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| List of illustrations | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Introduction: the challenge | |
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| Anthropocentrism | |
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| The literary and cultural criticism | |
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| A crisis of the 'natural' | |
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| The natures of nature | |
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| A reading | |
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| First quandary: climate change | |
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| Romantic and anti-romantic | |
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| Old world romanticism | |
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| Romantic ecology | |
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| The self-evidence of the natural? | |
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| The inherent greenness of the literary? | |
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| A reading: the case of John Clare | |
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| Deep ecology | |
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| New world romanticism | |
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| A reading: retrieving Walden | |
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| Wild | |
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| Genre and the question of non-fiction | |
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| 'You don't make it up' | |
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| Fiction or non-fiction? | |
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| An aesthetic consumerism | |
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| A reading: genres and the projection of animal subjectivity | |
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| Second quandary: fiction or non-fiction? | |
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| Language beyond the human? | |
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| A realist poetics | |
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| The Spell of the Sensuous | |
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| Third quandary: how human-centred is given language? | |
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| The inherent violence of western thought? | |
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| The archetypal eco-fascist? | |
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| The forest | |
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| Post-humanism and the 'end of nature'? | |
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| A reading: Frankenstein | |
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| Ecology without nature? | |
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| The boundaries of the political | |
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| Fourth quandary: the crisis of legitimation | |
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| Thinking like a mountain? | |
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| The aesthetic | |
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| Fifth quandary: what isn't an environmental issue? | |
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| Environmental justice and the move 'beyond nature writing' | |
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| Social ecology | |
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| A reading: A River Runs Through It | |
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| Environmental criticism as cultural history? | |
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| Sixth quandary: the antinomy of environmental criticism | |
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| Two readings: European ecojustice | |
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| Liberalism and green moralism | |
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| The limits of liberal criticism | |
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| A reading: William and Dorothy Wordsworth | |
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| Seventh quandary: the rights of the yet-to-be-born | |
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| Ecofeminism | |
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| An �criture ecofemine? | |
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| 'Nature provides us with few givens' | |
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| 'Post-colonial' ecojustice | |
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| Environmentalism as neocolonialism? | |
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| Is there yet a specifically environmental post-colonial criticism? | |
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| Colonialism as the 'Conquest of nature' | |
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| A reading: Amitav Ghosh, The Hungry Tide | |
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| Eighth quandary: overpopulation | |
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| Questions of scale: the local, the national and the global | |
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| Methodological nationalism | |
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| Literary 'reinhabitation'? | |
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| Questions of scale | |
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| Ecopoetry | |
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| Science and the struggle for intellectual authority | |
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| Science and the crisis of authority | |
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| The disenchantment thesis | |
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| Facts versus values? a reading, Annie Dillard's 'Gal�pagos' | |
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| The 'naturalistic fallacy' | |
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| Against the facts-values split | |
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| Ecology, 'ecology' and literature | |
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| Hubert Zapf, Literature as Cultural Ecology | |
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| Science studies | |
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| Studying science as a kind of behaviour | |
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| The Selfish Gene | |
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| Donna Haraway | |
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| Ninth quandary: constructivism and doing justice to non-human agency | |
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| Evolutionary theories of literature | |
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| The Standard Social Science Model | |
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| Literature and human nature | |
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| Interdisciplinarity and science: two essays on human evolution | |
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| Tenth quandary: the challenge of scientific illiteracy | |
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| The animal mirror | |
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| Eleventh quandary: animal suffering versus ecological managerialism | |
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| Ethics and the non-human animal | |
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| 'Kiss goodbye to the idea that humans are qualitatively different from other animals' | |
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| Human-animal | |
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| Twelfth quandary: reading the animal as 'construct' | |
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| Anthropomorphism | |
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| An art of animal interpretation | |
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| A reading: The Wind in the Pylons | |
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| The future of ecocriticism? | |
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| Final brief quandary: what place environmental criticism in the modern 'University of Excellence'? | |
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| Notes | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Index | |