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Preface | |
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Basic Concepts and Measures | |
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Statistics in the Research Process | |
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Ideas into Research Projects | |
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Concepts into Propositions | |
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Variables into Hypotheses | |
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Observations into Records | |
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Data into Numbers | |
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Statistical Analysis | |
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The General Linear Model | |
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Describing Variables | |
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Frequency Distributions for Discrete and Continuous Variables | |
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Grouped and Cumulative Distributions | |
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Graphing Frequency Distributions | |
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Measures of Central Tendency | |
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Measures of Dispersion | |
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Percentiles and Quantiles | |
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Standardized Scores (Z Scores) | |
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Exploratory Data Analysis Methods for Displaying Continuous Data | |
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Statistical Inference | |
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Making Statistical Inferences | |
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Drawing Inferences About Populations from Samples | |
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Some Basic Probability Concepts | |
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Chebycheff's Inequality Theorem | |
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The Normal Distribution | |
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The Central Limit Theorem | |
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Sample Point Estimates and Confidence Intervals | |
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The t Distribution | |
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Hypothesis Testing | |
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Testing Hypotheses About Single Means | |
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Properties of Estimators | |
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The Chi-Square and F Distributions | |
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Analyzing Bivariate Relationships | |
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Analysis of Variance | |
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The Logic of ANOVA | |
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ANOVA Tables: Sums of Squares, Mean Squares, F Ratio | |
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Tests for Two Means | |
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The Correlation Ratio: Eta-Squared | |
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Testing Differences Among Means (Post Hoc) | |
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Analyzing Categoric Data | |
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Bivariate Crosstabulation | |
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Using Chi-Square to Test Significance | |
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Measuring Association: Q, Phi, Gamma, Tau c, Somer's d[subscript yx] | |
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Odds and Odds Ratios | |
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Bivariate Regression and Correlation | |
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Scatterplots and Regression Lines | |
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Estimating a Linear Regression Equation | |
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R-Square and Correlation | |
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Significance Tests for Regression Parameters | |
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Standardizing Regression Coefficients | |
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Comparing Two Regression Equations | |
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Multivariate Models | |
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The Logic of Multivariate Contingency Analysis | |
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Controlling Additional Variables | |
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Controlling for a Third Variable in 2 x 2 Tables | |
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The Partial Correlation Coefficient | |
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Multiple Regression Analysis | |
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An Example of a Three-Variable Regression Problem | |
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The Three-Variable Regression Model | |
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Multiple Regression with K Independent Variables | |
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Significance Tests for Parameters | |
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Comparing Nested Equations | |
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Dummy Variable Regression: ANCOVA with Interactions | |
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Comparisons Across Populations | |
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Nonlinear and Logistic Regression | |
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Nonlinear Regression | |
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Dichotomous Dependent Variables | |
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The Logistic Transformation and Its Properties | |
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Estimating and Testing Logistic Regression Equations | |
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The Multinomial-Logit Model | |
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Advanced Topics | |
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Log-Linear Analysis | |
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Log-Linear Models for 2 x 2 Tables | |
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Log-Linear Models for Three-Variable Tables | |
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More Complex Models | |
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Special Topics in Log-Linear Analysis | |
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Causal Models and Path Analysis | |
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Causal Assumptions | |
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Causal Diagrams | |
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Path Analysis | |
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Structural Equation Models | |
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Review of Correlation and Covariance | |
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Reliability and Validity in Measurement Theory | |
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Factor Analysis | |
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Multiple-Indicator Casual Models | |
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Models with Ordered Indicators | |
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Appendices | |
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The Use of Summations | |
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Critical Values of Chi Square (table) | |
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Areas Under the Normal Curve (table) | |
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Student's t Distribution (table) | |
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F Distribution (table) | |
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Fisher's r-to-Z Transformation (table) | |
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Glossary of Terms | |
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List of Mathematical and Statistical Symbols | |
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Answers to Problems | |
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Index | |