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| Contributors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What Is Biodiversity? | |
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| Why Is Biodiversity Important? | |
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| Threats to Biodiversity | |
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| Stemming the Tide of the Sixth Global Extinction Event: What We Can Do | |
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| Abyssal Floor | |
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| Adaptation | |
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| Adaptive Radiation | |
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| Agricultural Ecology | |
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| Agriculture and Biodiversity Loss: Genetic Engineering and the Second Agricultural Revolution | |
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| Agriculture and Biodiversity Loss: Industrial Agriculture | |
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| Agriculture: Benefits of Biodiversity to | |
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| Agriculture, Origin of | |
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| Alien Species | |
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| Amphibians | |
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| Angiosperms | |
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| Annelida--The Segmented Worms | |
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| Anthropology | |
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| Archaebacteria | |
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| Archaeology and Sustainable Development | |
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| Arthropods, Marine | |
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| Arthropods, Terrestrial | |
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| Artiodactyls | |
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| Atmosphere | |
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| Atmospheric Cycles | |
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| Atolls | |
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| Avian Malaria and the Extinction of Hawaiian Birds | |
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| Bacteria | |
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| Barrier Islands | |
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| Beaches | |
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| Beauty of Nature, Biophilia and Ethics | |
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| Benthos | |
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| Biogeography | |
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| Birds | |
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| Birds of Guam and the Brown Tree Snake | |
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| Black Rhinoceros | |
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| Bluebuck | |
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| Bony Fishes | |
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| Botany | |
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| Brachiopods | |
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| Bryophytes | |
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| Bryozoa | |
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| Carbon Cycle | |
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| Carnivora | |
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| Carolina Parakeet | |
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| Cetacea (Whales, Dolphins, Porpoises) | |
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| Chiroptera (Bats) | |
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| Chondrichthyes (Sharks, Rays, Chimaeras) | |
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| Chordates (Nonvertebrate) | |
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| Classification, Biological | |
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| Climatology | |
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| Cnidarians (Sea Anemones, Corals, and Jellyfish) | |
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| Coastal Wetlands | |
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| Coevolution | |
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| Coloniality | |
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| Communities | |
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| Conservation Biology | |
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| Conservation, Definition and History | |
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| Continental Shelf | |
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| Continental Slope and Rise | |
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| Convergence and Parallelism | |
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| Coral Reefs | |
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| Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction | |
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| Cultural Survival, Revival, and Preservation | |
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| Dams | |
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| Darwin, Charles | |
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| Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Faunas | |
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| Deposition | |
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| Deserts and Semiarid Scrublands | |
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| Draining of Wetlands | |
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| Earthquakes | |
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| Echinoderms | |
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| Ecological Niches | |
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| Ecological Status of Modern Humans | |
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| Ecology | |
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| Economics | |
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| Ecosystems | |
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| Embryology | |
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| Endangered Species | |
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| Erosion | |
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| Estuaries | |
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| Ethics of Conservation | |
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| Ethnology | |
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| Ethnoscience | |
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| Evolution | |
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| Evolutionary Biodiversity | |
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| Evolutionary Genetics | |
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| Extinction, Direct Causes of | |
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| Five Kingdoms of Nature | |
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| Flabellidium Spinosum | |
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| Food Webs and Food Pyramids | |
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| Freshwater | |
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| Fungi | |
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| Galapagos Islands and Darwin's Finches | |
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| Geological Time Scale | |
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| Geology, Geomorphology, and Geography | |
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| Giant, Flightless Island Birds | |
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| Giant Ground Sloth | |
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| Glaciation | |
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| Global Climate Change | |
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| Great Apes | |
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| Gymnosperms | |
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| Habitat Tracking | |
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| Haplochromine Cichlids of Lake Victoria | |
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| Herbivory | |
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| Hole in the Ozone Layer | |
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| Holocene | |
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| Homo Sapiens | |
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| Human Evolution | |
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| Humans and Biodiversity: Examples from the Hoofed Mammals | |
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| Hutton, James | |
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| Hydrologic Cycle | |
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| Ice Caps and Glaciers | |
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| Indigenous Conservation | |
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| Industrial Revolution/Industrialization | |
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| Interior Wetlands | |
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| International Trade and Biodiversity | |
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| Intertidal Zone | |
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| Lagomorpha | |
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| Lagoons | |
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| Lakes | |
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| Land Use | |
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| Late Devonian Extinction | |
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| Late Ordovician Extinction | |
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| Late Triassic Extinction | |
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| Lemurs and Other Lower Primates | |
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| Lichens | |
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| Linguistic Diversity | |
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| Linnaean Hierarchy | |
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| Lyell, Charles | |
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| Mammalia | |
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| Mass Extinction | |
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| Medicine, The Benefits of Biodiversity to | |
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| Meteorology | |
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| Microbiology | |
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| Mining | |
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| Molecular Biology and Biodiversity | |
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| Mollusca | |
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| Monkeys | |
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| Mountains | |
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| Museums and Biodiversity | |
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| Natural Selection | |
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| Nitrogen Cycle | |
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| Nurseries | |
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| Nutrient/Energy Cycling | |
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| Oceanic Trenches | |
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| Oceans | |
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| Order Uranotheria | |
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| Organizations in Biodiversity, The Role of | |
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| Oxygen, History of Presence in the Atmosphere | |
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| Paleontology | |
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| Palestinian Painted Frog | |
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| Perissodactyls | |
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| Permo-Triassic Extinction | |
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| Phylogeny | |
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| Physical Anthropology | |
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| Plankton | |
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| Plate Tectonics | |
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| Pleistocene Epoch | |
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| Pollination | |
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| Pollution | |
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| Population Growth, Human | |
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| Population, Human, Curbs to Growth | |
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| Positive Interactions | |
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| Preservation of Habitats | |
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| Preservation of Species | |
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| Primates | |
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| Protoctists | |
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| Pteridophytes | |
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| Punctuated Equilibria | |
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| Reptiles | |
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| Rivers and Streams | |
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| Rodents | |
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| Sandalwood Tree | |
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| Seamounts | |
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| Sixth Extinction | |
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| Smallpox | |
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| Snowball Earth | |
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| Soil | |
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| Speciation | |
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| Species | |
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| Sponges | |
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| Subsistence | |
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| Succession and Successionlike Processes | |
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| Sustainable Development | |
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| Systematics | |
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| Thylacine | |
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| Tides | |
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| Topsoil Formation | |
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| Topsoil, Loss of | |
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| Tourism, Ecotourism, and Biodiversity | |
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| Tropical Rain Forests | |
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| Urbanization | |
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| Valuing Biodiversity | |
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| Viruses | |
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| Volcanoes | |
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| Wallace, Alfred Russel | |
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| Xenarthrans (Edentates) | |
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| Zoology | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Index | |
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| About the Editor | |