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Physiological Ecology How Animals Process Energy, Nutrients, and Toxins

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ISBN-10: 0691074534

ISBN-13: 9780691074535

Edition: 2007

Authors: William H. Karasov, Carlos Mart�nez del Rio, Carlos Mart�nez del Rio

List price: $120.00
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Description:

After introducing primary concepts, the authors review the chemical ecology of food and then discuss how animals digest and process food. This broad overview includes symbioses and extends even to ecosystem phenomena such as ecological stochiometry and toxicant biomagnification.
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Book details

List price: $120.00
Copyright year: 2007
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 8/5/2007
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 744
Size: 8.07" wide x 10.43" long x 1.83" tall
Weight: 4.290
Language: English

Preface
Acknowledgments
Overview
Basic Concepts: Budgets, Allometry, Temperature, and The Imprint of History
The Input/Output Budget: A Key Conceptual Framework
The Importance of Size: Scaling of Physiological and Ecological Traits
The Importance of Temperature
Using Historical Data in Comparative Studies
Chemical Ecology Of Food
The Chemistry and Biology of Food
Getting Started; First Catch (Store and Prepare) the Hare
Proximate Nutrient Analysis
Dietary Fiber
Carbohydrates
Amino Acids and Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Secondary Metabolites
Words of Encouragement
Digestive Ecology
Food Intake and Utilization Efficiency
Overview of Section III: Why Study Digestion?
Digestive Efficiency Is Inversely Related to "Fiber" Content
Both Digestion Rate and Digestive Efficiency Are Key Nutritional Variables
Daily Food Intake: Energy Maximization or Regulation?
Simple Guts: The Ecological Biochemistry and Physiology of Catalytic Digestion
Lots of Guts, But Only a Few Basic Types
The Gut as a Bottleneck to Energy Flow
The Gut in Energy Intake Maximizers
Intermittent Feeders
The Gut in Diet Switchers
The Evolutionary Match between Digestion, Diets, and Animal Energetics
Summary: The Interplay between Digestive Physiology and Ecology
Photosynthetic Animals and Gas-Powered Mussels: The Physiological Ecology of Nutritional Symbioses
A Symbiotic World
A Diversity of Nutritional Symbioses
Hot Vents and Cold Seeps: Chemolithotrophs of the Deep Sea
The Importance of Nitrogen in Nutritional Symbioses
Digestive Symbioses: How Insect and Vertebrate Herbivores Cope with Low Quality Plant Foods
Fermentation of Cell Wall Materials
Microbial Fermentation in Insect Guts
Terrestrial Vertebrates
Herbivory and Detritivory in Fish
The Ecology Of Postabsorptive Nutrient Processing
Postabsorptive Processing of Nutrients
Overview: The Postabsorptive Fate of Absorbed Materials
Controls over Postabsorptive Processing
Costs of Digestive and Postabsorptive Processing
Feast and Famine: The Biochemistry of Natural Fasting and Starvation
Biochemical Indices of Nutritional Status and Habitat Quality
Isotopic Ecology
Basic Principles
Mixing Models
Isotopic Signatures
The Dynamics of Isotopic Incorporation
Stable Isotopes and Migration
Nitrogen Isotopes
Concluding Remarks and (Yet Again) a Call for Laboratory Experiments
How Animals Deal with Poisons and Pollutants
Overview: The Postabsorptive Fate of Absorbed Xenobiotics
Distribution of Xenobiotics in the Body
Biotransformation of Absorbed Xenobiotics
Elimination of Xenobiotics and Their Metabolites
Costs of Xenobiotic Biotransformation and Elimination
Modeling Approaches Can Integrate the Processes of Absorption, Distribution, and Elimination (Including Biotransformation and Excretion)
Models Can Predict Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification in Ecosystems
Postingestional Effects of Xenobiotics on Feeding Behavior
Toxic Effects of Xenobiotics in Wild Animals
Toxicogenomics: New Methodologies for the Integrative Study of Exposure, Postabsorptive Processing, and Toxicity in Animals Exposed to