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Digital Signal Processing A Modern Introduction

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ISBN-10: 0534405096

ISBN-13: 9780534405090

Edition: 2006

Authors: Ashok Ambardar

List price: $243.95
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Intended for a one-semester junior or senior level undergraduate course, this book provides a modern and self-contained introduction to digital signal processing (DSP). It is supplemented by a vast number of end-of-chapter problems such as worked examples, drill exercises, and application oriented problems that require the use of computational resources such as MATLAB. Also, many figures have been included to help the student grasp and visualize critical concepts. Results are tabulated and summarized for easy reference and access. It also attempts to provide a broader perspective by introducing useful applications and additional special topics in each chapter. These form the background for…    
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Book details

List price: $243.95
Copyright year: 2006
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Publication date: 2/27/2006
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 591
Size: 8.25" wide x 9.25" long x 1.00" tall
Weight: 2.596
Language: English

Dr. Ashok K. Ambardar, Professor at Michigan Technological University, attended the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, where he obtained a BT in Electrical Engineering in 1967. He went on to the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, and earned an ME in Electronic Communications. Ambardar came to the US in 1969 and obtained an MS in Electrical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a PhD from the University of Wyoming. He joined the Michigan Tech faculty in 1976 and has taught in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ever since.

Preface
Overview
Introduction
Signals
Digital Filters
The Z-transform
The Frequency Domain
Filter Concepts
Signal Processing
Digital Processing of Analog Signals
Filter Design
The Design of IIR Filters
The Design of FIR Filters
The DFT and FFT
Advantages of DSP
Applications of DSP
Discrete Signals
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Discrete Signals
Signal Measures
Operations on Discrete Signals
Symmetry
Even and Odd Parts of Signals
Decimation and Interpolation
Fractional Delays
Some Standard Discrete Signals
Properties of the Discrete Impulse
Signal Representation by Impulses
Discrete Pulse Signals
The Discrete Sinc Function
Discrete Exponentials
Discrete-Time Harmonics and Sinusoids
Discrete-Time Harmonics are not Always Periodic in Time
Discrete-Time Harmonics are Always Periodic in Frequency
The Sampling Theorem
Signal Reconstruction and Aliasing
Reconstruction at Different Sampling Rates
An Introduction to Random Signals
Probability
Measures for Random Variables
The Chebyshev Inequality
Probability Distributions
The Uniform Distribution
The Gaussian or Normal Distribution
Discrete Probability Distributions
Distributions for Deterministic Signals
Stationary, Ergodic, and Pseudorandom Signals
Statistical Estimates
Random Signal Analysis
Problems
Time-Domain Analysis
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Discrete-Time Systems
Linearity and Superposition
Time Invariance
LTI Systems
Causality and Memory
Digital Filters
Digital Filter Terminology
Digital Filter Realization
Response of Digital Filters
Response of Nonrecursive Filters
Response of Recursive Filters
Solving Difference Equations
Zero-Input Response and Zero-State Response
The Impulse Response
Impulse Response of Nonrecursive Filters
Impulse Response of Recursive Filters
General Method for Finding the Impulse Response
Impulse Response of Anti-Causal Systems
System Representation in Various Forms
Recursive Forms for Nonrecursive Digital Filters
Difference Equations from the Impulse Response
Difference Equations from Input-Output Data
Application-Oriented Examples
Moving Average Filters
Inverse Systems
Echo and Reverb
Periodic Sequences and Wave-Table Synthesis
How Difference Equations Arise
Discrete Convolution
Analytical Evaluation of Discrete Convolution
Convolution Properties
Convolution of Finite Sequences
The Sum-by-Column Method
The Flip, Shift, Multiply, and Sum Concept
Discrete Convolution, Multiplication, and Zero Insertion
Impulse Response of LTI Systems in Cascade and Parallel
Stability and Causality of LTI Systems
Stability of FIR Filters
Stability of LTI Systems Described by Difference Equations
Stability of LTI Systems Described by the Impulse Response
Causality
System Response to Periodic Inputs
Periodic or Circular Convolution
Periodic Convolution by the Cyclic Method
Periodic Convolution by the Circulant Matrix
Regular Convolution from Periodic Convolution
Deconvolution
Deconvolution by Recursion
Discrete Correlation
Autocorrelation
Periodic Discrete Correlation
Matched Filtering and Target Ranging
Discrete Convolution and Transform Methods
The z-Transform
The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform
Problems
z-Transform Analysis
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
The Two-Sided z-Transform
What the z-Transform Reveals
Some z-Transform Pairs using the Defining Relation
More on the ROC
Properties of the Two-Sided z-Transform
Poles, Zeros, and the z-Plane
The Transfer Function
Interconnected Systems
Transfer Function Realization
Transposed Realization
Cascaded and Parallel Realization
Causality and Stability of LTI Systems
Stability and the ROC
Inverse Systems
The Inverse z-Transform
Inverse z-Transform of Finite Sequences
Inverse z-Transform by Long Division
Inverse z-Transform from Partial Fractions
The ROC and Inversion
The One-Sided z-Transform
The Right-Shift Property of the One-Sided z-Transform
The Left-Shift Property of the One-Sided z-Transform
The Initial Value Theorem and Final Value Theorem
The z-Transform of Switched Periodic Signals
The z-Transform and System Analysis
Systems Described by Difference Equations
Systems Described by the Transfer Function
Forced and Steady-State Response from the Transfer Function
Problems
Frequency Domain Analysis
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
The DTFT from the z-Transform
Symmetry of the Spectrum for a Real Signal
Some DTFT Pairs
Relating the z-Transform and DTFT
Properties of the DTFT
Time Reversal
Time Shift of x[n]
Frequency Shift of X(F)
Modulation
Convolution
The Times-n Property
Parseval's Relation
Central Ordinate Theorems
The DTFT of Discrete-Time Periodic Signals
The DFS and DFT
The Inverse DTFT
The Frequency Response
System Analysis using the DTFT
The Steady-State Response to Discrete-Time Harmonics
Connections
Problems
Filter Concepts
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Frequency Response and Filter Characteristics
Gain
Phase Delay and Group Delay
Minimum-Phase
Minimum-Phase Filters from the Magnitude Spectrum
The Frequency Response: A Graphical View
The Rubber Sheet Analogy
FIR Filters and Linear Phase
Pole-Zero Patterns of Linear-Phase Filters
Types of Linear-Phase Sequences
Averaging Filters
Zeros of Averaging Filters
FIR Comb Filters
IIR Filters
First-Order Highpass Filters
Pole-Zero Placement and Filter Design
Second-Order IIR Filters
Digital Resonators
Periodic Notch Filters
Allpass Filters
Transfer Function of Allpass Filters
Minimum-Phase Filters using Allpass Filters
Concluding Remarks
Problems
Digital Processing of Analog Signals
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Ideal Sampling
Sampling of Sinusoids and Periodic Signals
Application Example: The Sampling Oscilloscope
Sampling of Bandpass Signals
Natural Sampling or Pulse-Amplitude Modulation
Zero-Order-Hold Sampling
Sampling, Interpolation, and Signal Recovery
Ideal Recovery and the Sinc Interpolating Function
Interpolating Functions
Interpolation in Practice
Sampling Rate Conversion
Zero Interpolation and Spectrum Compression
Sampling Rate Increase
Sampling Rate Reduction
Quantization
Uniform Quantizers
Quantization Error and Quantization Noise
Digital Processing of Analog Signals
Practical ADC Considerations
Anti-Aliasing Filter Considerations
Anti-Imaging Filter Considerations
Compact Disc Digital Audio
Recording
Playback
Dynamic-Range Processors
Companders
Audio Equalizers
Shelving Filters
Graphic Equalizers
Parametric Equalizers
Digital Audio Effects
Gated Reverb and Reverse Reverb
Chorusing, Flanging, and Phasing
Plucked-String Filters
Digital Oscillators and DTMF Receivers
DTMF Receivers
Multirate Signal Processing
Quantization and Oversampling
Single-Bit Oversampling Sigma-Delta ADC
Problems
The Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Applications
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Introduction
Connections between Frequency-Domain Transforms
The DFT
Properties of the DFT
Symmetry
Central Ordinates and Parseval's Theorem
Circular Shift and Circular Symmetry
Shifting, Reversal, and Modulation Properties of the DFT
Product and Convolution Properties of the DFT
The FFT
Signal Replication and Spectrum Zero Interpolation
Some Useful DFT Pairs
The Inverse DFT
Some Practical Guidelines
The DTFT and the DFT
Approximating the DTFT by the DFT
The DFT of Periodic Signals and the DFS
Understanding the DFS Results
The DFT and DFS of Sinusoids
The DFT and DFS of Sampled Periodic Signals
The Effects of Leakage
The DFT of Nonperiodic Signals
Spectral Spacing and Zero Padding
Spectral Smoothing by Time Windows
Performance Characteristics of Windows
The Spectrum of Windowed Sinusoids
Resolution
Detecting Hidden Periodicity using the DFT
Applications in Signal Processing
Convolution of Long Sequences
Deconvolution
Band-Limited Signal Interpolation
The Discrete Hilbert Transform
Spectrum Estimation
The Periodogram Estimate
PSD Estimation by the Welch Method
PSD Estimation by the Blackman-Tukey Method
Non-Parametric System Identification
Time-Frequency Plots
The Cepstrum and Homomorphic Filtering
Homomorphic Filters and Deconvolution
Echo Detection and Cancellation
Optimal Filtering
Matrix Formulation of the DFT and IDFT
The IDFT from the Matrix Form
Using the DFT to Find the IDFT
The FFT
Some Fundamental Results
The Decimation-in-Frequency FFT Algorithm
The Decimation-in-Time FFT Algorithm
Computational Cost
Why Equal Lengths for the DFT and IDFT?
The Inverse DFT
How Unequal Lengths Affect the DFT Results
Problems
Design of IIR Filters
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Introduction
Filter Specifications
Techniques of Digital Filter Design
IIR Filter Design
Equivalence of Analog and Digital Systems
The Effects of Aliasing
Practical Mappings
Response Matching
The Impulse-Invariant Transformation
Modifications to Impulse-Invariant Design
The Matched z-Transform for Factored Forms
Modifications to Matched z-Transform Design
Mappings from Discrete Algorithms
Mappings from Difference Algorithms
Stability Properties of the Backward-Difference Algorithm
The Forward-Difference Algorithm
Mappings from Integration Algorithms
Stability Properties of Integration-Algorithm Mappings
Frequency Response of Discrete Algorithms
Mappings from Rational Approximations
The Bilinear Transformation
Using the Bilinear Transformation
Spectral Transformations for IIR Filters
Digital-to-Digital Transformations
Direct (A2D) Transformations for Bilinear Design
Bilinear Transformation for Peaking and Notch Filters
Design Recipe for IIR Filters
Finite-Word-Length Effects
Effects of Coefficient Quantization
Concluding Remarks
Problems
Design of FIR Filters
Scope and Overview
Goals and Learning Objectives
Ideal Filters
Frequency Transformations
Truncation and Windowing
The Rectangular Window and its Spectrum
The Triangular Window and its Spectrum
The Consequences of Windowing
Design Specifications for FIR Filters
FIR Filters and Linear Phase
Symmetric Sequences and Linear Phase
Types of Linear-Phase Sequences for FIR Filter Design
Applications of Linear-Phase Sequences
FIR Filter Design
Window-Based Design
Characteristics of Window Functions
Some Other Windows
What Windowing Means
Some Design Issues
Characteristics of the Windowed Spectrum
Selection of Window and Design Parameters
Spectral Transformations
Half-Band FIR Filters
FIR Filter Design by Frequency Sampling
Frequency Sampling and Windowing
Implementing Frequency-Sampling FIR Filters
Design of Optimal Linear-Phase FIR Filters
The Alternation Theorem
Optimal Half-Band Filters
Application: Multistage Interpolation and Decimation
Multistage Decimation
Maximally Flat FIR Filters
FIR Differentiators and Hilbert Transformers
Hilbert Transformers
Design of FIR Differentiators and Hilbert Transformers
Least Squares and Adaptive Signal Processing
Adaptive Filtering
Applications of Adaptive Filtering
Problems
MATLAB Examples
Introduction
MATLAB Tips and Pointers
Array Operations
A List of Useful Commands
Examples of MATLAB Code
Useful Concepts from Analog Theory
Scope and Objectives
Signals
System Analysis
The Zero-State Response and Zero-Input Response
Step Response and Impulse Response
Convolution
Useful Convolution Results
The Laplace Transform
The Inverse Laplace Transform
Interconnected Systems
Stability
The Laplace Transform and System Analysis
The Steady-State Response to Harmonic Inputs
The Fourier Transform
Connections between Laplace and Fourier Transforms
Amplitude Modulation
Fourier Series
Fourier Series Coefficients from the Fourier Transform
Some Useful Results
Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals
Spectral Density
Ideal Filters
Measures for Real Filters
A First-Order Lowpass Filter
A Second-Order Lowpass Filter
Bode Plots
Classical Analog Filter Design
References
Index
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