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| Preface to the Seventh Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| The History of Headache | |
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| Recording the Patient's Case History | |
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| Age of Onset | |
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| Frequency and Duration of Headaches | |
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| Time of Onset | |
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| Mode of Onset | |
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| Early Warning Symptoms | |
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| Aura | |
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| Characteristics of Headache | |
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| Site and Radiation of Pain | |
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| Quality | |
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| Associated Symptoms | |
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| Precipitating Factors | |
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| Aggravating Factors | |
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| Relieving Factors | |
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| Previous Treatment | |
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| General Health | |
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| System Review | |
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| Past Health | |
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| Family History | |
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| Personal Background | |
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| Occupation | |
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| Personal or Family Problems | |
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| Habits | |
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| Emotional State | |
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| Types of Headache | |
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| Diagnosis Based on the History | |
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| Age of Onset | |
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| Frequency and Duration of Headaches | |
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| Time of Onset | |
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| Mode of Onset | |
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| Site | |
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| Quality | |
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| Associated Phenomena | |
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| Precipitating or Aggravating Factors | |
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| Relieving Factors | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Physical Examination | |
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| General Appearance | |
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| Mental State | |
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| Speech | |
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| Skull | |
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| Spine | |
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| Gait and Stance | |
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| Special Senses | |
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| Other Cranial Nerves | |
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| Motor System | |
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| Sensory System | |
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| Sphincters and Sexual Functions | |
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| General Examination | |
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| Migraine: Varieties | |
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| Definition | |
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| Phases of Migraine | |
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| Premonitory Symptoms | |
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| Headache | |
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| Resolution | |
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| Variations on the Theme of Migraine | |
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| Hemiplegic Migraine | |
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| Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood | |
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| Basilar-Type Migraine | |
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| Childhood Periodic Syndromes in the IHS Classification | |
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| Migrainous Vertigo in Adults | |
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| Retinal Migraine and Monocular Blindness | |
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| Complications of Migraine | |
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| Chronic Migraine | |
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| Status Migrainosus | |
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| Persistent Aura Without Infarction | |
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| Migrainous Infarction | |
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| Migraine-Triggered Seizures | |
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| Other Entities Related to Migraine | |
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| Recurrent Neck Pain | |
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| Cardiac Migraine | |
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| Migraine Stupor | |
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| Acute Confusional Migraine | |
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| Transient Global Amnesia | |
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| Migraine: Clinical Aspects | |
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| The Extent of the Problem | |
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| Prevalence | |
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| Morbidity and Economic Impact | |
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| The Patient with Migraine | |
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| Sex and Age Distribution | |
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| Genetic Background: The Family History | |
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| "Migraine Personality" | |
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| Mental and Emotional Factors | |
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| Migraine and Allergy | |
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| Migraine and Epilepsy | |
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| Features of the Migraine Attack | |
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| Precipitating Factors | |
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| Physical Examination | |
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| Differential Diagnosis and Investigation | |
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| Electroencephalography | |
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| Brain Imaging and Cerebral Angiography | |
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| Electromyography | |
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| Natural History and Prognosis | |
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| Migraine: Pathophysiology | |
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| The Predisposition-A Migrainous Brain | |
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| Genetic Factors | |
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| Magnesium Deficiency | |
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| Excitatory Amino Acids | |
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| Neurophysiologic Changes | |
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| The Hypothalamo-Pituitary Axis and Dopaminergic Transmission | |
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| Opioids and the Endogenous Pain-Control System | |
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| Vascular Reactivity | |
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| The Trigger-Initiation of the Migraine Attack | |
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| The Migrainous Aura | |
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| The Source of Pain in Migraine | |
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| Pain-Producing Structures | |
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| Pain from Other Extracranial Structures | |
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| An Attempted Synthesis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Migraine: Treatment | |
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| General (Nonpharmaceutical) Methods of Treatment | |
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| Psychological Management | |
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| Physiological Management (Relaxation and Biofeedback) | |
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| Transcendental Meditation and Hypnotherapy | |
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| Acupuncture | |
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| Exercise | |
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| Prevention of Salt and Water Retention | |
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| Elimination Diets | |
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| Spinal Manipulation | |
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| Surgical Procedures | |
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| Pharmacotherapy | |
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| Agents Used in the Treatment of Acute Attacks | |
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| Specific Treatments of Acute Migraine Attacks | |
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| Nonspecific Treatments of Acute Migraine Attacks | |
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| Agents Used for Prophylactic (Interval) Therapy | |
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| The Practical Management of Migraine | |
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| Pre-emptive Treatment | |
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| Treatment of the Acute Attack | |
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| Prophylactic Therapy for Frequent Migraine Attacks | |
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| Migrainous Auras (Migrainous Equivalents) | |
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| Menstrual Migraine and Pregnancy | |
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| Migraine in Childhood | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Tension-Type Headache | |
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| Clinical Features of Tension-Type Headache | |
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| Prevalence, Age, and Sex Distribution | |
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| Morbidity and Economic Impact | |
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| Family History | |
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| Past Health | |
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| Site of Headache | |
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| Quality of Headache | |
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| Time and Mode of Onset | |
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| Frequency and Duration | |
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| Associated Phenomena | |
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| Underlying Precipitating, Aggravating, and Relieving Factors | |
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| Physical Examination | |
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| Pathophysiology | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Psychologic Management | |
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| Physiologic Management: Relaxation and Biofeedback | |
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| Pharmacologic Management | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Chronic Daily Headache | |
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| Classification and Prevalence of Chronic Daily Headache | |
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| Tension-Type Headache or Migraine? | |
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| Overuse of Medications: Cause or Consequence of Chronic Daily Headache? | |
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| Pathophysiology of Chronic Daily Headache | |
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| Treatment of Chronic Daily Headache | |
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| What Is the Most Effective Preventive Treatment? | |
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| Hemicrania Continua | |
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| Historical Note | |
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| Epidemiology | |
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| Clinical Features | |
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| Differential Diagnosis | |
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| Investigations | |
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| Treatment | |
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| New Daily Persistent Headache | |
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| Cluster Headache and Other Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgias | |
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| Cluster Headache | |
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| Definition | |
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| Nomenclature | |
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| Prevalence | |
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| Varieties of Cluster Headache | |
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| Clinical Features | |
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| Past History and Associated Disorders | |
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| Genetic Background | |
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| The Cluster Headache Personality | |
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| Pathophysiology | |
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| General Conclusions About the Clinical Features and Pathophysiology of Cluster Headache | |
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| Investigation | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Abortive Agents | |
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| Preventive Treatments | |
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| Serotonergic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists | |
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| Corticosteroids | |
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| Other Agents | |
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| Greater Occipital Nerve Blockade | |
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| Surgery | |
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| Paroxysmal Hemicrania | |
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| Historical Note | |
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| Epidemiology | |
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| Classification | |
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| Clinical Features | |
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| Management | |
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| Natural History and Prognosis | |
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| Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks with Conjunctival Injection and Tearing (SUNCT Syndrome) | |
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| Historical Note | |
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| Epidemiology | |
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| Pathophysiology | |
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| Clinical Features | |
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| Secondary SUNCT | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Natural History | |
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| Other Syndromes Possibly Related to Cluster Headache | |
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| Overview | |
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| Other Primary Headaches and Distinction from Those with Structural Cause | |
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| The Exploding Head Syndrome | |
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| Primary Stabbing Headache | |
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| Ice-Pick Pains | |
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| Jabs and Jolts Syndrome | |
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| Ophthalmodynia | |
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| Cough Headache | |
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| Exertional Headache | |
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| Headache Associated with Sexual Activity | |
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| Primary Hypnic Headache | |
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| Primary and Secondary Thunderclap Headache | |
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| Call-Fleming Syndrome | |
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| Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy | |
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| Headache as a Symptom of Epilepsy | |
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| Headaches Caused by Vasoactive Substances | |
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| Alcohol | |
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| Marijuana | |
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| Cocaine | |
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| Monosodium Glutamate: "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome" | |
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| Nitrites and Nitrates: "Hot Dog Headache" (Nitric Oxide Donor-Induced Headaches) | |
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| Histamine Headache | |
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| Rebound Headache-Nicotine and Caffeine | |
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| Peptide-Secreting Tumors | |
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| Drug-Induced Headaches | |
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| Headache Associated with Systemic Infections | |
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| Metabolic Causes of Headache | |
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| Hypoxia and Hypercapnia | |
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| Sleep Apnea | |
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| Mountain Sickness | |
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| Hypoglycemia | |
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| Headache During Hemodialysis | |
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| Headache Following Epileptic Seizures | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Post-Traumatic Headache and Whiplash Injury | |
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| Incidence | |
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| Pathophysiology | |
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| Classification | |
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| Intracranial Vascular Headache | |
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| Extracranial Vascular Headache | |
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| Post-Traumatic Migraine | |
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| Post-Traumatic Dysautonomic Cephalalgia | |
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| Pain in the Neck and Occipital Region from Injury to the Upper Cervical Spine ("Whiplash" Injury) | |
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| Muscle Contraction (Tension) Headache | |
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| Other Post-Traumatic Headaches | |
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| Psychologic Aspect | |
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| Litigation | |
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| Prognosis | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Postcraniotomy Headache | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Vascular Disorders | |
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| Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease | |
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| Transient Ischemic Attacks | |
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| Thromboembolic Stroke | |
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| Intracranial Hematoma | |
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| Intracerebral Hematoma | |
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| Subdural and Extradural Hematoma | |
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| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | |
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| Unruptured Aneurysm or Vascular Malformation | |
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| Vasculitis | |
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| Giant-Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis) | |
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| Carotid or Vertebral Artery Pain | |
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| Carotid or Vertebral Dissection | |
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| Carotidynia | |
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| Postendarterectomy Headache | |
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| Venous Thrombosis | |
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| Increased Venous Pressure | |
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| Arterial Hypertension | |
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| Pressor Reactions | |
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| Pituitary Apoplexy | |
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| Nonvascular Intracranial Disorders | |
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| High Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure | |
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| Internal (Obstructive) Hydrocephalus | |
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| Communicating Hydrocephalus | |
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| Cerebral Edema | |
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| Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Benign Intracranial Hypertension) | |
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| Low Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure | |
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| Postlumbar Puncture Headache | |
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| Other Low-Pressure Syndromes | |
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| Intracranial Infection | |
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| Headache Associated with Intrathecal Injections | |
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| Intracranial Granuloma | |
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| Sarcoidosis | |
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| Intracranial Tumors | |
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| Pituitary Tumors | |
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| Disorders of the Neck, Cranial, and Extracranial Structures | |
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| Cranium | |
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| Neck | |
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| Upper Cervical Syndrome | |
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| Whiplash Injury | |
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| Third Occipital Nerve Headache | |
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| Cervicogenic Headache | |
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| "Cervical Migraine" | |
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| Occipital Neuralgia | |
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| Headache with Cervical Spinal Cord Lesions | |
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| Eyes | |
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| Ears, Nose, Sinuses, and Throat | |
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| Teeth | |
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| Temporomandibular Joint Disease | |
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| Red Ear Syndrome | |
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| Cranial Neuralgias and Central Causes of Facial Pain | |
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| Trigeminal Neuralgia | |
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| Clinical Features | |
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| Etiology | |
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| Neurophysiology | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia | |
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| Nervus Intermedius Neuralgia | |
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| Superior Laryngeal Neuralgia | |
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| Neuralgias of Terminal Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve | |
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| Supraorbital Neuralgia | |
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| Nasociliary Neuralgia | |
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| Other Terminal Branch Neuralgias | |
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| Nummular Headache | |
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| Occipital Neuralgia | |
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| Neck-Tongue Syndrome | |
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| External Compression | |
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| Exposure to Cold | |
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| Ice-Cream Headache | |
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| Structural Lesions Compressing, Irritating, or Distorting Cranial Nerves or Upper Cervical Roots | |
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| Raeder's Paratrigeminal Neuralgia | |
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| Gradenigo's Syndrome | |
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| Optic Neuritis | |
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| Ocular Diabetic Neuropathy | |
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| Postherpetic Neuralgia | |
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| Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome | |
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| Ophthalmoplegic Migraine | |
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| Central Causes of Facial Pain | |
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| Anesthesia Dolorosa | |
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| Central Poststroke Pain | |
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| Multiple Sclerosis | |
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| Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain | |
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| Burning Mouth Syndrome | |
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| Neuralgias of Uncertain Validity | |
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| Sluder's Sphenopalatine Neuralgia | |
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| Vail's Vidian Neuralgia | |
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| Eagle's Syndrome | |
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| The Investigation and General Management of Headache | |
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| Differential Diagnosis | |
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| The Acute Severe Headache | |
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| The Subacute Onset of Headache | |
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| Recurrent Discrete Episodes of Headache or Facial Pain | |
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| Chronic Headache or Facial Pain (More Than 1 Year Duration) | |
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| Investigation | |
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| Blood Count and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | |
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| Plain X-rays | |
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| Computed Tomography | |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
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| Carotid and Vertebral Angiography | |
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| Electroencephalography | |
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| Lumbar Puncture | |
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| Cerebrospinal Fluid Isotope Studies | |
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| General Principles of Management | |
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| An Explanation for Patients of Hyperventilation and Anxiety Attacks | |
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| Relaxation Exercises: Instructions for Patients with Migraine or Tension-Type Headaches | |
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| Index | |