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| Preface | |
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| Symbols | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Characteristic Numbers | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Regimes | |
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| The Electromagnetic Field | |
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| Introduction-Units | |
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| Electrostatics | |
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| Magnetostatics | |
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| The Electromagnetic Field | |
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| Electromagnetic Forces and Energy | |
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| Electromagnetic Waves | |
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| Transformation to Moving Coordinates-Special Relativity | |
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| Motion of Charged Particles | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Motion in a Uniform Magnetic Field | |
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| Motion in Uniform Electric and Magnetic Fields | |
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| Motion in Uniform Magnetic Field-Time-varying Electric Field | |
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| Motion in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field | |
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| Magnetic Moment | |
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| Adiabatic Invariants | |
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| Specific Heats | |
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| Motion in the Direction of the Magnetic Field-"Magnetic Mirror" | |
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| Hamiltonian Formulation | |
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| Electric Currents in an Ionized Gas | |
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| Magnetic Field Pressure | |
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| Statistical Behavior of Plasmas | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Distribution Functions | |
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| Averages | |
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| Fluxes | |
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| Isotropic Equilibrium Distribution Function | |
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| Properties of the Isotropic Distribution Function | |
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| Knudsen Diffusion | |
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| Collision Frequency | |
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| Mean Free Path | |
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| Boltzmann's Equation | |
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| Filling of a Vacuum by a Collisionless Neutral Gas | |
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| Equilibrium Distribution Function in an Electric Field | |
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| Debye Shielding Length | |
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| Plasma Probes | |
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| Child's Law | |
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| Distribution Function in a Magnetic Field | |
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| Classical Pinch | |
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| Conservation Equations | |
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| Conduction and Diffusion in Ionized Gases | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Collision Term in Boltzmann's Equation | |
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| Lorentz Approximation in a Uniform Gas | |
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| Collision Cross Sections | |
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| Electron Temperature-Lorentz Approximation | |
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| Electrical Conductivity-Lorentz Approximation | |
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| Thermal Conduction and Diffusion-Lorentz Approximation | |
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| Electrical Conduction and Diffusion in Partially Ionized Gases | |
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| Large Electron Velocities and Runaway Electrons | |
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| Species-conservation Equations | |
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| Ambipolar Diffusion | |
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| Fokker-Planck Equation | |
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| Quantum Statistics and Ionization Equilibrium | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Quantum Mechanics | |
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| Statistics | |
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| Partition Function | |
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| Relation to Thermodynamics | |
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| Properties of the Partition Function | |
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| Chemical and Ionization Equilibrium | |
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| Effect of Debye Shielding on Ionization | |
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| Nonequilibrium Ionization | |
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| Thermionic Emission | |
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| Electromagnetic Waves and Radiation in Plasmas | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Radiation from Hot Plasmas | |
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| Forced Plasma Oscillations | |
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| Free Longitudinal Plasma Oscillations | |
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| Propagation of Transverse Waves | |
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| Damping in Collision-free Plasmas | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Flows | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Equations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Continuum Model and Flow Equations | |
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| The Magnetohydrodynamic Approximation | |
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| Simplified Equations | |
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| Similarity Parameters | |
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| Alfven and Shock Waves | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Waves | |
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| The Magnetohydrodynamic Discontinuity | |
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| General Shock Relations | |
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| Rankine-Hugoniot Equation | |
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| Entropy Jumps | |
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| Friedrichs's Shock Equations | |
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| Fast and Slow Shocks | |
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| Shocks with B[subscript x] = 0 | |
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| Alfven Shocks | |
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| Friedrichs's Diagram | |
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| Other Discontinuities | |
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| Shocks in Perfect Gases | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exact Solutions for Magnetohydrodynamic Channel Flows | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Hartmann Flow | |
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| Couette Flow | |
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| Transient Couette Flow | |
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| The Hall Effect-Tensor Conductivity | |
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| The Modified Hartmann Flow | |
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| Secondary Flows | |
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| Inviscid Two-dimensional Channel Flows | |
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| Channel Flows-Quasi-One-Dimensional Approximation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Quasi-one-dimensional Approximation | |
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| Flow Equations | |
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| General Nature of Perfect-gas Flows | |
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| Exact Solutions | |
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| The Isentropic Approximation | |
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| Numerical Solutions for Real-gas Flows | |
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| Boundary Layers | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Rayleigh Problem | |
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| Formulation of Boundary-layer Equations | |
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| Incompressible Boundary Layers | |
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| Compressible Boundary Layers | |
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| Magnetic Boundary Layers | |
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| Applications | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Propulsion | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Crossed-field Accelerators | |
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| Hall Current Accelerator | |
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| Pulsed Accelerators Using Electrodes | |
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| Electrodeless Accelerators | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamic Power Generation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| MHD Generator Geometries | |
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| Local Inviscid Analyses of Linear MHD Generators | |
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| Seeding and Ionization in MHD Generators | |
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| Conversion Efficiency of MHD Generators | |
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| Electrical Losses in MHD Generators | |
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| Compressible Flow in Faradaycurrent MHD Generators | |
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| MHD Power Generation Systems | |
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| MHD Generator Experiments | |
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| Problems | |
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| Index | |