Executive summary | p. 7 |
Purpose and outline | p. 9 |
Climate change: impacts and vulnerabilities | p. 10 |
Predicting African climate | p. 10 |
The IPCC estimate of climate change in Africa | p. 10 |
Water resources | p. 11 |
Agriculture and food security | p. 11 |
Human health | p. 12 |
Biodiversity | p. 13 |
Forests and woodlands | p. 13 |
Coastal zone and marine areas | p. 14 |
Climate change as a security threat | p. 14 |
Natural disasters and migration patterns | p. 15 |
Economic development | p. 16 |
Four dimensions of natural resource development | p. 17 |
Water scarcity | p. 17 |
Water stress | p. 17 |
Water supply and sanitation basic services | p. 18 |
Transboundary water resources | p. 19 |
Water and food security | p. 20 |
Energy supply | p. 20 |
The role of biomass | p. 20 |
Electricity from hydropower and hydrocarbons | p. 21 |
The potential for renewable energy | p. 22 |
Land use | p. 23 |
Land degradation and desertification | p. 23 |
Forests and deforestation | p. 24 |
Oil and mineral resources | p. 26 |
Reserves of oil and gas | p. 26 |
The 'oil curse' | p. 27 |
Other mineral resources | p. 28 |
Agriculture and employment | p. 30 |
The role and performance of agriculture | p. 30 |
Livestock | p. 31 |
Fisheries | p. 32 |
Causes of stagnating agricultural productivity | p. 32 |
Technology and research | p. 33 |
Foreign trade | p. 33 |
Employment | p. 34 |
Foreign aid | p. 35 |
Vulnerability and adaptation strategies | p. 36 |
Mainstreaming climate change adaptation | p. 36 |
Adaptation requirements | p. 36 |
Investment in infrastructure, including energy and transboundary water | p. 37 |
Raising agricultural productivity: adaptation strategies by smallholders | p. 38 |
Raising agricultural productivity: the role of research | p. 39 |
Water and sanitation | p. 39 |
Principal actors and Sweden's role | p. 41 |
External and internal actors active in natural resources | p. 41 |
Sweden's role: some suggestions | p. 44 |
Bibliography | p. 48 |
List of Boxes | |
Predicted agricultural productivity losses resulting from climate change | p. 12 |
Loss of African biodiversity | p. 13 |
Impact of sea level rise | p. 14 |
Africa's water challenges | p. 17 |
The importance of water for achievement of MDGs | p. 18 |
Potential hydropower development in SSA | p. 22 |
"Poverty-rife Angola emerges as an oil giant" | p. 26 |
Oil and bad governance in Nigeria | p. 27 |
Success in combating desertification in Burkina Faso | p. 39 |
"Knowing which way wind blows: handful of nations get most subsidies" | p. 43 |
Integration of adaptation strategies in development cooperation | p. 44 |
List of Tables | |
Reserves of oil and natural gas, selected countries | p. 26 |
Share of agriculture in total GDP, selected countries | p. 30 |
Per capita agricultural production index, selected countries | p. 31 |
Economically active population in agriculture | p. 35 |
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