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| Introduction to Telesurgery | |
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| Introduction to Telemedicine | |
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| What Is Telesurgery? | |
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| Does the Robot Actually Perform the Surgery? | |
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| Telementoring and Telestration | |
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| Telesurgery: Foregoing Technologies | |
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| Further Developments | |
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| How Many Patients Have Had Robotic Telesurgery? Who Is Eligible? | |
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| Patient Acceptance | |
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| Scope of Telesurgery | |
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| Relevance of Telesurgery in Developing Countries | |
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| Rewards of Telesurgery | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Computer-Assisted Remote Surgery | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Education and Training | |
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| Preoperative Diagnostics | |
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| Preoperative Planning | |
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| Intraoperative Applications: Augmented Reality | |
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| Remote Surgery | |
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| Future Developments | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Telesurgery in Urology | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Overview of Telesurgery and Robotics in Urology | |
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| Master-Slave Robots | |
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| Remote Surgery and Telementoring | |
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| Telemedicine and Urology | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Brachytherapy for Lung Cancer | |
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| Lung Cancer Brachytherapy | |
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| Robotic Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery | |
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| Adjuvant Brachytherapy for Lung Cancer | |
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| Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Brachytherapy for Lung Cancer | |
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| Lung Tumor Localization | |
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| Needle Tracking and Guidance | |
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| Brachytherapy Treatment Planning | |
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| Brachytherapy Seed Delivery System | |
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| System at Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics | |
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| Limitations and Future Directions | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Robotic-Assisted Heller Myotomy | |
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| Background | |
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| Etiology | |
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| Diagnosis | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Mechanical Dilatation | |
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| Medical Management | |
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| Chemical Paralysis | |
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| Surgical Esophagomyotomy | |
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| Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy | |
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| Robotically Assisted Heller Myotomy | |
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| Surgical Technique | |
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| Heller Myotomy | |
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| Antireflux Procedure | |
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| Global Experience | |
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| Discussion | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Robotic-Assisted Surgery: Low-Cost Options | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Problems of Endoscopic Surgery | |
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| Disturbed Hand-Eye Coordination | |
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| Limited Range of Motion | |
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| Limited Spherical Vision | |
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| Solutions for Endoscopic Surgery | |
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| Geometry of Laparoscopy | |
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| Working Ergonomics of Laparoscopy | |
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| Adjustment of Needle and Needle Holder | |
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| Instruments with Six Degrees of Freedom | |
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| Stereovision | |
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| Robotic Camera Holders | |
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| Passive Holders for Camera and Instruments | |
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| Master-Slave Systems | |
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| Experimental Robotic Manipulators | |
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| Clinically Used Robotic Manipulators | |
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| Mechanical Manipulator | |
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| Actual Boom of Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy | |
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| Disadvantages of the da Vinci Device | |
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| Lack of Tactile Feedback | |
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| Coordination with the Assistant | |
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| Learning Curve | |
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| High Investment and Running Costs | |
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| Future Perspectives and Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| The Tele-Echography Robot: a Robot for Remote Ultrasonic Examination | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The TER System | |
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| System Architecture | |
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| TER Releases | |
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| Experimental Evaluations | |
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| Clinical Experiments | |
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| Clinical Feasibility for Angiology Application | |
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| Focused Assessment Sonography for Trauma versus TER in Emergency Trauma Diagnosis | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Information Support for Telesurgery | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Presentation System | |
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| Presentation Interface of Multiple Data | |
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| Presentation Methods for the Main View | |
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| Transmission Control | |
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| Network-Level Transmission Control | |
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| Application-Level Transmission Control | |
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| Data Generation | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Haptics in Telerobotic Systems for Minimally Invasive Surgery | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Mechanisms for Haptic Teleoperation | |
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| Haptic HMI (Master) | |
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| Sensorized Robot (Slave) | |
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| Communication and Control for Haptic Teleoperation | |
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| Experiments: Haptic Telerobotic Palpation of Soft Tissue | |
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| Related Research Problems | |
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| Sensory Substitution for Haptic Feedback | |
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| Time-Delay Compensation in Haptic Teleoperation | |
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| Haptics-Assisted Training | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Robotic Surgery in Ophthalmology | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Institute and Global Experience | |
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| External Ocular Surgery | |
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| Anterior Segment Surgery | |
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| Posterior Segment Surgery | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Education and Training Opportunities | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Telerobotic Surgery | |
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| Telerobotic Mentoring | |
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| Novel Imaging Acquisition | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Telesurgery and Computerized Smell Simulators | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Importance of Simulation | |
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| The Sense of Smell and Medicine | |
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| Scent Technology | |
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| Education and Training | |
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| Practical Applications | |
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| Computerized Scent and Patient Simulators | |
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| Computerized Scent and Haptic Surgical Simulators | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Telementoring in Endocrine Surgery | |
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| Background | |
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| Global Experience | |
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| Education and Training | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Training in Telesurgery: Building a Successful Program | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Methods | |
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| Telemanipulative Instrumentation | |
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| Telesurgery Program Development | |
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| Surgical Training Curriculum | |
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| Results | |
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| Discussion | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Telesurgery and the Law | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Licensure | |
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| Accreditation | |
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| Privacy | |
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| Malpractice Liability | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Telesurgery: An Audit | |
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| Telesurgery Is Still in Its Infancy | |
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| Will Telesurgery Replace Traditional Methods? | |
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| Economics of Telesurgery | |
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| Issues Related to Telesurgery: a Brief Overview | |
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| An Outlook | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Subject Index | |