| |
| |
| |
Arithmetic Needed for Dosage | |
| |
| |
Multiplying Whole Numbers | |
| |
| |
Dividing Whole Numbers | |
| |
| |
Fractions | |
| |
| |
Types of Fractions | |
| |
| |
Multiplying Fractions | |
| |
| |
Dividing Fractions | |
| |
| |
Changing Fractions to Decimals | |
| |
| |
Decimals | |
| |
| |
Reading Decimals | |
| |
| |
Dividing Decimals | |
| |
| |
Clearing the Divisor of Decimal Points | |
| |
| |
Rounding Off Decimals | |
| |
| |
Comparing the Value of Decimals | |
| |
| |
Percent | |
| |
| |
Percents That Are Whole Numbers | |
| |
| |
Percents That Are Decimals | |
| |
| |
Percents That Are Fractions | |
| |
| |
Ratio and Proportion | |
| |
| |
Solving Proportions With an Unknown | |
| |
| |
Proportions Expressed as Decimals | |
| |
| |
Proportions Expressed as Two Ratios Separated by Colons | |
| |
| |
Ratio and Proportion in Dosage | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Interpreting the Language of Prescriptions | |
| |
| |
Time of Administration of Drugs | |
| |
| |
Military Time: The 24-Hour Clock | |
| |
| |
Routes of Administration | |
| |
| |
Metric and SI Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Apothecary Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Household Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Terms and Abbreviations for Drug Preparations | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Drug Labels and Packaging | |
| |
| |
Drug Labels | |
| |
| |
Drug Packaging | |
| |
| |
Unit-Dose Packaging | |
| |
| |
Multidose Packaging | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Metric, Apothecary, and Household Systems of Measurement | |
| |
| |
Metric System | |
| |
| |
Measures of Weight | |
| |
| |
Weight Equivalents | |
| |
| |
Converting Solid Equivalents | |
| |
| |
Apothecary System | |
| |
| |
Apothecary Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Solid Apothecary Measure-The Grain | |
| |
| |
Solid Equivalents-Apothecary and Metric | |
| |
| |
Household System | |
| |
| |
Household Measures | |
| |
| |
Metric Liquid Measures | |
| |
| |
Liquid Apothecary Measures | |
| |
| |
Conversions Among Liquid Measures | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Drug Preparations and Equipment to Measure Doses | |
| |
| |
Drug Preparations | |
| |
| |
Oral Route | |
| |
| |
Parenteral Route | |
| |
| |
Topical Route | |
| |
| |
Equipment to Measure Doses | |
| |
| |
Medicine Cup | |
| |
| |
Syringes | |
| |
| |
Rounding Off Numbers in Liquid Dosage Answers | |
| |
| |
Needles for Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Injections | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Calculation of Oral Medications- Solids and Liquids | |
| |
| |
Proportion Expressed as Two Fractions | |
| |
| |
Proportion Expressed as Two Ratios | |
| |
| |
Formula Method | |
| |
| |
Oral Solids | |
| |
| |
Application of the Rule for Oral Solids | |
| |
| |
Formula Method: Clearing Decimals | |
| |
| |
Special Types of Oral Solid Orders | |
| |
| |
Oral Liquids | |
| |
| |
Application of the Rule for Oral Liquids | |
| |
| |
Special Types of Oral Liquid Orders | |
| |
| |
Mental Drill for Oral Solid and Liquid Problems | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Liquids for Injection | |
| |
| |
Calculating Injection Problems | |
| |
| |
3-mL Syringe | |
| |
| |
1-mL Precision Syringe | |
| |
| |
Special Types of Problems in Injections from a Liquid | |
| |
| |
When Supply Is a Ratio | |
| |
| |
When Supply Is a Percent | |
| |
| |
Insulin Injections | |
| |
| |
Types of Insulin | |
| |
| |
Types of Insulin Syringes | |
| |
| |
Preparing an Injection Using an Insulin Syringe | |
| |
| |
Mixing Two Insulins in One Syringe | |
| |
| |
Injections from Powders | |
| |
| |
Application of the Rule for Injections from Powders | |
| |
| |
Distinctive Features of Injections from Powders | |
| |
| |
Where to Find Information About Reconstitution of Powders | |
| |
| |
Critical Thinking: Test Your Clinical Savvy | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Calculation of Basic IV Drip Rates | |
| |
| |
Types of Intravenous Fluids | |
| |
| |
Kinds of Intravenous Drip Factors | |
| |
| |
Infusion Pumps | |
| |
| |
Labeling IVs | |
| |
| |
Calculating Basic IV Drip Rates | |
| |
| |
Application of the Rule | |
| |
| |
Determining Hours an IV Will Run | |
| |
| |
Choosing the Infusion Set | |
| |
| |
Need for Continuous Observation | |
| |
| |
Adding Medications to IVs | |
| |
| |
Medications Ordered Over Several Hours | |
| |
| |
Medications for Intermittent Intravenous Administration | |
| |
| |
Explanation | |
| |
| |
Admixture IVs | |
| |
| |
Changing the Intravenous Drip Rate | |
| |
| |
Recording Intake | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Special Types of Intravenous Calculations | |
| |
| |
Medications Ordered in Units/hr or mg/hr | |
| |
| |
Units/hr-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
mg/hr, g/hr-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
mg/min-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Medications Ordered in mcg/min, mcg/kg/min, or Milliunits/min | |
| |
| |
mcg/min-Rule and Calculations | |
| |
| |
mcg/kg/min-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Milliunits/min-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Body Surface Nomogram | |
| |
| |
m[superscript 2]-Rule and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Patient-Controlled Analgesia | |
| |
| |
Critical Thinking: Test Your Clinical Savvy | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Dosage Problems for Infants and Children | |
| |
| |
Dosage Based on mg/kg and Body Surface Area | |
| |
| |
Converting Ounces to Pounds | |
| |
| |
Converting Pounds to Kilograms | |
| |
| |
Steps and Rule-mg/kg Body Weight | |
| |
| |
Determining BSA in m[superscript 2] | |
| |
| |
Steps and Rule-m[superscript 2] Medication Orders | |
| |
| |
Administering Intravenous Medications | |
| |
| |
General Guidelines for Continuous IV Medications | |
| |
| |
Critical Thinking: Test Your Clinical Savvy | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis | |
| |
| |
Oral Solid Medication Equation and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Oral Liquid Medication Equation and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Parenteral Liquid Medication Equation and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Insulin Equation and Calculation | |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis Method With Equivalency Conversions | |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis Method With Weight-Based Calculations | |
| |
| |
Calculation of Medications Based on BSA | |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis Method With Reconstitution of Medications | |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis Method With Calculation of Intravenous Fluids | |
| |
| |
Dimensional Analysis Method With Advanced Intravenous Calculations | |
| |
| |
Calculating mL/hr | |
| |
| |
Calculating mg/hr or Units/hr | |
| |
| |
Calculating mL/hr for Drugs Ordered in mg or mcg/min | |
| |
| |
Calculating mL/hr for Drugs Ordered in mcg/kg/min | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Information Basic to Administering Drugs | |
| |
| |
Drug Knowledge | |
| |
| |
Generic and Trade Names | |
| |
| |
Classification | |
| |
| |
Pregnancy Category | |
| |
| |
Dosage and Route | |
| |
| |
Action | |
| |
| |
Indications | |
| |
| |
Side and Adverse Effects | |
| |
| |
Contraindications and Precautions | |
| |
| |
Interactions and Incompatibilities | |
| |
| |
Nursing Implications | |
| |
| |
Signs of Effectiveness | |
| |
| |
Patient Teaching | |
| |
| |
Pharmacokinetics | |
| |
| |
Absorption | |
| |
| |
Distribution | |
| |
| |
Biotransformation | |
| |
| |
Excretion | |
| |
| |
Tolerance | |
| |
| |
Cumulation | |
| |
| |
Half-Life | |
| |
| |
Legal Considerations | |
| |
| |
Criminal Law | |
| |
| |
Civil Law | |
| |
| |
Ethical Principles in Drug Administration | |
| |
| |
Autonomy | |
| |
| |
Truthfulness | |
| |
| |
Beneficence | |
| |
| |
Nonmaleficence | |
| |
| |
Confidentiality | |
| |
| |
Justice | |
| |
| |
Fidelity | |
| |
| |
Specific Points That May Be Helpful in Giving Medications | |
| |
| |
Three Checks and Five Rights | |
| |
| |
Medication Orders | |
| |
| |
Knowledge Base | |
| |
| |
Medication Safety | |
| |
| |
Oral Medications-Tablets and Capsules | |
| |
| |
Liquid Medications | |
| |
| |
Giving Medications | |
| |
| |
Charting | |
| |
| |
Evaluation | |
| |
| |
Error in Medication | |
| |
| |
Critical Thinking: Test Your Clinical Savvy | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Administration Procedures | |
| |
| |
Universal or Standard Precautions Applied to Administration of Medications | |
| |
| |
General Safeguards in Administering Medications | |
| |
| |
Systems of Administration | |
| |
| |
Ticket System | |
| |
| |
Mobile Cart System | |
| |
| |
Computer Printouts | |
| |
| |
Routes of Administration | |
| |
| |
Oral Route | |
| |
| |
Parenteral Route | |
| |
| |
Administering Injections | |
| |
| |
Application to Skin and Mucous Membrane | |
| |
| |
Special Considerations | |
| |
| |
Neonatal and Pediatric Considerations | |
| |
| |
Geriatric Considerations | |
| |
| |
Critical Thinking: Test Your Clinical Savvy | |
| |
| |
Answers to Self Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Proficiency Test Answers | |
| |
| |
Glossary | |
| |
| |
Index | |