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Rights | |
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Research Ethics and Informed Consent | |
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Classic Case Presentation: Jesse Gelsinger: The First Gene-Therapy Death | |
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Briefing Session | |
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Drug Testing | |
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The "Informed" Part of Informed Consent | |
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The "Consent" Part of Informed Consent | |
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Medical Research and Medical Therapy | |
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Financial Conflict of Interest | |
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Placebos and Research | |
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Therapeutic and Nontherapeutic Research | |
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Research Involving Children | |
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Research Involving Prisoners | |
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Research Involving the Poor | |
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Research Involving the Terminally Ill | |
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Research Involving Fetuses | |
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Research Involving Animals | |
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Women and Medical Research | |
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Summary | |
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Ethical Theories: Medical Research and Informed Consent | |
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Utilitarianism | |
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Kant | |
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Ross | |
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Natural Law | |
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Rawls | |
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Case Presentation: Baby Fae | |
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Social Context: Clinical Trials, HIV, and Pregnancy: A Third-World Tuskegee? Social Context: The Cold-War Radiation Experiments | |
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Case Presentation: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Experiments | |
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Case Presentation: Echoes of Willowbrook or Tuskegee? Experimenting with Children | |
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Case Presentation: The Use of Morally Tainted Sources: The Pernkopf Anatomy | |
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Readings | |
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Consent and Experimentation | |
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Phase I Cancer Trials: A Collusion of Misunderstanding | |
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Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects | |
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The Willowbrook Letters: Criticism and Defense | |
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Judgment on Willowbrook | |
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Physicians, Patients, and Others: Autonomy, Truth Telling, and Confidentiality | |
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Classic Case Presentation: Donald (Dax) Cowart Rejects Treatment - and Is Ignored | |
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Briefing Session | |
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Autonomy | |
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Paternalism | |
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State Paternalism in Medical and Health Care | |
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Personal Paternalism in Medical and Health Care | |
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Informed Consent and Medical Treatment | |
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Free and Informed Consent | |
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Parents and Children | |
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Pregnancy and Autonomy | |
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Truth Telling in Medicine | |
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Placebos | |
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Dignity and Consent | |
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Confidentiality (Privacy) | |
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Breaching Confidentiality | |
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Duty to Warn? Managed Care | |
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Federal Privacy Regulations | |
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Ethical Theories: Autonomy, Truth Telling, Confidentality | |
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Case Presentation: Medical ID Cards and Privacy | |
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Social Context: Autonomy and Pregnancy | |
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Case Presentation: The Death of Robyn Twitchell and Christian Science | |
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Readings | |
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Consent to Medical Treatment | |
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Gerald Dworkin: Paternalism | |
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Confronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? A Dialogue | |
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Transparency: Informed Consent in Primary Care | |
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Autonomy and Pregnancy | |
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Punishing Mothers | |
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Pregnancy and Prenatal Harm to Offspring | |
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Truth Telling | |
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On Telling Patients the Truth | |
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Respect for Patients, Physicians, and the Truth | |
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Confidentiality | |
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Confidentiality in Medicine--A Decrepit Concept | |
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Supreme Court of California: Decision in the Tarasoff Case | |
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Decision Scenarios | |
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HIV/AIDS | |
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Classic Case Presentation: The Way It Was: Tod Thompson, Dallas, 1993-1994 | |
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Briefing Session | |
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Combination Therapy: AIDS on the Run | |
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Decline in Death Rate | |
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Infection Rates | |
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Protease Inhibitors and Combination Drug Therapy | |
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Limits of the Therapy | |
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Best with New Infections | |
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Drug Resistance | |
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Virus Remains | |
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Costs | |
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Side Effects | |
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Difficult Regimen | |
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False Security | |
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Origin of the Aids Virus | |
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Spread of the Disease | |
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Children | |
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Deaths | |
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The Future | |
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Case Presentation: Will Teresa Blair Take Her Medicine? Social Context: What About A Vaccine? Social Context: AIDS in Africa: What Should Be Done? Readings | |
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Responsibility and Confidentiality | |
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The Irresponsibility that Spreads AIDS | |
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The Great Hijack | |
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Controlling AIDS/HIV Forever: Guidelines for Using Protease Inhibitors | |
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HIV Testing | |
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Bob Hunter and Jay Angoff: Insurers Are Right on AIDS Testing | |
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An Insidious Test for AIDS | |
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AIDS Trials in Africa | |
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Human Rights and Maternal-Fetal HIV Transmission | |
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Prevention Trials in Africa | |
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We're Trying to Help Our Sickest People, Not Exploit Them | |
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Decision Scenarios | |
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Race, Gender, and Medicine | |
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Classic Case Presentation: Bad Blood, Bad Faith: The Tuskegee Syphilis Study | |
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Briefing Session | |
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African Americans and Health Care | |
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Programs Haven't Eliminated the Difference | |
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Why the Gap? The Tuskegee Effect | |
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AIDS | |
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Clinical Trials | |
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Children's Health | |
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Organ Transplants | |
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Closing the Gap | |
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American Indians and Alaska Natives and Health Care | |
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Indian Health Service | |
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Causes of Death | |
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Summary | |
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Asian and Pacific Islanders and Health Care | |
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Health Profile | |
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Summary | |
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Hispanic Americans/Latinos and Health Care | |
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Health Profile | |
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Recent Changes | |
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Women and Health Care | |
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Include Women, Study Women | |
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Additional Support | |
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Positive Changes | |
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Backlash or Balance? Conclusion | |
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Case Presentation: Lee Lor: Caught in a Culture Conflict | |
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Social Context: The Mammography Debate | |
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Social Context: The Prostate Cancer Epidemic | |
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Readings | |
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Perspectives on Gender and Race | |
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Gender, Race, and Class in the Delivery of Health Care | |
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Bioethics: The Need for a Dialogue with African Americans | |
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Conducting Research | |
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Women and Underserved Populations: Access to Clinical Trials | |
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The Dangers of Difference: The Legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study | |
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Setting Public Policy | |
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The Demise of Affirmative Action and the Future of Health Care | |
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Kenneth De Ville: Parties to the Social Contract? Justice and Health Care for Undocumented | |
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Immigrants | |
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Decision Scenarios | |
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Controls | |
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Genetic Control | |
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Classic Case Presentation: The Stem-Cell Debate | |
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Briefing Session | |
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Genetic Intervention: Screening, Counseling, and Diagnosis | |
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Genetic Screening | |
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Genetic Counseling | |
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Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis | |
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Ethical Difficulties with Genetic Intervention | |
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Eugenics | |
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Negative and Positive Eugenics | |
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Use of Desirable Germ Cells | |
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Ethical Difficulties with Eugenics | |
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Genetic Research, Therapy, and Technology | |
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Recombinant DNA | |
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Gene Therapy | |
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Biohazards.Ethical Difficulties with Genetic Research, Therapy, and Technology | |
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Social Context: The Holy Grail of Biology: The Human Genome Project | |
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Case Presentation: Huntington's Disease: Genetic Testing and Ethical Dilemmas | |
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Social Context: Genetic Testing and Screening | |
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Case Presentation: Gene Therapy | |
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Readings | |
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Stem Cells | |
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President's Council on Bioethics: Cloning and Stem Cells | |
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Pontifical Academy for Life: Declaration on the Production and the Scientific and Therapeutic Use of Human Embryonic Stem Cells | |
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Regulated Cloning for Biomedical Research | |
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Genetic Testing | |
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Pitfalls of Genetic Testing | |
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Disowning Knowledge: Issues in Genetic Testing | |
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Genetic Counseling | |
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Genetic Dilemmas and the Child's Right to an Open Future | |
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Genetic Testing and Reproductive Decisions | |
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Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children be Immoral? | |
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Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Human Right to Life | |
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Gene Therapy | |
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Germ-Line Therapy and the Medical Imperative | |
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Decision Scenarios | |
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Reproductive Control | |
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Classic Case Presentation: Hello, Dolly: The Advent of Reproductive Cloning | |
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Briefing Session | |
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IVF, GIFT, ZIFT, and Other Techniques IVF. GIFT, ZIFT, IVC, ULER, PZD, ICSI, DNA Transfer, and CD | |
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Need, Success Rates, and Costs of Assisted Reproduction | |
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Multiple Births | |
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Freezing Embryos | |
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Gestational Surrogates and Donor Ova | |
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Criticisms of Assisted Reproduction Practices | |
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Benefits of IVF and Other Forms of Assisted Reproduction | |
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Ethical and Social Difficulties | |
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Cloning and Twinning | |
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Artificial Insemination | |
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The Procedure | |
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Reasons for Seeking Artificial Insemination | |
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Types of Artificial Insemination | |
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Sperm Donors | |
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Issues in Artificial Insemination | |
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Ova Donors | |
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Surrogate Pregnancy | |
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Ethical Theories and Reproductive Control | |
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Case Presentation: Louise Brown: The First "Test-Tube" Baby | |
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Case Presentation: Septuplets: The Perils of Multiple Pregnancies | |
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Social Context: Post-Menopausal Motherhood | |
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Social Context: Father Shopping: Sperm by Mail | |
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Case Presentation: Baby M and Mary Beth Whitehead: Surrogate Pregnancy in Court | |
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Case Presentation: The Calvert Case: A Gestational Surrogate Changes Her Mind | |
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Readings | |
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Section | |
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Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith: Instruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation: Replies to Certain Questions of the Day | |
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Gillian Hanscombe: The Right to Lesbian Parenthood | |
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"Give Me Children or I Shall Die!" New Reproductive Technologies and Harm to Children | |
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Medical Miracle or Medical Mischief? The Saga of the McCaughey Septuplets | |
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Surrogate Pregnancy | |
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Surrogate Motherhood as Prenatal Adoption | |
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Is Women's Labor a Commodity? | |
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Human Cloning | |
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The Wisdom of Repugnance | |
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National Bioethics Advisory Commission: Cloning Human Beings: Ethical Considerations | |
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Decision Scenarios | |
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Resources | |
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Scarce Medical Resources | |
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Classic Case Presentation: Selection Committee for Dialysis | |
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Briefing Session | |
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Transplants, Kidneys, and Machines | |
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Controlling Rejection | |
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Allocation and Scarcity | |
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Seattle and Kidney Machines | |
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Dialysis Costs and Decisions | |
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Microallocation versus Macroallocation | |
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Ethical Theories and the Allocation of Medical Resources | |
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Social Context: Acquiring and Allocating Transplant Organs | |
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Case Presentation: Sandra Jensen Gets an Implant | |
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Social Context: Fetal-Cell Implants | |
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Case Presentation: The Ayalas' Solution: Having a Child to Save a Life | |
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Case Presentation: Drug Lottery: The Betaseron Shortage | |
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Readings | |
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Allocation Principles | |
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The Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy | |
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Acquiring Transplant Organs | |
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The Donor's Right to Take a Risk | |
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Conscription of Cadaveric Organs for Transplantation: Let's At Least Talk About It | |
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Michael Kinsley: Take My Kidney, Please | |
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Ethics of Paid Organ Donation | |
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Allocating Transplant Organs | |
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The Prostitute, the Playboy, and the Poet: Rationing Schemes for Organ Transplantation | |
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Carl Cohen, Martin Benjamin, and the Ethics and Social Impact Committee of the Transplant and Health Policy Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Alcoholics and Liver Tranplantation | |
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Decision Scenarios | |