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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Measurement of Utility and Arrow's Theorem | |
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| The Measurability and Comparability of Utility | |
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| The Arrow Impossibility Theorem | |
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| Reformulation of the Impossibility Theorem with Utility Functions | |
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| The Connection between Arrovian Social Choice and Distributive Justice | |
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| Social Choice on Economic Environments | |
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| Conclusion Axiomatic Bargaining Theory | |
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| Justice as Rational Prudence | |
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| The Nash Bargaining Solution | |
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| Other Axiomatizations of the Nash Solution | |
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| The Kalai-Smorodinsky and Egalitarian Solutions | |
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| A Criticism from the Economic Point of View | |
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| Conclusion Axiomatic Mechanism Theory on Economic Environments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Domain of Economic Environments | |
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| Axioms and Theorems on Economic Environments | |
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| Proofs of Theorems | |
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| Naming Utility and Goods | |
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| Conclusion Utilitarianism | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Maskin's Theorem | |
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| The Representation Theorems of Harsanyi and Myerson | |
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| Utilitarianism from behind the Veil of Ignorance | |
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| An Implication for the Interpretation of Individual Optimization under Uncertainty | |
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| Optimal Population Size | |
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| Conclusion Primary Goods, Fundamental Preferences, and Functionings | |
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| Countering Utilitarianism | |
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| Primary Goods, Welfare, and Equality | |
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| Rawls's Arguments for Maximin (the Difference Principle) | |
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| The Cohen Criticism | |
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| Kolm's Fundamental Preferences | |
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| Functionings and Capability | |
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| Equality of Functionings or Primary Goods: An Alternative Approach | |
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| Conclusion Neo-Lockeanism and Self-Ownership | |
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| Nozick's Theory of Distributive Justice | |
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| Challenges to Nozick | |
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| Joint Ownership of the External World | |
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| Generalizations of Locke on Economic Environments | |
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| Implementation | |
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| The Morality of Self-Ownership | |
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| Conclusion Equality of Welfare versus Equality of Resources | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Dworkin on Equality of Welfare | |
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| Countering Dworkin's Central Argument against Equality of Welfare | |
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| Dworkin's Definition of Equality of Resources | |
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| An Axiomatic Approach to Equality of Resources | |
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| Conclusion Equality of Opportunity for Welfare | |
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| Relocating Dworkin's Cut, 1 | |
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| Relocating Dworkin's Cut, 2 | |
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| Equality of Opportunity: An Example | |
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| Equality of Opportunity: A Formalization | |
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| A Discrete Formulation of Equality of Opportunity | |
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| Examples of the EOp Mechanism | |
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| Related Approaches to Equality of Opportunity | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Appendix: Envy-Free Allocations | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |