| |
| |
A Word About This Guide | |
| |
| |
Contributors to the Fifth Edition | |
| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
Terminology of Intensive Diabetes Management | |
| |
| |
Rationale for and Physiological Basis of Intensive Diabetes Management | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Intensive Diabetes Management | |
| |
| |
Physiological Basis of Intensive Management Methods | |
| |
| |
Normal Fuel Metabolism | |
| |
| |
Regulation of Fuel Metabolism | |
| |
| |
Implications for Therapy | |
| |
| |
The Team Approach | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Concept of Team Management | |
| |
| |
Integrated Diabetes Management Team | |
| |
| |
Role Definition | |
| |
| |
Team Communication | |
| |
| |
Functional Considerations | |
| |
| |
Diabetes Self-Management Education | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Integration of the Team Approach | |
| |
| |
Diabetes Continuing Education | |
| |
| |
Assessment | |
| |
| |
Instruction | |
| |
| |
Environment | |
| |
| |
Planning | |
| |
| |
Content | |
| |
| |
Sequencing of Classes | |
| |
| |
Approaches/Strategies | |
| |
| |
Motivation and Support | |
| |
| |
Action Planning | |
| |
| |
Evaluation | |
| |
| |
Documentation | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Psychosocial Issues | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Assessing Patient Suitability for Intensification | |
| |
| |
Practicing Behavior | |
| |
| |
Psychological Status and Psychosocial Support System | |
| |
| |
The Individual | |
| |
| |
Assessing the Effect of Stress on Glycemic Control | |
| |
| |
The Family System | |
| |
| |
Assessing Coping Skills | |
| |
| |
Assessment of Diabetes-Related Coping | |
| |
| |
Identifying Psychosocial Resources | |
| |
| |
Supporting and Maintaining Patients' Behavior Changes | |
| |
| |
Adoption of New Therapies and Therapeutic Modalities | |
| |
| |
Helping Patients with Long-Term Adherence | |
| |
| |
Lifestyle Changes | |
| |
| |
Potential Adverse Psychological Outcomes of Treatment | |
| |
| |
Depression | |
| |
| |
Eating and Body Image Disorders | |
| |
| |
Fear of Hypoglycemia | |
| |
| |
Needle Phobia | |
| |
| |
Helping Patients Deal with Complications | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Patient Selection and Goals of Therapy | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Patient Selection | |
| |
| |
Patients with Type 1 Diabetes | |
| |
| |
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes | |
| |
| |
Goals of Therapy | |
| |
| |
Glycemic Goals | |
| |
| |
Modifying Glycemic Goals | |
| |
| |
Weighing Benefits and Risks in Type 2 Diabetes | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Multiple-Component Insulin Regimens | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Insulin Pharmacology | |
| |
| |
Insulin Timing and Action | |
| |
| |
Stability of Insulins | |
| |
| |
Insulin Absorption | |
| |
| |
Insulin Regimens | |
| |
| |
Multiple-Component Insulin Regimens: General Points | |
| |
| |
Specific Flexible Multiple-Component Insulin Regimens | |
| |
| |
Other Insulin Regimens | |
| |
| |
Insulin Dose and Distribution | |
| |
| |
Initial Insulin Doses | |
| |
| |
Insulin Dose Distribution | |
| |
| |
Insulin Adjustments | |
| |
| |
Acute Adjustments | |
| |
| |
Pattern Adjustments | |
| |
| |
Injection Devices | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Insulin Infusion Pump Therapy | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Benefits of CSII | |
| |
| |
Initial Dosage Calculations for Insulin Pump Therapy | |
| |
| |
Basal Insulin Dosage | |
| |
| |
Bolus Insulin Dosage | |
| |
| |
Insulin Dosage Adjustments | |
| |
| |
Diet | |
| |
| |
Exercise | |
| |
| |
Illness | |
| |
| |
Risks of CSH | |
| |
| |
Skin Infection | |
| |
| |
Unexplained Hyperglycemia and Ketoacidosis | |
| |
| |
Hypoglycemia | |
| |
| |
Wearing the Pump | |
| |
| |
Patient Education for CSII | |
| |
| |
Sensor Augmented Pump Therapy | |
| |
| |
The Future | |
| |
| |
Summary and Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Monitoring | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Monitoring by the Patient | |
| |
| |
Blood Glucose | |
| |
| |
Ketone Monitoring | |
| |
| |
Record Keeping | |
| |
| |
Monitoring by the Health Care Team | |
| |
| |
A1C - Estimated Average Glucose | |
| |
| |
Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring | |
| |
| |
Monitoring for Long-Term Complications | |
| |
| |
Retinal Examinations | |
| |
| |
Lipid Screening | |
| |
| |
Blood Pressure | |
| |
| |
Urinary Albumin Screening | |
| |
| |
Foot Examinations | |
| |
| |
Nutrition Management | |
| |
| |
Highlights | |
| |
| |
Goals of MNT | |
| |
| |
Target Nutrition Recommendations | |
| |
| |
Strategies for Type 1 Diabetes | |
| |
| |
Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes | |
| |
| |
Glucose Monitoring and the Nutritional Plan | |
| |
| |
Blood Glucose Monitoring | |
| |
| |
Continuous Glucose Monitoring | |
| |
| |
Hypoglycemia | |
| |
| |
Omitting or Delaying Planned Meals or Snacks | |
| |
| |
Inappropriate Timing of Insulin Relative to Meals | |
| |
| |
Imbalance Between Food and Meal-Related Insulin Dose | |
| |
| |
Inadequate Food Supplementation for Exercise | |
| |
| |
Consuming Alcohol on an Empty Stomach | |
| |
| |
Oral Treatment of Hypoglycemia | |
| |
| |
Facilitating Nutrition Self-Management | |
| |
| |
Meal-Planning Approaches for Intensified Management | |
| |
| |
Carbohydrate Counting | |
| |
| |
Weight Gain Associated with Intensive Management | |
| |
| |
Prevention | |
| |
| |
Index | |