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| List of Illustrations and Maps | |
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| Preface | |
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| Preface to the Revised and Expanded Edition | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Bible in the Modern World | |
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| The Bible and Today's World | |
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| The Bible and Politics | |
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| The Bible and the Church | |
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| The Bible and the University | |
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| The Bible and Popular Culture | |
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| Sociology and the Bible | |
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| Liberation Theology and the Bible | |
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| The Hermeneutical Privilege of the Poor | |
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| The Hermeneutic of Suspicion | |
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| A Liberation Perspective | |
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| New Lands and New Eyes for Reading the Bible | |
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| A Modern Look at Biblical Times | |
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| Modern Discoveries and the Historical Critical Approach to the Bible | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Bible and the Ancient World | |
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| The Geography of Palestine | |
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| The Pentateuch | |
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| The Historical Background of the Ancient Near East | |
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| The Fertile Crescent and the Birth of Civilization | |
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| The History of the Ancient Near East Prior to the Appearance of Israel | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Egypt | |
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| Mesopotamia | |
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| Syria-Palestine | |
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| The Ancestors of Israel | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Formation of the Traditions in Genesis 12-50 and the Origins of Early Israel | |
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| Reading between the Lines of Genesis 12-50 | |
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| The Documentary Hypothesis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Documentary Hypothesis or Four-Source Theory | |
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| An Example of Source Criticism | |
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| The Context for the Pentateuch's Foundational Story | |
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| The Four Sources | |
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| Creation of the Pentateuch | |
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| Israel's Scriptures: A Liberating Word | |
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| A Practical Application of Source Criticism: A Story from the Yahwist | |
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| The Exodus | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| The Moses Group | |
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| Egypt under Pharaoh Ramses II (1290-1224 B.C.E.) | |
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| The Exodus Itself | |
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| The Paradigmatic Nature of the Exodus Traditions | |
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| Covenant | |
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| The Rise of Israel in Canaan | |
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| The "Conquest" of Canaan | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Conquest or Gradual Settlement? | |
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| A Third Way: The Social Revolution Model | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Context of the Social Revolution | |
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| The "El-Federation" and the Entry of the Moses Group | |
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| Israel in the Period of the Judges | |
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| Life in the Central Highlands | |
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| Yahwism: The Religion of the Social Revolution | |
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| Revelation | |
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| The Uniqueness of Israel's Religion | |
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| Unanswered Questions | |
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| Other Aspects of Early Israel's Faith | |
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| The Period of the Monarchy | |
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| The Book of Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| The Book of Deuteronomy | |
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| The Origins of the Book of Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomic Reform | |
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| The Socio-economic Elements in the Deuteronomic Reform | |
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| The Deuteronomistic History (DH) | |
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| The Origins of the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| Key Themes of the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| The Sources for the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| The Two Editions of the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| The Philistines and Saul | |
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| The Origins of the Philistines | |
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| The Philistines and the External Threat to Early Israel | |
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| Saul and the Initial Attempt to Meet the Philistine Crisis | |
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| From Chieftain to King | |
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| Internal Factors in the Rise of the Monarchy | |
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| The Rise of David | |
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| Factors That Facilitated Centralization and Monarchy | |
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| Kingship and Zion | |
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| Solomon: The Triumph of the Counter-Revolution | |
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| Changes in Israel's Way of Life | |
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| Political Changes | |
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| Military Changes | |
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| Socio-economic Changes | |
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| Religious Changes | |
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| The Divided Monarchy | |
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| The Shift from Tribal League to Monarchy | |
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| A Brief History of the Divided Monarchy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Northern Kingdom (Israel), 922-722 B.C.E. | |
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| The Southern Kingdom (Judah), 922-587 B.C.E. | |
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| Reflections on the Monarchy | |
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| Prophecy in the Pre-Exilic Period | |
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| The Origins and Definition of Prophecy | |
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| Background | |
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| The Word Prophet | |
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| The More Remote Background of Israelite Prophecy | |
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| The More Immediate Background of Israelite Prophecy | |
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| The Prophet in Israel: Messenger of the Divine Assembly | |
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| The Dispute between Prophets and Kings | |
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| From Preaching Prophets to Writing Prophets | |
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| The Preaching Prophets | |
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| The Eighth-Century B.C.E. Prophets: Amos and Hosea | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Amos | |
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| Hosea | |
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| Repentance and Return | |
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| Isaiah | |
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| Isaiah and His Successors | |
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| The Power and Subtlety of Isaiah's Poetry | |
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| The Unrelenting Doom in His Message | |
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| Isaiah and the Royal/Davidic and Jerusalem/Zion Traditions | |
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| Isaiah's First Period of Ministry: The Syro-Ephraimite Crisis of 735 B.C.E. | |
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| The Sennacherib Invasion and Crisis, 705-701 B.C.E. | |
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| Isaiah and the "Holy One" of Israel | |
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| The Isaiah Tradition and the Book of Isaiah | |
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| Jeremiah | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Historical Background to Jeremiah's Prophetic Career | |
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| Jeremiah's Message | |
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| The Question of True and False Prophecy | |
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| The Jeremian Tradition | |
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| Jeremiah's "Confessions" | |
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| The Basis for Hope in Jeremiah | |
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| The Exile and the Restoration | |
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| The Destruction of Jerusalem, the Exile, and the Prophet Ezekiel | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Destruction of Jerusalem and the Devastation of Judah | |
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| Israel in Exile | |
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| The Situation in the Major Centers of Judaism, 587-539 B.C.E. | |
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| Judah and Jerusalem | |
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| Babylon | |
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| Egypt | |
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| The Prophet Ezekiel | |
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| Ezekiel's Character and Accomplishments | |
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| Ezekiel's Doctrine and Work | |
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| Second Isaiah (Is 40-55) | |
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| The Historical Context and Its Relationship to the Rest of the Book | |
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| The Shape and Style of Second Isaiah | |
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| The Purpose of Second Isaiah | |
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| The Message of Second Isaiah | |
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| Comfort and Reassurance | |
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| Strategy for Reconciliation | |
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| Creative Redemption | |
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| The Servant of Yahweh | |
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| The Servant Language in the New Testament | |
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| Two Important Lessons from Second Isaiah | |
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| New Testament Use of Old Testament Texts | |
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| Vicarious Suffering | |
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| The Reestablishment of a Jewish Community in Jerusalem and Judah | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Four Stages of the Return and Reestablishment | |
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| The Priestly Writer and the Completion of the Pentateuch | |
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| The Pentateuch and the Deuteronomistic History | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| The Writings | |
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| The Psalms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Hebrew Poetry | |
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| The Liturgical Origin of the Psalms | |
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| The Psalm Forms | |
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| The Hymn or Song of Praise | |
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| The Individual Lament or Song of Supplication | |
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| The Individual Thanksgiving Song | |
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| The Communal Lament | |
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| Royal Psalms | |
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| Minor Categories | |
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| The Shape of the Psalter | |
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| The Socio-historic Setting of the Psalms | |
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| Wisdom in Israel | |
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| The Development and Background of Israelite Wisdom | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Origins of the Scribal School | |
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| The Royal Scribal School in Israel | |
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| Scribal Circles after the Exile | |
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| The Forms of Hebrew Wisdom | |
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| The Proverb | |
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| The Liberating Potential of Proverb and Parable | |
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| Other Forms or Genres | |
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| The Wisdom Writings: Proverbs, Job, Ecclesiastes, Sirach, and the Book of Wisdom | |
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| The Book of Proverbs | |
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| The Book of Job | |
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| The Book of Ecclesiastes (Qoheleth) | |
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| The Book of Sirach (Ecclesiasticus or Ben Sira) | |
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| The Book of Wisdom (Wisdom of Solomon) | |
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| Daniel and the Apocalyptic Literature | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| The Nature of Apocalyptic Literature | |
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| The Book of Daniel | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| The Book of Daniel | |
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| Apocalyptic as a Background to the New Testament | |
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| Some Conclusions | |
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| The Old Testament: A Liberation Perspective | |
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| The Bible and Today's World | |
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| The Hermeneutic of Suspicion | |
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| The Hermeneutical Privilege of the Poor | |
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| Liberation and Israel's God | |
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| Liberation and Covenant | |
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| Liberation and Life | |
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| The Bible and Contemporary Socio-economic Issues | |
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| The Bible and Decision-making | |
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| The Bible and Human Liberation | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| General Index | |
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| Scripture Index | |