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| Visual Perception and Linear System Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Linear Systems | |
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| Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiometry | |
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| Electromagnetic Radiation | |
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| Optics | |
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| Radiometry for a Lens System | |
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| Radiometry for Reflecting Surfaces | |
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| Color Perception | |
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| Brightness Matching | |
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| Axioms of Abney | |
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| Spectral Sensitivity Function (SSF) | |
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| Anatomical and Electrophysiological Evidence | |
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| Color Matching | |
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| Axioms of Grassman | |
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| Color Matching Function (CMF) | |
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| Cone Sensitivities | |
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| Linear System Theory and Vector Spaces | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Signals and Vectors | |
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| Vector Spaces | |
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| Linear Functionals and Vector Products | |
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| Vector Norms and Banach Spaces | |
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| Norms and Distances | |
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| Cauchy Sequences and Banach Spaces | |
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| Dual Vector Spaces | |
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| Schwartz Functions and Tempered Distributions | |
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| Bases | |
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| Linear Operators between Banach Spaces | |
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| Linear Operators | |
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| Dual Bases | |
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| Operators and Matrices | |
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| Vector Lengths and Hilbert Spaces | |
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| Hilbert Spaces | |
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| Bases of Orthogonal Polynomials | |
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| Orthogonal Projection | |
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| Linear Operators between Hilbert Spaces | |
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| Unitary Operators | |
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| Adjoint Operators | |
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| Eigenvalue Decomposition | |
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| Singular Value Decomposition | |
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| Pseudo-Inverse Operators | |
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| Frames | |
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| Color Perception and Colorimetry | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Fundamental Color Space | |
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| Vector Space Model for Color Matching | |
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| Analysis of Color Matching Data | |
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| Color Diagram | |
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| Photometry | |
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| Luminance and Luminance Ratio | |
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| Brightness Models and Display Standardization | |
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| Brightness Adaptation | |
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| Colorimetry | |
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| Hering Primaries | |
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| Chromaticity Plane | |
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| CIE Standard Illuminants | |
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| The Munsell Book of Color | |
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| CIELAB Uniform Color Space | |
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| Color Management | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Additive Color Displays | |
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| Model | |
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| Display Calibration | |
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| Multiplicative Color Displays | |
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| Continuous-Tone Printing | |
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| Half-Tone Printing | |
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| Standardized Color Coordinates | |
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| Standardized Displays | |
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| Color Encoding | |
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| Gamma-Corrected Color Values | |
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| Image Sensors | |
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| Model | |
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| Sensor Calibration | |
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| Reproducing Reproductions | |
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| Color Reproduction and Image Quality | |
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| Gamma Variations | |
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| Quality: Contrast versus Naturalness | |
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| Psychophysical Measurement and Modelling of Image Quality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Example of Multidimensional Modelling | |
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| Psychophysical Measurement | |
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| Psychophysics | |
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| Response Variables and Scales | |
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| Non-Metric Scales and Response Functions | |
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| Psychophysical Procedures | |
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| Local Psychophysics | |
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| Global Psychophysics | |
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| Multidimensional Modelling of Image Quality | |
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| MDS Modelling of Continuous Data | |
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| Maximum-Likelihood (ML) Optimization | |
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| Power-Like Data Transformations | |
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| Non-Metric Data | |
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| Maximum-Likelihood Parameter Estimation | |
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| Graphical User Interface to XGms | |
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| Examples of Continuous Data Analysis | |
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| Coded Images | |
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| Images with Blur and Noise | |
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| MDS Modelling of Discrete Data | |
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| Thurstone Modelling of Attribute Data | |
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| ML Optimization for a Single Attribute | |
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| ML Optimization in MDS | |
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| Ordinal Regression and Instrumental Models | |
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| Chi-Squared Statistics | |
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| Examples of Discrete Data Analysis | |
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| Stimulus Configurations | |
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| Ordinal Regression of Attribute Scores | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discrete Periodic Signals and Fourier Transformations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| One-dimensional Signal Transformations | |
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| Periodic and Discrete Signals | |
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| Canonical Basis | |
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| Fourier Basis | |
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| Convolution | |
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| Fourier Transformations and Fourier Series | |
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| Lattices | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Reciprocal Lattice | |
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| Multi-dimensional Signal Transformations | |
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| Periodic and Discrete Signals | |
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| Canonical Basis | |
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| Fourier Basis | |
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| Convolution | |
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| Fourier Transformations and Fourier Series | |
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| Image Sampling and Interpolation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Sampling of Periodic Signals | |
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| Sampling with Test Functions | |
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| Dual Basis of a Repetitive Basis | |
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| Comparing Original and Interpolated Signals | |
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| Quadratic Error Criterium | |
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| Fourier Transformation of an Interpolated Signal | |
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| Inverse Operators | |
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| Gaussian Functions | |
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| B-splines | |
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| Perceptual Assessment | |
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| Experimental Set-Up | |
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| Experiment 1 - Effect of Interpolation Filter | |
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| Experiment 2 - Effect of Sampling Filter | |
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| Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of the Human Visual System | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Eye - Optical Transfer Function (OTF) | |
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| Optics of the Human Eye | |
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| Small-Angle and Large-Angle OTF | |
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| Wavelength-Dependent OTF | |
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| Color Coordinate Transformations | |
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| Contrast Sensitivity Function (CSF) | |
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| Detection of Counterphase Gratings | |
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| Detection of Drifting Gratings | |
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| Detection of Static Gratings | |
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| Detection of Colored Gratings | |
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| CIELAB Extensions | |
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| Asymmetric Color Matching | |
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| S-CIELAB | |
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| Optimizing Sampling Structures | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Sampling Lattice Optimization | |
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| Periodic Structures | |
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| Still Images | |
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| Image Sequences | |
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| Display Function Optimization | |
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| Display Functions | |
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| Threshold Visibility | |
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| Impairment Model | |
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| Sampling Function Optimization | |
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| Image Quantization | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Quantization with Bounded Distortion | |
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| Distortion Measures | |
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| Quantizer Design | |
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| Companding | |
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| Statistical Quantization | |
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| Uniform Quantization | |
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| Quantization Error | |
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| Quantizer Output | |
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| Correlated Quantization Errors | |
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| Dithering | |
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| Ordered Dithering | |
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| Noise Dithering | |
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| Error Diffusion | |
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| Experimental Comparison | |
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| Quantization of Color Images | |
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| Double-Ended Instrumental Models of Image Quality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Instrumental Dissimilarity Measures | |
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| Sarnoff Model | |
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| Simplified Sarnoff Model | |
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| Simple Distance Measures | |
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| Performance of Double-Ended Measures | |
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| Experimental Data | |
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| Comparison Methods | |
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| Instrumental Measures versus Experimental Data | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Single-Ended Instrumental Models of Image Quality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Computational Approach | |
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| Feature Detection | |
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| Residue Energy | |
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| Energy and Amplitude Histograms | |
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| Energy Maxima | |
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| Edge Parameter Estimation | |
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| Two-Dimensional Hermite Transformation | |
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| One-Dimensional Hermite Transformation | |
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| Composite Edges | |
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| Summary Model | |
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| Images with Correlated Noise | |
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| Images with Noise and Blur | |
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| JPEG-Coded Images | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |