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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Nature of Accounting and the Chief Ethical Difficulty: True Disclosure | |
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| The Nature of Accounting | |
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| Ethics of Disclosure | |
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| The Financial Statement | |
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| Roles an Accountant can Fulfill | |
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| Development of Explicit Accounting Standards and Regulations | |
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| The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) | |
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| Recent Scandals that Provoked More Regulation | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Ethical Behavior in Accounting: What Is Ethics? | |
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| What Is Ethics? | |
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| Ethics: The Intellectual Enterprise | |
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| Actions | |
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| Social Practices, Institutions, and Systems | |
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| Why Study Ethics? | |
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| Being Ethical: How to Determine What to Do | |
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| Questions to Ask to Justify an Action: The Basis of Ethical Theory | |
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| Using the Reasons | |
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| Ethical Dilemmas | |
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| Some Classic Moral Dilemmas | |
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| Ethical Behavior in Accounting: Ethical Theory | |
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| Egoism | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Kant and Deontology | |
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| Deontological Ethics | |
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| The First Formula of the Categorical Imperative | |
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| The Second Formula of the Categorical Imperative | |
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| Virtue Ethics | |
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| Accounting as a Profession: Characteristics of a Profession | |
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| Accounting Codes of Conduct | |
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| AICPA Professional Code of Conduct | |
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| Code Principles | |
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| Criticisms of the Code of Conduct | |
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| The Rules of the Code of Conduct | |
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| Section 100 - Independence, Integrity, and Objectivity | |
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| Section 200 - General Standards Accounting Principles | |
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| Section 300 - Responsibilities to Clients | |
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| Section 400 - Responsibilities to Colleagues | |
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| Section 500 - Other Responsibilities and Practices | |
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| The Auditing Function | |
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| The Ethics of Public Accounting | |
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| Trust | |
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| The Auditor's Responsibility to the Public | |
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| The Auditor's Basic Responsibilities | |
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| Independence | |
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| Independence Risk | |
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| Professional Skepticisrn | |
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| Reasonable Assurance | |
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| The Ethics of Managerial Accounting | |
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| Reasons Used to Justify Unethical Behaviors | |
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| Blowing the Whistle | |
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| The Ethics of Tax Accounting | |
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| Ethics Applied to the Accounting Firm | |
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| Accounting as a Business | |
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| The Social Responsibility of Business | |
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| Good Ethics is Good Business | |
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| Ethical Responsibilities of Accounting Firms | |
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| The Accounting Profession in Crisis | |
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| Afterword: Current Debates on Accounting Issues | |
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| Fair Value and Principles vs. Rules | |
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| Fair Value Accounting | |
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| Arguments for and Against the Fair Value Approach | |
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| Summary | |
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| Principles vs. Rules | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Isn't GAAP Already Principles Based? | |
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| An Example: The Continental Vending Case | |
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| Recent Developments of �Present Fairly� | |
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| A Better Question | |
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| Argument for a Rules Based Approach | |
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| What Would a Principles Based Approach Look Like? The True and Fair Override | |
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| Argument for a Principles Based Approach | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Summary of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
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| The IMA Code of Conduct for Management Accountants | |
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| Index | |