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| Preface | |
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| Early Developments in Stability and Control | |
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| Inherent Stability and the Early Machines | |
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| The Problem of Control | |
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| Catching Up to the Wright Brothers | |
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| The Invention of Flap-Type Control Surfaces and Tabs | |
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| Handles, Wheels, and Pedals | |
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| Wright Controls | |
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| Bleriot and Deperdussin Controls | |
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| Stability and Control of World War I Pursuit Airplanes | |
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| Contrasting Design Philosophies | |
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| Frederick Lanchester | |
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| G. H. Bryan and the Equations of Motion | |
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| Metacenter, Center of Pressure, Aerodynamic Center, and Neutral Point | |
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| Teachers and Texts | |
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| Stability and Control Educators | |
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| Modern Stability and Control Teaching Methods | |
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| Stability and Control Research Institutions | |
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| Stability and Control Textbooks and Conferences | |
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| Flying Qualities Become a Science | |
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| Warner, Norton, and Allen | |
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| The First Flying Qualities Specification | |
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| Hartley Soule and Floyd Thompson at Langley | |
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| Robert Gilruth's Breakthrough | |
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| S. B. Gates in Britain | |
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| The U.S. Military Services Follow NACA's Lead | |
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| Civil Airworthiness Requirements | |
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| World-Wide Flying Qualities Specifications | |
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| Equivalent System Models and Pilot Rating | |
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| The Counterrevolution | |
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| Procurement Problems | |
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| Variable-Stability Airplanes Play a Part | |
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| Variable-Stability Airplanes as Trainers | |
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| The Future of Variable-Stability Airplanes | |
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| The V/STOL Case | |
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| Two Famous Airplanes | |
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| Changing Military Missions and Flying Qualities Requirements | |
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| Long-Lived Stability and Control Myths | |
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| Power Effects on Stability and Control | |
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| Propeller Effects on Stability and Control | |
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| Direct-Thrust Moments in Pitch | |
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| Direct-Thrust Moments in Yaw | |
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| World War II Twin-Engine Bombers | |
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| Modern Light Twin Airplanes | |
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| Propeller Slipstream Effects | |
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| Direct Propeller Forces in Yaw (or at Angle of Attack) | |
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| Jet and Rocket Effects on Stability and Control | |
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| Jet Intake Normal Force | |
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| Airstream Deviation Due to Inflow | |
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| Special VTOL Jet Inflow Effects | |
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| Jet Damping and Inertial Effects | |
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| Managing Control Forces | |
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| Desirable Control Force Levels | |
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| Background to Aerodynamically Balanced Control Surfaces | |
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| Horn Balances | |
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| Overhang or Leading-Edge Balances | |
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| Frise Ailerons | |
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| Aileron Differential | |
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| Balancing or Geared Tabs | |
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| Trailing-Edge Angle and Beveled Controls | |
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| Corded Controls | |
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| Spoiler Ailerons | |
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| Spoiler Opening Aerodynamics | |
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| Spoiler Steady-State Aerodynamics | |
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| Spoiler Operating Forces | |
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| Spoiler Aileron Applications | |
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| Internally Balanced Controls | |
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| Flying or Servo and Linked Tabs | |
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| Spring Tabs | |
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| Springy Tabs and Downsprings | |
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| All-Movable Controls | |
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| Mechanical Control System Design Details | |
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| Hydraulic Control Boost | |
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| Early Hydraulic Boost Problems | |
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| Irreversible Powered Controls | |
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| Artificial Feel Systems | |
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| Fly-by-Wire | |
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| Remaining Design Problems in Power Control Systems | |
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| Safety Issues in Fly-by-Wire Control Systems | |
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| Managing Redundancy in Fly-by-Wire Control Systems | |
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| Electric and Fly-by-Light Controls | |
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| Stability and Control at the Design Stage | |
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| Layout Principles | |
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| Subsonic Airplane Balance | |
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| Tail Location, Size, and Shape | |
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| Estimation from Drawings | |
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| Early Methods | |
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| Wing and Tail Methods | |
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| Bodies | |
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| Wing-Body Interference | |
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| Downwash and Sidewash | |
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| Early Design Methods Matured-DATCOM, RAeS, JSASS Data Sheets | |
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| Computational Fluid Dynamics | |
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| Estimation from Wind-Tunnel Data | |
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| The Jets at an Awkward Age | |
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| Needed Devices Are Not Installed | |
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| F4D, A4D, and A3D Manual Reversions | |
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| Partial Power Control | |
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| Nonelectronic Stability Augmentation | |
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| Grumman XF10F Jaguar | |
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| Successful B-52 Compromises | |
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| The B-52 Rudder Has Limited Control Authority | |
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| The B-52 Elevator Also Has Limited Control Authority | |
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| The B-52 Manually Controlled Ailerons Are Small | |
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| The Discovery of Inertial Coupling | |
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| W. H. Phillips Finds an Anomaly | |
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| The Phillips Inertial Coupling Technical Note | |
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| The First Flight Occurrences | |
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| The 1956 Wright Field Conference | |
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| Simplifications and Explications | |
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| The F4D Skyray Experience | |
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| Later Developments | |
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| Inertial Coupling and Future General-Aviation Aircraft | |
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| Spinning and Recovery | |
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| Spinning Before 1916 | |
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| Advent of the Free-Spinning Wind Tunnels | |
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| Systematic Configuration Variations | |
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| Design for Spin Recovery | |
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| Changing Spin Recovery Piloting Techniques | |
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| Automatic Spin Recovery | |
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| The Role of Rotary Derivatives in Spins | |
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| Rotary Balances and the Steady Spin | |
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| Rotary Balances and the Unsteady Spin | |
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| Parameter Estimation Methods for Spins | |
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| The Case of the Grumman/American AA-1B | |
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| The Break with the Past | |
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| Effects of Wing Design on Spin Entry and Recovery | |
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| Drop and Radio-Controlled Model Testing | |
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| Remotely Piloted Spin Model Testing | |
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| Criteria for Departure Resistance | |
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| Vortex Effects and Self-Induced Wing Rock | |
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| Bifurcation Theory | |
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| Departures in Modern Fighters | |
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| Tactical Airplane Maneuverability | |
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| How Fast Should Fighter Airplanes Roll? | |
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| Air-to-Air Missile-Armed Fighters | |
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| Control Sensitivity and Overshoots in Rapid Pullups | |
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| Equivalent System Methods | |
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| Criteria Based on Equivalent Systems | |
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| Time Domain-Based Criteria | |
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| Rapid Rolls to Steep Turns | |
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| Supermaneuverability, High Angles of Attack | |
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| Unsteady Aerodynamics in the Supermaneuverability Regime | |
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| The Transfer Function Model for Unsteady Flow | |
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| The Inverse Problem | |
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| Thrust-Vector Control for Supermaneuvering | |
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| Forebody Controls for Supermaneuvering | |
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| Longitudinal Control for Recovery | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| High Mach Number Difficulties | |
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| A Slow Buildup | |
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| The First Dive Pullout Problems | |
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| P-47 Dives at Wright Field | |
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| P-51 and P-39 Dive Difficulties | |
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| Transonic Aerodynamic Testing | |
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| Invention of the Sweptback Wing | |
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| Sweptback Wings Are Tamed at Low Speeds | |
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| Wing Leading-Edge Devices | |
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| Fences and Wing Engine Pylons | |
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| Trim Changes Due to Compressibility | |
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| Transonic Pitchup | |
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| Supersonic Directional Instability | |
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| Principal Axis Inclination Instability | |
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| High-Altitude Stall Buffet | |
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| Supersonic Altitude Stability | |
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| Stability and Control of Hypersonic Airplanes | |
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| Naval Aircraft Problems | |
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| Standard Carrier Approaches | |
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| Aerodynamic and Thrust Considerations | |
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| Theoretical Studies | |
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| Direct Lift Control | |
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| The T-45A Goshawk | |
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| The Lockheed S-3A Viking | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Ultralight and Human-Powered Airplanes | |
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| Apparent Mass Effects | |
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| Commercial and Kit-Built Ultralight Airplanes | |
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| The Gossamer and MIT Human-Powered Aircraft | |
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| Ultralight Airplane Pitch Stability | |
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| Turning Human-Powered Ultralight Airplanes | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Fuel Slosh, Deep Stall, and More | |
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| Fuel Shift and Dynamic Fuel Slosh | |
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| Deep Stall | |
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| Ground Effect | |
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| Directional Stability and Control in Ground Rolls | |
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| Vee- or Butterfly Tails | |
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| Control Surface Buzz | |
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| Rudder Lock and Dorsal Fins | |
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| Flight Vehicle System Identification from Flight Test | |
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| Early Attempts at Identification | |
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| Knob Twisting | |
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| Modern Identification Methods | |
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| Extensions to Nonlinearities and Unsteady Flow Regimes | |
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| Lifting Body Stability and Control | |
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| Safe Personal Airplanes | |
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| The Guggenheim Safe Airplane Competition | |
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| Progress after the Guggenheim Competition | |
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| Early Safe Personal Airplane Designs | |
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| 1948 and 1966 NACA and NASA Test Series | |
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| Control Friction and Apparent Spiral Instability | |
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| Wing Levelers | |
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| The Role of Displays | |
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| Inappropriate Stability Augmentation | |
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| Unusual Aerodynamic Arrangements | |
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| Blind-Flying Demands on Stability and Control | |
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| Needle, Ball, and Airspeed | |
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| Artificial Horizon, Directional Gyro, and Autopilots | |
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| Single-Pilot IFR Operation | |
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| The Prospects for Safe Personal Airplanes | |
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| Stability and Control Issues with Variable Sweep | |
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| The First Variable-Sweep Wings - Rotation and Translation | |
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| The Rotation-Only Breakthrough | |
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| The F-111 Aardvark, or TFX | |
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| The F-14 Tomcat | |
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| The Rockwell B-1 | |
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| The Oblique or Skewed Wing | |
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| Other Variable-Sweep Projects | |
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| Modern Canard Configurations | |
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| Burt Rutan and the Modern Canard Airplane | |
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| Canard Configuration Stall Characteristics | |
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| Directional Stability and Control of Canard Airplanes | |
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| The Penalty of Wing Sweepback on Low Subsonic Airplanes | |
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| Canard Airplane Spin Recovery | |
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| Other Canard Drawbacks | |
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| Pusher Propeller Problems | |
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| The Special Case of the Voyager | |
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| Modern Canard Tactical Airplanes | |
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| Evolution of the Equations of Motion | |
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| Euler and Hamilton | |
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| Linearization | |
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| Early Numerical Work | |
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| Glauert's and Later Nondimensional Forms | |
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| Rotary Derivatives | |
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| Stability Boundaries | |
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| Wind, Body, Stability, and Principal Axes | |
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| Laplace Transforms, Frequency Response, and Root Locus | |
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| The Modes of Airplane Motion | |
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| Literal Approximations to the Modes | |
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| Time Vector Analysis | |
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| Vector, Dyadic, Matrix, and Tensor Forms | |
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| Atmospheric Models | |
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| Integration Methods and Closed Forms | |
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| Steady-State Solutions | |
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| Equations of Motion Extension to Suborbital Flight | |
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| Heading Angular Velocity Correction and Initialization | |
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| Suborbital Flight Mechanics | |
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| Additional Special Forms of the Equations of Motion | |
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| The Elastic Airplane | |
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| Aeroelasticity and Stability and Control | |
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| Wing Torsional Divergence | |
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| The Semirigid Approach to Wing Torsional Divergence | |
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| The Effect of Wing Sweep on Torsional Divergence | |
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| Aileron-Reversal Theories | |
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| Aileron-Reversal Flight Experiences | |
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| Spoiler Ailerons Reduce Wing Twisting in Rolls | |
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| Aeroelastic Effects on Static Longitudinal Stability | |
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| Stabilizer Twist and Speed Stability | |
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| Dihedral Effect of a Flexible Wing | |
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| Finite-Element or Panel Methods in Quasi-Static Aeroelasticity | |
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| Aeroelastically Corrected Stability Derivatives | |
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| Mean and Structural Axes | |
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| Normal Mode Analysis | |
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| Quasi-Rigid Equations | |
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| Control System Coupling with Elastic Modes | |
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| Reduced-Order Elastic Airplane Models | |
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| Second-Order Elastic Airplane Models | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Stability Augmentation | |
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| The Essence of Stability Augmentation | |
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| Automatic Pilots in History | |
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| The Systems Concept | |
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| Frequency Methods of Analysis | |
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| Early Experiments in Stability Augmentation | |
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| The Boeing B-47 Yaw Damper | |
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| The Northrop YB-49 Yaw Damper | |
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| The Northrop F-89 Sideslip Stability Augmentor | |
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| Root Locus Methods of Analysis | |
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| Transfer-Function Numerators | |
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| Transfer-Function Dipoles | |
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| Command Augmentation Systems | |
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| Roll-Ratcheting | |
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| Superaugmentation, or Augmentation for Unstable Airplanes | |
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| Propulsion-Controlled Aircraft | |
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| The Advent of Digital Stability Augmentation | |
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| Practical Problems with Digital Systems | |
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| Tine Domain and Linear Quadratic Optimization | |
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| Linear Quadratic Gaussian Controllers | |
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| Failed Applications of Optimal Control | |
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| Robust Controllers, Adaptive Systems | |
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| Robust Controllers, Singular Value Analysis | |
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| Decoupled Controls | |
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| Integrated Thrust Modulation and Vectoring | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Flying Qualities Research Moves with the Times | |
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| Empirical Approaches to Pilot-Induced Oscillations | |
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| Compensatory Operation and Model Categories | |
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| Crossover Model | |
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| Pilot Equalization for the Crossover Model | |
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| Algorithmic (Linear Optimal Control) Model | |
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| The Crossover Model and Pilot-Induced Oscillations | |
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| Gibson Approach | |
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| Neal-Smith Approach | |
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| Bandwidth-Phase Delay Criteria | |
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| Landing Approach and Turn Studies | |
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| Implications for Modern Transport Airplanes | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Challenge of Stealth Aerodynamics | |
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| Faceted Airframe Issues | |
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| Parallel-Line Planform Issues | |
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| Shielded Vertical Tails and Leading-Edge Flaps | |
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| Fighters Without Vertical Tails | |
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| Very Large Aircraft | |
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| The Effect of Higher Wing Loadings | |
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| The Effect of Folding Wings | |
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| Altitude Response During Landing Approach | |
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| Longitudinal Dynamics | |
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| Roll Response of Large Airplanes | |
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| Large Airplanes with Reduced-Static Longitudinal Stability | |
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| Large Supersonic Airplanes | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Work Still to Be Done | |
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| Short Biographies of Some Stability and Control Figures | |
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| References and Core Bibliography | |
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| Index | |