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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The dawn of philosophy | |
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| The Birth of Wisdom | |
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| The Legend of Socrates: Knowing the Unknown | |
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| Selection: Plato, Apology | |
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| The Wisdom of Unknowing | |
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| The legacy of the ancients | |
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| The first philosophers | |
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| Indian Philosophy: The Vedas, the Upanisads, and the Bhagavad-Gita | |
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| Selections: The Rg-Veda, Song of Creation | |
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| The Kena Upanisad | |
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| The Katha Upanisad | |
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| The Bhagavad Gita | |
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| Thales: The First Philosopher | |
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| Selection: Aristotle on Thales | |
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| Anaximander: The Infinite Boundless | |
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| Selection: Anaximander, The Infinite | |
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| Anaximenes: A Question of Language | |
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| Selection: Anaximenes, The Breath of the World | |
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| Confucius: The Moral Way | |
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| Selections: Confucius, Lun Yu | |
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| Karl Jaspers, The Axial Period | |
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| Lao Tzu: The Way of the Tao | |
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| Selection: Lao Tzu, Tao Te Ching | |
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| Buddha: The Way of Enlightenment | |
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| Selection: Buddha, Fire Sermon | |
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| Pythagoras: Form, Limit and Number as the Basis of All Things | |
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| Selection: Aristotle on the Pythagoreans | |
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| The Rational vs | |
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| the Irrational | |
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| Heraclitus: The Way of the Logos | |
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| Selection: Heraclitan Fragments | |
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| Parmenides: The Way of Truth | |
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| Selection: Parmenides, Nature | |
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| Zeno of Elea: The Way of Paradox | |
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| Selection: Zeno, Paradoxes | |
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| Protagoras and the Sophists: The Way of Relativism | |
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| Selection: Plato, Protagoras | |
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| Democritus: The Way of Materialism | |
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| Plato | |
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| Plato | |
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| Plato''s Euthyphro | |
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| Selection: Plato, Euthyphro | |
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| The Trial and Death of Socrates | |
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| Plato''s Epistemology and Metaphysics: The Myth of the Cave | |
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| Selection: Plato, Republic | |
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| Plato''s Next Step: The Birth of Self-Criticism | |
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| Selection: Plato, Parmenides | |
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| Aristotle | |
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| Aristotle: The Birth of Logic | |
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| Aristotle''s Epistemology: Knowledge for Its Own Sake | |
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| Selection: Aristotle, Metaphysics | |
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| Aristotle''s Criticism of Plato''s Ideal Forms | |
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| Selection: Aristotle, Categories | |
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| Aristotle''s Theory of Mind | |
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| Selection: Aristotle, On the Soul | |
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| The Nichomachean Ethics | |
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| Selection: Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics | |
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| The middle period | |
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| The epicureans, stoics, and skeptics | |
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| Epicurus | |
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| Selections: Epicurus, Letter to Herodotus | |
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| Epicurus, Letter to Menoeceus | |
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| Epictetus | |
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| Selections: Epictetus, Echiridion | |
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| Epictetus, Discourses | |
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| Marcus Aurelius: The Philosopher King | |
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| Selection: Marcus Aurelius, Meditations | |
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| Sextus Empiricus: The Way of Skepticism | |
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| Selection: Sextus Empiricus, Outlines of Pyrrhonism | |
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| Nagarunja: The Way of Nirvana | |
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| Selection: Nagarunja, The Unity of Being | |
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| Catholic philosophy | |
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| The Fragmentation of Philosophy: Fear of the Known | |
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| Plotinus: The Twilight of Philosophy | |
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| Selection: Plotinus, Enneads | |
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| Augustine: The Beginning of Christendom | |
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| Selections: Augustine, Confessions | |
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| Augustine, Against the Manichaens | |
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| Augustine, City of God | |
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| Augustine, Self Knowledge and the Nature of Mind | |
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| Anselm: The New Scholasticism | |
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| Selections: Anselm, Proslogion: The Ontological Argument | |
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| Guanilo, On Behalf of the Fool | |
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| Anselm, Reply to Guanilo | |
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| The islamic influence | |
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| Averroes | |
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| Selection: Averroes, Commentary on De Anima | |
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| Maimonides | |
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| The medievals | |
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| Aquinas: The Godhead | |
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| Selection: Aquinas, Summa Theologica | |
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| Duns Scotus: The Logical Analysis of Being | |
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| Selection: Duns Scotus, Ordinatio | |
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| Ockham: The Razor''s Edge | |
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| Selections: Ockham, Logic | |
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| Ockham, Theory of Knowledge and Metaphysics | |
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| The renaissance | |
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| Nicholas of Cusa: Everything is Everything | |
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| Selection: Nicholas of Cusa, Everything is Everything | |
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| Roger Bacon: The Idols of the Mind | |
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| Selections: Bacon, The Idols from Novum Organum | |
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| Bacon, On Induction from Novum Organum | |
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| Giordano Bruno: The World Soul is You | |
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| Selection: Bruno, The Cause, the Principle and the One | |
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| The modern rationalists | |
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| Prelude to modern philosophy: The Copernican Revolution | |
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| The Copernican Revolution: The Second Dawn | |
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| Selection: Copernicus, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres | |
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| From the Religious Authority of the Church to the Secular Authority of Science | |
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| Selections: Thomas Kuhn, The Copernican Revolution | |
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| Paul Feyerabend, How to Defend Society Against Science | |
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| Thomas Hobbes: The Materialist, the New Science, and the Quest for Secular Eth | |