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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to the HCS12 | |
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| Microcontroller Objectives Number System Issue | |
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| The Computer Hardware Organization | |
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| The processor Microprocessor | |
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| Microcontroller Embedded Systems Memory | |
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| Magnetic Memory | |
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| Optical Memory | |
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| Semiconductor Memory | |
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| Non-Volatile and Volatile Memory | |
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| Random Access Memory | |
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| Read-Only Memory | |
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| Memory System | |
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| Operation Read | |
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| Operation Write | |
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| Operation Program Execution | |
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| The circuit of the Program Counter | |
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| Where does the Processor Start to Execute Program? | |
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| Instruction Execution Process Instruction | |
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| Sequence Example Instruction Execution Process | |
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| Overview of the HCS12 | |
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| Microcontroller The HCS12 | |
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| CPU Registers HCS12 | |
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| Addressing Modes | |
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| Inherent Mode | |
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| Immediate Mode | |
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| Direct Mode | |
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| Extended Mode | |
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| Relative Mode | |
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| Indexed Addressing Modes | |
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| Indexed Addressing Modes with Constant Offsets | |
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| Indexed Addressing Mode with Offset in an Accumulator | |
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| Auto Pre/Postdecrement/Increment | |
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| Indexed Addressing Modes 16-bit | |
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| Offset Indexed-Indirect Mode | |
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| Accumulator D Indirect Indexed Addressing | |
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| Addressing More than 64 Kbytes | |
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| A Sample of HCS12 | |
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| Instructions The Load and Store | |
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| Instructions Transfer and Exchange | |
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| Instructions Move | |
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| Instructions Add and Subtract | |
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| Instructions Instruction Queue | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercise 2 | |
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| HCS12 Assembly Programming Objectives | |
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| Assembly Language Program Structure | |
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| The Label Field | |
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| The Operation Field | |
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| The Operand Field | |
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| The Comment Field Assembler Directives | |
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| Software Development Issues | |
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| Writing Programs to Do Arithmetic Carry/Borrow Flag | |
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| Multiprecision Addition Subtraction and the C Flag | |
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| Multiprecision Subtraction Binary-Coded-Decimal (BCD) | |
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| Addition Multiplication and Division Program | |
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| Loops Condition Code | |
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| Register Branch Instructions | |
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| Compare and Test Instructions | |
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| Loop Primitive Instructions | |
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| Implementation of Looping Constructs | |
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| Decrementing and Incrementing Instructions | |
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| Bit Condition Branch Instructions | |
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| Instructions for Variable Initialization | |
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| Shift and Rotate Instructions | |
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| Boolean Logic Instructions | |
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| Bit Test and Manipulate Instruction | |
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| Program Execution Time | |
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| The Multiply and Accumulate Instruction EMACS | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises 3 | |
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| Hardware and Software Development Tools for the HCS12 | |
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| Objectives HCS12 | |
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| Members Development Tools for the HCS12 | |
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| Software Development Tools | |
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| Hardware Development Tools | |
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| Types of HCS12 Demo boards | |
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| The Dragon12-Plus Demo Board | |
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| The D-Bug12 Monitor | |
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| The D-Bug12 Operating Modes EVB Mode | |
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| Using a Demo Board with the D-Bug12 | |
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| Monitor Starting the MiniIDE Communicating with the Demo Board | |
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| Using the D-Bug12 Commands Entering an Assembly Program | |
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| Assembling the Program Downloading the S-Record | |
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| File onto the Demo Board for Execution | |
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| Running and Debugging the Program | |
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| Other D-Bug12 Modes | |
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| The Pod Mode | |
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| The Jump-to-EEPROM Mode | |
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| The Bootloader Mode | |
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| Tips for Assembly Language Program Debugging | |
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| Syntax Errors | |
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| Logical Errors | |
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| Using the CodeWarrior | |
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| Building Software Project | |
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| Using the CodeWarrior Project | |
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| Setup Source Code Entering Project | |
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| Build Program Debugging BDM | |
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| Serial Interface | |
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| The BDM-Based Debugger | |
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| Summary | |
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| Lab Exercises and Assignment 4 | |
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| Advanced Assembly Programming Objectives | |
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| Introduction Stack Indexable Data Structures | |
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| Strings Data Conversion Character and Word Counting | |
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| Word Matching | |
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| String Insertion Subroutines | |
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| Issues in Subroutine Calls | |
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| Parameter Passing Result Returning Allocation of Local Variables | |
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| The Stack Frame Examples of Subroutine Calls | |
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| Finding the Greatest Common Divisor | |
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| Multiple Byte Division Bubble Sort | |
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| Finding the Square Root | |
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| Using the D-Bug12 Functions to Perform I/O Operations | |
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| Calling D-Bug12 Functions from Assembly Language | |
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| Descriptions of Callable Functions | |
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| Using the D-Bug12 Functions | |
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| Tips for Program Debugging Involving | |
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| Subroutine Calls What to Do When the Program | |
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| Gets Stuck General Debugging Strategy | |
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| Summary Exercises Lab Exercises and Assignments 5 | |
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| C Language Programming Objectives | |
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| Introduction to C Types, Operators, and Expressions | |