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The Varieties of Scientific Experience | |
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The Savvy Research Student | |
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The Skeptical Consumer | |
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What Is Science? | |
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Recognizing Pseudoscience | |
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Neuroscience in the Service of Pseudoscience | |
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Tools of the Trade | |
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Rules to Help you Recognize Pseudoscience | |
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What Is the Scientific Method? | |
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Epistemology for Scientists | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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Ethics | |
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Research Ethics | |
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Fraud | |
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Plagiarism | |
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Ethics of Animal Use | |
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More, Please! | |
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Just the Facts: Animal Research in the United States | |
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Regulation of Animal Use | |
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Human Participants | |
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Respect for Persons | |
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Beneficence | |
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Justice | |
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General Ethical Considerations | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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Getting Started | |
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Picking a Question | |
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What Are the Big Questions? | |
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Influence of Dogma or Bias on Selecting Your Research Question | |
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Questions to Avoid | |
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Forming a Hypothesis | |
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Work With a Mentor | |
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Read, Read, Read! | |
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More, Please! | |
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Primary Versus Secondary Sources | |
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Narrow Your Focus | |
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What Makes a Good Hypothesis? | |
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More, Please! | |
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Model Versus Theory? | |
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Operationalizing Your Hypothesis | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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What Is an Experiment? | |
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Observational Studies | |
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More, Please! | |
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Scales of Measurement | |
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Case Studies | |
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More, Please! | |
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Double Dissociation | |
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The Experiment | |
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Independent-Samples Design | |
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Control of Other Variables | |
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Randomization | |
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Inferential Statistics | |
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Drawing a Sample From a Population | |
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Tools of the Trade | |
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Random Elements | |
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Testing the Null Hypothesis | |
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The Power of the Experiment: Inferring Cause and Effect | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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Controlling Extraneous Variables | |
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What Variables Need to Be Controlled? | |
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Controlling Subject Variables | |
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The Within-Subjects Design | |
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The Matched-Samples Design | |
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Attrition | |
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Assessing an Intervention for Reading Disability | |
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Placebo Controls | |
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Single- and Double-Blind Strudies | |
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Vehicle Controls and Sham Surgery | |
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Tools of the Trade | |
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A Few Special Concerns for Pharmacological Studies | |
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Controlling Order Effects: Counterbalancing | |
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Time-Series Design | |
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When Experiments Are Impossible: Quasi-Experiments | |
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Tools of the Trade | |
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The Design of fMRI Experiments | |
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Transgenic or Knockout Mice | |
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External Validity and Internal Validity | |
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More, Please! | |
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A Cautionary Tale | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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More Than One Predictor Variable: Factorial Designs | |
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Why Include More Than One Independent or Predictor Variable? | |
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Describing Factorial Designs | |
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Describing Results From Factorial Designs: Main Effects and Interactions | |
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Examples of 2 x 2 Factorial Experiments | |
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Example 1 | |
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Example 2 | |
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Other Designs With More Than One Independent Variable | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Research | |
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Web Resources | |
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Correlational Designs | |
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Designing a Correlational Study | |
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Scatterplots | |
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The Pearson Product Correlation Coefficient | |
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Cautions in Interpreting Results From Correlational Studies | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Web Resources | |
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Review of All Research Designs | |
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Check Your Understanding | |
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Think About It | |
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Web Resources | |
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Working With Your Data | |
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Writing a Research Paper | |
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Table of Random Numbers | |
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Review Questions and Exercises | |
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Glossary | |
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Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions | |
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References | |
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Index | |