Everyday Morality : An Introduction to Applied Ethics

Name: Everyday Morality : An Introduction to Applied Ethics
Price: 7.21 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780534520342

ISBN-10: 0534520340

ISBN-13: 9780534520342

Edition: 3rd 2001

Authors: Mike W. Martin

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Description:

The book is aimed at courses that combine theory and applied (practical) ethics, with an emphasis on the practical topics of everyday interest. This book is an introduction to the philosophy of morality as it applies to practical moral needs. Moral character is explored in all its dimensions: virtues, vices, attitudes, emotions, commitments, and personal relationships, in addition to right and wrong conduct. The aim is to stimulate personal reflection and group dialogue, rather than offer solutions. It seeks to sharpen ideas which we use as tools in coping responsibly with our daily lives.

Book details

Edition: 3rd
Copyright year: 2001
Publisher: Wadsworth
Publication date: 4/10/2000
Binding: Paperback
Pages: 440
Size: 6.25" wide x 9.00" long x 1.00" tall
Weight: 1.430
Language: English

Preface	p. xii
Character and Conduct	p. 2
Morality and Self-Interest	p. 4
What Is Morality?	p. 4
Applied Ethics	p. 6
Ethical Subjectivism	p. 8
Ethical Egoism	p. 11
Psychological Egoism	p. 14
Self-Fulfillment	p. 15
Summary	p. 17
Discussion Topics	p. 18
Suggested Readings	p. 19
Theories of Right Action	p. 21
Aims of Ethical Theories	p. 21
Utilitarianism: Mill and Act-Utilitarianism	p. 22
Utilitarianism: Brandt and Rule-Utilitarianism	p. 26
Rights Ethics: Locke and Liberty Rights	p. 27
Rights Ethics: Melden and Welfare Rights	p. 29
Duty Ethics: Kant and Respect for Persons	p. 31
Duty Ethics: Ross and Prima Facie Duties	p. 33
Which Theory Is Best?	p. 35
Pragmatism	p. 37
Summary	p. 39
Discussion Topics	p. 40
Suggested Readings	p. 42
Theories of Virtue	p. 43
Virtues as Desirable Character Traits	p. 43
Human Nature and Virtue Theories	p. 44
Plato: Moral Health	p. 44
Aristotle: Rational Emotions and Desires	p. 46
Difficulties with Greek Ethics	p. 49
Aquinas: Religious Virtues	p. 50
Hume: Benevolence and Sympathy	p. 51
From Theory to Practice	p. 52
MacIntyre: Self-Knowledge and Social Goods	p. 53
Pincoffs: Choices Among Persons	p. 55
Summary	p. 58
Discussion Topics	p. 59
Suggested Readings	p. 60
Multicultural Ethics	p. 62
Diversity and Relativism	p. 64
Ethical Conventionalism	p. 65
Ethical Pluralism	p. 70
Conceptual Relativism	p. 72
Multiculturalism	p. 74
Disabilities and Diversity	p. 75
Summary	p. 77
Discussion Topics	p. 78
Suggested Readings	p. 79
Religious Ethics	p. 81
Motivation: Surrender, Community, and Karma	p. 81
Guidance: The Golden Rule	p. 83
Ideals and Exemplars	p. 85
Justification: Divine Command Ethics	p. 87
Moral Critiques of Religion	p. 88
Summary	p. 89
Discussion Topics	p. 90
Suggested Readings	p. 92
Feminism	p. 93
Gender Roles	p. 93
Care Ethics	p. 95
Language	p. 100
Rape	p. 101
Sexual Harassment	p. 104
Summary	p. 105
Discussion Topics	p. 107
Suggested Readings	p. 108
Race and Ethnic Identity	p. 110
Racism, Race, and Ethnicity	p. 110
Explaining Racism	p. 113
Moral Perspectives	p. 113
Psychological-Social Perspectives	p. 114
Biological Perspectives	p. 114
Assimilationist and Pluralistic Ideals	p. 114
Speech Codes	p. 118
Affirmative Action	p. 120
Summary	p. 121
Discussion Topics	p. 122
Suggested Readings	p. 124
Moral Standing	p. 126
Abortion	p. 128
Are Fetuses Persons?	p. 129
Conservatives	p. 129
Liberals	p. 131
Moderates	p. 132
Balancing Moral Reasons	p. 133
Conflicting Rights: Liberals Versus Conservatives	p. 133
Moderates	p. 135
Laws and Government Policies	p. 136
Summary	p. 138
Discussion Topics	p. 138
Suggested Readings	p. 140
Animals	p. 141
Animals as Companions	p. 141
No Moral Worth	p. 144
Full Moral Status	p. 145
Partial Moral Status	p. 148
Summary	p. 149
Discussion Topics	p. 150
Suggested Readings	p. 152
Environment	p. 153
Human-Centered Ethics	p. 153
Nature-Centered Ethics	p. 155
Sentientist Ethics	p. 156
Biocentric Ethics	p. 156
Ecocentric Ethics	p. 157
Rules of Conduct	p. 158
Practical Conflicts and Consensus	p. 160
Summary	p. 162
Discussion Topics	p. 162
Suggested Readings	p. 164
Sexual Morality	p. 166
Sex and Love	p. 169
Definitions of Love	p. 170
Arguments for Sex without Love	p. 172
Arguments for Sex with Love	p. 173
True Love: Obligations or Ideals?	p. 175
Summary	p. 177
Discussion Topics	p. 177
Suggested Readings	p. 179
Homosexuality and Homophobia	p. 181
Closets and Coming Out	p. 182
The Reproductive Purpose of Sex	p. 183
Other Senses of "Unnatural"	p. 185
Promiscuity	p. 187
Homophobia	p. 188
Summary	p. 189
Discussion Topics	p. 190
Suggested Readings	p. 191
Pornography and Fantasy	p. 192
A Definition of Pornography	p. 193
Examples of Pornography	p. 194
Fantasy	p. 196
Fantasy as Morally Neutral	p. 196
Fantasy as Sometimes Immoral	p. 197
A Synthesis of Opposing Views	p. 199
Obscenity	p. 200
Summary	p. 202
Discussion Topics	p. 203
Suggested Readings	p. 204
Caring Relationships	p. 206
Marriage and Adultery	p. 208
Is Marriage a Moral Issue?	p. 208
Potential Drawbacks to Marriage	p. 209
Outside Control	p. 209
Psychological Constriction	p. 210
Sexual Confinement	p. 212
Extramarital Affairs: Two Cases	p. 213
Taylor's Defense of Extramarital Affairs	p. 214
Jealousy	p. 216
Summary	p. 218
Discussion Topics	p. 219
Suggested Readings	p. 220
Parents and Children	p. 222
Two Examples: Franz Kafka and Maya Angelou	p. 222
Parental Responsibility: Respect Versus Abuse	p. 225
Definitions of Child Abuse	p. 226
Filial Duties and Gratitude	p. 228
Duties	p. 229
Gratitude	p. 229
Love	p. 231
Surrogate Motherhood	p. 232
Summary	p. 233
Discussion Topics	p. 234
Suggested Readings	p. 235
Friendship	p. 237
An Example of Friendship	p. 237
Definition of Friendship	p. 239
The Value of Friendship	p. 240
Responsibilities	p. 242
Moral Limits on Friendship	p. 243
Summary	p. 245
Discussion Topics	p. 246
Suggested Readings	p. 247
Interpersonal Conflicts	p. 249
Anger	p. 249
Envy	p. 250
Ressentiment	p. 252
Hatred	p. 253
Forgiveness	p. 254
Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking	p. 255
Compromise	p. 257
Summary	p. 258
Discussion Topics	p. 259
Suggested Readings	p. 260
Moral Autonomy and Integrity	p. 262
Self-Respect	p. 264
Responsibilities to Oneself	p. 264
Self-Respect Versus Self-Esteem	p. 266
Masochism	p. 269
Self-Deprecation	p. 270
Irrational Shame and Guilt	p. 272
Snobbery	p. 274
Summary	p. 276
Discussion Topics	p. 276
Suggested Readings	p. 278
Self-Knowledge and Self-Deception	p. 280
Self-Knowledge	p. 280
Self-Deceiving Tactics	p. 281
Paradoxes	p. 282
Responsibility	p. 284
Self-Respect, Self-Esteem, and Immorality	p. 286
Summary	p. 289
Discussion Topics	p. 290
Suggested Readings	p. 292
Self-Control and Courage	p. 294
Loss of Self-Control	p. 294
Paradoxes	p. 295
Inner Conflict and Self-Respect	p. 297
Excuses	p. 299
Forms of Courage	p. 300
Courage, Cowardice, and Fear	p. 302
A Definition of Courageous Actions	p. 302
The Good of Courage	p. 304
Summary	p. 305
Discussion Topics	p. 305
Suggested Readings	p. 307
Moral Health	p. 308
Responsibility and Therapy	p. 310
The Therapeutic Trend	p. 311
Nietzsche's Therapeutic Critique of Morality	p. 313
Freud's Therapeutic Critique of Morality	p. 315
Integrating Morality and Therapy	p. 317
Determinism and Responsibility	p. 319
Summary	p. 320
Discussion Topics	p. 321
Suggested Readings	p. 323
Drug Abuse	p. 324
Problem Drugs	p. 324
Why Use Drugs?	p. 325
Dependency and Addiction	p. 327
Problem Drinkers	p. 328
The Right to Smoke	p. 330
Illegal Drugs	p. 331
Summary	p. 332
Discussion Topics	p. 333
Suggested Readings	p. 334
Suicide and Euthanasia	p. 336
What Is Suicide?	p. 336
Is Suicide Ever Justified?	p. 337
Preventing Suicide	p. 339
Assisting Suicide	p. 340
Euthanasia	p. 342
Active Euthanasia, Mercy, and Autonomy	p. 344
Summary	p. 345
Discussion Topics	p. 346
Suggested Readings	p. 347
Community and Wealth	p. 350
Money	p. 352
Money and Happiness	p. 352
Money Madness and Financial Responsibility	p. 354
Gambling	p. 357
Economic Justice	p. 360
Summary	p. 364
Discussion Topics	p. 365
Suggested Readings	p. 366
Meaningful Work	p. 367
Examples of Two Workers	p. 367
Alienation and Work Ethics	p. 369
Collegiality	p. 370
Loyalty	p. 371
Career Choice and Community	p. 374
Summary	p. 376
Discussion Topics	p. 377
Suggested Readings	p. 379
Community Service	p. 380
An Example of Community Service	p. 381
Individualism and Community	p. 382
How Much Should We Give?	p. 383
Generosity and Supererogation	p. 385
To Whom Should We Give?	p. 387
Summary	p. 388
Discussion Topics	p. 389
Suggested Readings	p. 390
Notes	p. 393
Index	p. 417
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