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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Overview | |
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Geometry Unit | |
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Geometrical Representations (Chapter 12) | |
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Axiomatic Synthetic Geometry (Chapter 13) | |
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Proximity Measurement (Chapter 14) | |
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Color and Force Measurement (Chapter 15) | |
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Threshold and Error Unit | |
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Representations with Thresholds (Chapter 16) | |
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Representations of Choice Probabilities (Chapter 17) | |
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Geometrical Representations | |
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Introduction | |
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Vector Representations | |
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Vector Spaces | |
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Analytic Affine Geometry | |
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Analytic Projective Geometry | |
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Analytic Euclidean Geometry | |
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Meaningfulness in Analytic Geometry | |
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Minicowski Geometry | |
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General Projective Metrics | |
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Metric Representations | |
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General Metrics with Geodesies | |
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Elementary Spaces and the Helmholtz-Lie Problem | |
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Riemannian Metrics | |
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Other Metrics | |
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Exercises | |
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Axiomatic Geometry and Applications | |
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Introduction | |
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Order on the Line | |
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Betweenness: Affine Order | |
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Separation: Projective Order | |
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Proofs | |
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Projective Planes | |
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Projective Spaces | |
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Affine and Absolute Spaces | |
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Ordered Geometric Spaces | |
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Affine Spaces | |
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Absolute Spaces | |
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Euclidean Spaces | |
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Hyperbolic Spaces | |
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Elliptic Spaces | |
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Double Elliptic Spaces | |
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Single Elliptic Spaces | |
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Classical Space-Time | |
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Space-Time of Special Relativity | |
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Other Axiomatic Approaches | |
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Perceptual Spaces | |
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Historical Survey through the Nineteenth Century | |
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General Considerations Concerning Perceptual Spaces | |
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Experimental Work before Luneburg's Theory | |
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Luneburg Theory of Binocular Vision | |
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Experiments Relevant to Luneburg's Theory | |
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Other Studies | |
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Exercises | |
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Proximity Measurement | |
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Introduction | |
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Metrics with Additive Segments | |
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Collinearity | |
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Constructive Methods | |
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Representation and Uniqueness Theorems | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 2 | |
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Reduction to Extensive Measurement | |
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Theorem 3 | |
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Theorem 4 | |
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Multidimensional Representations | |
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Decomposability | |
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Intradimensional Subtractivity | |
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Interdimensional Additivity | |
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The Additive-Difference Model | |
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Additive-Difference Metrics | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 5 | |
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Theorem 6 | |
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Theorem 7 | |
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Theorem 9 | |
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Preliminary Lemma | |
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Theorem 10 | |
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Experimental Tests of Multidimensional Representations | |
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Relative Curvature | |
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Translation Invariance | |
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The Triangle Inequality | |
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Feature Representations | |
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The Contrast Model | |
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Empirical Applications | |
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Comparing Alternative Representations | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 11 | |
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Exercises | |
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Color and Force Measurement | |
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Introduction | |
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Grassmann Structures | |
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Formulation of the Axioms | |
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Representation and Uniqueness Theorems | |
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Discussion of Proofs of Theorems 3 and 4 | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 3 | |
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Theorem 4 | |
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Color Interpretations | |
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Metameric Color Matching | |
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Tristimulus Colorimetry | |
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Four Ways to Misunderstand Color Measurement | |
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Asymmetric Color Matching | |
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The Dimensional Structure of Color and Force | |
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Color Codes and Metamer Codes | |
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Photopigments | |
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Force Measurement and Dynamical Theory | |
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Color Theory in a Measurement Framework | |
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The Konig and Hurvich-Jameson Color Theories | |
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Representations of 2-Chromatic Reduction Structures | |
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The Konig Theory and Alternatives | |
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Codes Based on Color Attributes | |
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The Cancellation Procedure | |
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Representation and Uniqueness Theorems | |
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Tests and Extensions of Quantitative Opponent-Colors Theory | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 6 | |
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Theorem 9 | |
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Theorem 10 | |
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Exercises | |
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Representations with Thresholds | |
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Introduction | |
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Three Approaches to Nontransitive Data | |
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Idea of Thresholds | |
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Overview | |
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Ordinal Theory | |
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Upper, Lower, and Two-Sided Thresholds | |
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Induced Quasiorders: Interval Orders and Semiorders | |
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Compatible Relations | |
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Biorders: A Generalization of Interval Orders | |
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Tight Representations | |
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Constant-Threshold Representations | |
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Interval and Indifference Graphs | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 2 | |
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Lemma 1 | |
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Theorem 6 | |
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Theorem 9 | |
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Theorem 10 | |
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Theorem 11 | |
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Theorems 14 and 15 | |
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Ordinal Theory for Families of Orders | |
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Finite Families of Interval Orders and Semiorders | |
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Order Relations Induced by Binary Probabilities | |
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Dimension of Partial Orders | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 16 | |
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Theorem 17 | |
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Theorem 18 | |
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Theorem 19 | |
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Semiordered Additive Structures | |
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Possible Approaches to Semiordered Probability Structures | |
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Probability with Approximate Standard Families | |
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Axiomatization of Semiordered Probability Structures | |
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Weber's Law and Semiorders | |
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Proof of Theorem 24 | |
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Random-Variable Representations | |
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Weak Representations of Additive Conjoint and Extensive Structures | |
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Variability as Measured by Moments | |
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Qualitative Primitives for Moments | |
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Axiom System for Qualitative Moments | |
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Representation Theorem and Proof | |
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Exercises | |
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Representation of Choice Probabilities | |
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Introduction | |
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Empirical Interpretations | |
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Probabilistic Representations | |
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Ordinal Representations for Pair Comparisons | |
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Stochastic Transitivity | |
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Difference Structures | |
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Local Difference Structures | |
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Additive Difference Structures | |
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Intransitive Preferences | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 2 | |
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Theorem 3 | |
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Theorem 4 | |
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Constant Repmsentations for Multiple Choice | |
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Simple Scalabihty | |
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The Strict-Utility Model | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 5 | |
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Theorem 7 | |
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Random Variable Representations | |
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The Random-Utility Model | |
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The Independent Double-Exponential Model | |
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Error Tradeoff | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 9 | |
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Theorem 12 | |
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Theorem 13 | |
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Markovian Elimination Processes | |
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The General Model | |
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Elimination by Aspects | |
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Preference Trees | |
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Proofs | |
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Theorem 15 | |
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Theorem 16 | |
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Theorem 17 | |
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Exercises | |
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References | |
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Author Index | |
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Subject Index | |