| |
| |
| About the author | |
| |
| |
| Acknowledgements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Structure of the book | |
| |
| |
| The interviews and the focus group | |
| |
| |
| Introduction to data analysis | |
| |
| |
| Validity | |
| |
| |
| Definitions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Beginning the study | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Qualitative and quantitative research | |
| |
| |
| Mixed methods | |
| |
| |
| Critical research | |
| |
| |
| Induction and deduction | |
| |
| |
| Research designs | |
| |
| |
| Sampling | |
| |
| |
| Negotiating access | |
| |
| |
| Maximising response | |
| |
| |
| Forms of data collection | |
| |
| |
| Ethical issues | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Collecting and managing interview and focus group data | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Distinctive features of qualitative interviews | |
| |
| |
| Types of qualitative interview | |
| |
| |
| Modes of data collection | |
| |
| |
| Qualities of the qualitative interviewer | |
| |
| |
| Planning the interview and the interview guide | |
| |
| |
| Unplanned probes | |
| |
| |
| Planning a focus group | |
| |
| |
| Moderating a focus group | |
| |
| |
| Piloting for interviews and focus groups | |
| |
| |
| Recording and transcription of interview and focus group data | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| First stages of analysing interview data - making summaries and making comparisons | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Summarising interviews | |
| |
| |
| Summarising interviews: examples | |
| |
| |
| Summarising interviews: exercise | |
| |
| |
| The constant comparative method | |
| |
| |
| Reaching findings using the constant comparative method | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using codes to analyse an illustrative issue | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| identifying initial categories based on reading the transcripts | |
| |
| |
| |
| writing codes alongside the transcripts | |
| |
| |
| |
| reviewing the list of codes, revising the list of categories and deciding which codes should appear in which category Complete list of codes used in relation to reflective practice | |
| |
| |
| |
| looking for themes and findings in each category | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identifying conceptual themes and building theory | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of conceptual themes | |
| |
| |
| Two helpful tools for identifying conceptual themes | |
| |
| |
| Analysing a conceptual theme step by step | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Alternative approaches to analysing qualitative data | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Deductive coding and analysis | |
| |
| |
| Narrative analysis | |
| |
| |
| Discourse analysis | |
| |
| |
| Computer assisted qualitative data analysis (CAQDAS) | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Analysing focus group data | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Individual data analysis | |
| |
| |
| Group data analysis | |
| |
| |
| Avoiding reaching findings that lack validity | |
| |
| |
| Group interaction data analysis | |
| |
| |
| Combining analysis of the 'how' and the 'what' | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Writing about research (1) - methodology and findings | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Checking validity | |
| |
| |
| Reflexivity | |
| |
| |
| The methodology section | |
| |
| |
| Example of a methodology section | |
| |
| |
| Writing about qualitative findings | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| Writing about research (2) - making links to the literature | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| The literature review | |
| |
| |
| The role of the conclusion | |
| |
| |
| An example - writing the literature search and conclusion in relation to student employment | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Further reading | |
| |
| |
| |
| interview with Fern | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Index | |