Preface | p. xi |
About the Author | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xv |
Introduction to Digital Systems | p. 1 |
Overview | p. 1 |
Learning the Language (A World of Acronyms) | p. 2 |
Hardware/Software | p. 6 |
The Distributed Control System (DCS) | p. 7 |
The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) | p. 9 |
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) | p. 10 |
Other Microprocessor-Based Systems | p. 13 |
Higher Levels of Automation | p. 18 |
Summary | p. 20 |
Computer Automation--Project Execution | p. 23 |
Definition of Stages | p. 23 |
Large vs. Small Systems | p. 26 |
Budgetary Estimates | p. 27 |
Using a System Integrator/Engineering Consultant | p. 28 |
Defining the System Requirements | p. 31 |
Defining Immediate and Future Automation Requirements | p. 31 |
Preliminary System Block Diagram | p. 35 |
Control and Data Acquisition | p. 35 |
Inputs/Outputs List | p. 44 |
Human-Machine Interface | p. 52 |
Alarm Handling | p. 55 |
Reporting | p. 57 |
History Collection | p. 57 |
Communications | p. 58 |
Redundancy | p. 63 |
Distribution of Equipment and Wiring | p. 65 |
Power | p. 69 |
Packaging | p. 72 |
Training | p. 73 |
Maintenance | p. 74 |
Purchased Spares and Capacities | p. 75 |
Other | p. 76 |
Specifying the System | p. 79 |
Developing Digital System Specifications | p. 79 |
Sample Digital System Hardware Specification | p. 80 |
Sample Digital System Configuration Specification | p. 96 |
Selecting the Right System | p. 111 |
Distribute Specifications for Proposals | p. 111 |
Bid Summary and Evaluation | p. 113 |
Vendor Drawings | p. 119 |
Factory Acceptance Testing | p. 119 |
Configuration | p. 123 |
Getting Started | p. 123 |
System Block Diagram | p. 125 |
Device Configuration | p. 125 |
Data Base Building | p. 127 |
Graphics | p. 132 |
Alarm Handling and History Collection | p. 142 |
Reports, Logs, and Trends | p. 144 |
Logic Programming | p. 147 |
Staging, Testing, and Training | p. 156 |
Documentation | p. 159 |
Installation and Start-Up | p. 165 |
Site Preparation | p. 165 |
Site Survey | p. 166 |
Physical Installation | p. 168 |
Initiating the Levels of Automatic Control | p. 171 |
Operations Support | p. 172 |
Official Digital System Acceptance | p. 172 |
Regular Maintenance | p. 172 |
Trends in Multi-Vendor Integration | p. 175 |
Introduction | p. 175 |
Point-to-Point Communications Links | p. 180 |
Network Communications | p. 181 |
RS-232 | p. 187 |
RS-422 | p. 189 |
RS-485 | p. 191 |
Character Framing | p. 191 |
ASCII | p. 193 |
Modus/Modbus Plus | p. 194 |
Allen-Bradley Data Highway/Data Highway Plus | p. 200 |
Ethernet | p. 202 |
Manufacturers Automation Protocol (MAP) | p. 203 |
Sample Digital System Communications Architecture | p. 203 |
I/O Signal Criteria | p. 213 |
Glossary of Terms | p. 217 |
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