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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Adam Curle and the emergence of peace as a subject for academic study | |
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| The emergence of peace as a subject for academic study | |
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| A peace activist in the making | |
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| Love in danger | |
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| Psychological aspects of war and peace | |
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| Is conflict an inevitable part of human relations? | |
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| Transforming conflictual relations: the evolution within conflict resolution theory. from addressing conflict with 'top down' interventions to include the facilitation of relational change at 'grassroots' levels | |
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| The influence of psychology in conflict resolution theory: effecting relational change | |
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| Evolving links between psychotherapy and peacemaking | |
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| The influence of psychology in peace theory: peaceful and unpeaceful relations | |
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| The dynamics and profess of conflict | |
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| The causes of unpeaceful relations and the psychological processes that contribute to the development or perpetuation of conflict | |
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| Perceptions and attitudes | |
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| Education as an agent for psychological change in peacemaking: challenging and changing group norms | |
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| Circumstances which may lead to unpeacefulness | |
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| Psychological effects of war: loss, bereavement and trauma | |
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| Table: Aspects of loss following war | |
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| Recovery from the trauma of captivity: Adam Curle's work with the rehabilitation of former prisoners of war | |
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| Posttraumatic stress: conceptual evolution, symptoms, psychological and social effects, and approaches to treatment | |
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| Hysteria: beginnings in the study of traumatic stress | |
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| The concepts of 'shell shock' and 'traumatic neurosis' | |
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| Posttraumatic stress and the development of the diagnostic criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | |
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| The current criteria for PTSD | |
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| Samuel Pepys - a case of posttraumatic stress? | |
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| Cultural aspects of the syndrome of PTSD | |
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| Psychophysiological and somatic effects of traumatic stress | |
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| Human reaction to stress and the normal recovery pattern | |
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| Psychophysiological effects of trauma | |
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| Somatic effects of the posttraumatic stress syndrome | |
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| Effects of posttraumatic stress on children and families | |
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| Children under seven | |
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| Children over seven | |
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| Adolescents and young people of 16-18 | |
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| Complex posttraumatic stress | |
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| Anxiety and depression: conditions associated with posttraumatic stress | |
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| Burn out and compassion fatigue | |
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| Vulnerability and risk factors for PTSD | |
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| Preparation and 'stress inoculation' | |
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| Positive aspects of trauma: creative casualities and posttraumatic growth | |
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| Self perception | |
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| Changed relationships with others | |
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| Spiritual growth | |
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| Liminality | |
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| Comments on the foundations of western psychiatry and mental health care, focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of trauma | |
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| War and Peace: Osijek, Vukovar, Zupanja, Croatia and the five projects taking part in the case study | |
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| Experiences of the 1991-1995 War in Eastern Slavonia | |
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| Vukovar | |
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| Osijek | |
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| Zupanja | |
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| Eastern Slavonia: post conflict recovery | |
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| Centar za mir | |
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| Bench We Share | |
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| Dodir nade (Touch of Hope) | |
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| Mir i dobro (Peace and Good) | |
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| Coalition for Work with Psychotrauma and Peace (CWWPP) | |
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| Psychological interventions for the treatment of posttraumatic stress in Croatia after the 1991-95 war | |
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| Trauma treatment: practice regulation, ethics and training | |
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| Commonly used therapeutic approaches | |
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| Resources for trauma treatment in Eastern Slavonia | |
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| Case study in trauma, therapy and conflict: the views of the five focus groups from Croatia | |
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| The context of the focus group discussions | |
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| Reflections on gathering, presentation and analysis of the research data | |
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| Views of the focus groups considered in the context of earlier research on peacemaking and posttraumatic stress | |
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| Responses to the following research questions: | |
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| Have there been any psychological consequences of the war for people in your local community, and if so what are they? | |
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| Are there any therapeutic interventions currently offered to heal the psychological effects of war? If so what are they and by whom are they offered? Are there any therapeutic interventions not currently available that, in your opinion, would benefit your community? | |
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| Based on your experience, in what ways would you say that your local community is peaceful or unpeaceful? | |
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| Are there any conditions necessary to generate and / or sustain peace? | |
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| In your opinion, what blocks do you see to making or sustaining peace? | |
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| In your opinion, does therapy to alleviate the psychological effects of war have a role in making or sustaining peace? | |
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| What kind of therapeutic interventions, if any, would you see as helpful in building peace in this community, and why? | |
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| In your opinion, are there any other activities that may be helpful in building peace in the community? | |
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| The relationship of trauma, conflict, therapy and peacemaking: taking Adam Curle's approach forward | |
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| Psychological suffering: how useful are the definitions and measurements of psychiatric illness in the context of the psychological effects of war? | |
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| Complex psychological and physiological reactions to the trauma of war | |
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| Depression and the emotional numbing of posttraumatic stress | |
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| Psychological arousal of posttraumatic stress: intrusive memories | |
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| Physiological effects of posttraumatic stress | |
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| Post-war restoration and rehabilitation in Eastern Slavonia | |
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| Coping with memories from the past | |
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| The unrecognised needs of children in the community | |
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| 'Post-war syndrome': collective suffering and community healing | |
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| The silent war: perceptions of peacefulness and unpeacefulness in Eastern Slavonia, considered in the context of Curle's theory of peacemaking | |
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| Adam Curle's view of active peacemaking: effecting structural and cultural change for peace | |
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| Table: Impact of Curle's social conditions for peace and psychological change on Galtung's 'Conflict triangle' of the causes of conflict | |
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| The restoration of human rights | |
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| Public justice for war crimes and responsibility for past actions | |
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| Poem: Justice and Peace | |
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| Working towards economic recovery | |
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| Education for peace | |
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| Post-war syndrome | |
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| Table: Some aspects of post-war syndrome identified in case study | |
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| Transformation in the post-war syndrome: generating psychological change for peace | |
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| Transition from inner peace to outer action | |
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| Table: Transition from inner peace to outer action | |
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| Counteracting alienation and separation | |
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| Dispersing the Black Cloud: recognising and healing the psychological suffering of the post-war syndrome | |
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| Psycho-social work in building peace | |
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| Does talking about traumatic experiences help? | |
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| Reducing anxiety and mistrust in the community | |
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| Provision of formal and informal psychological help | |
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| Managing diversity and facilitating ethnic integration | |
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| Table: Process of ethnic integration in post-war syndrome peacebuilding | |
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| How much power and control should funders have? | |
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| Can non-professionals provide effective psychological assistance? | |
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| Potential contribution of an understanding of posttraumatic stress to the process of peace building | |
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| Positive effects of the post-war syndrome | |
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| Combating the social stigma of mental illness | |
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| Addressing the impact of PTSD on children and families | |
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| Further research in the pharmacological treatment of posttraumatic stress | |
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| Into the future: effecting psychological change for peace | |
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| Bibliography | |