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| Preface to the Dover Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| The Language of Alchemy | |
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| Allegory and Analogy in Alchemical Literature | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Difficulty of Recognizing an Alchemical Text | |
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| Astronomy and Alchemy | |
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| Mythology and Alchemy | |
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| Theology and Alchemy | |
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| Some other Allegories | |
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| The Difficulty of Interpreting the Texts | |
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| Man as a Source of Analogy | |
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| The Chemical Medicine | |
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| Analogies Drawn from the Animal and Vegetable Kingdoms | |
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| Sexual Symbolism | |
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| Analogies for Chemical Processes | |
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| Allegorical Time | |
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| Description of the Goal of Alchemy | |
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| Further Difficulties of Language | |
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| The Special Use of Common Language | |
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| Paradox | |
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| Geometrical Representation | |
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| Colour Symbolism | |
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| Pictorial Representation | |
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| Secret Names | |
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| The Principle of Dispersion | |
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| Codes | |
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| The Dilemma of Alchemical Literature | |
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| The Importance of the Written Word in the Alchemical Tradition | |
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| The Limitations of Alchemical Literature | |
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| The Reasons for Obscurity | |
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| Intentional Obscurity | |
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| Semantic Change | |
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| Errors due to Faulty Translation and Copying | |
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| The Effect of Obscurity in Alchemical Literature | |
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| Early Chemical Terminology | |
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| Early Terminology and Names Based on Physical Properties | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ancient Terminology | |
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| Methods of Naming Substances | |
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| Colour as a Basis for Chemical Names | |
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| Terminology based on Consistency and Crystalline Form | |
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| Terminology based on the Senses of Taste and Smell | |
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| Terminology Based on Other Considerations | |
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| The Association of Metals and Related Compounds with the Planets | |
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| Terminology based on the Names of Persons | |
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| Terminology based on Place Names | |
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| Terminology based on Medicinal Properties | |
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| Terminology based on the Method of Preparation of a Substance | |
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| The Growth of Chemistry | |
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| Chemical Terminology in the Pharmacopoeias | |
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| The Admission of New Substances into Chemistry | |
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| Obscure, Mystical and Contradictory Terminology | |
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| The Confusion caused by the Use of the Same Name for Different Substances or Different Names for the Same Substance | |
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| The Confusion resulting from Semantic Change | |
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| Simple Terminology not Adaptable in an Expanding Science | |
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| The Growth in Knowledge of the Constituent Parts of Compounds | |
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| The Move Towards Reform | |
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| Criticisms of Terminology | |
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| The Superiority of Names based on Composition | |
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| Nomenclature by Definition | |
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| The Need for Reform | |
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| The Introduction of Systematic Nomenclature into Chemistry and the Acceptance of the 1787 Reform | |
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| Early Examples of Systematic Nomenclature | |
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| Similar Names for Compounds of Similar Chemical Constitution | |
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| Latin Binomial Terms | |
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| Macquer's Proposals | |
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| The Reform of Nomenclature in Botany | |
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| Early Botanical Nomenclature | |
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| Linnaeus' reform | |
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| Linnaeus' Influence on Bergman | |
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| Bergman's Chemical Nomenclature | |
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| Bergman's Nomenclature up to 1775 | |
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| The Development of Bergman's Nomenclature | |
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| Bergman's scheme of 1784 | |
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| The Chemical Nomenclature Proposed by Guyton De Morveau | |
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| Guyton's Early Dissatisfaction with Nomenclature | |
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| The Influence of Bergman on Guyton | |
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| Guyton's Memoir of 1782 | |
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| Its reception by Guyton's Contemporaries | |
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| Further Proposals by Guyton | |
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| The Relationship between Guyton and Bergman | |
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| The Events Leading up to the Publication of the 'Methode de Nomenclature Chimique' (1787) | |
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| Lavoisier's Interest in Nomenclature | |
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| Condillac's Influence | |
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| Fourcroy and the Question of Nomenclature | |
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| Berthollet | |
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| The Collaboration of Guyton and Lavoisier | |
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| The 'Methode de Nomenclature Chimique' and the Introduction of the Reformed Nomenclature in France | |
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| Lavoisier's Memoir | |
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| Guyton's Memoir | |
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| Other Important Contents of the Methode | |
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| Its Reception by the Academie | |
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| Criticisms of the Nomenclature in France | |
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| The Spread of the New Nomenclature in France | |
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| The Reception of the New Nomenclature in Britain | |
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| The Translation of the Methode | |
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| English Translations of Fourcroy and Lavoisier | |
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| A Translation of the Table of Nomenclature | |
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| The Attitude to the New Nomenclature of Cavendish, Black and Priestley | |
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| Keir's Criticisms | |
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| Irish Views on the New Nomenclature | |
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| The Influence of Bergman's Terminology in Britain | |
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| The Names of the Alkalis | |
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| Other Proposals for Chemical Nomenclature | |
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| The Introduction of the New Terms as Synonyms | |
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| The Acceptance of the New Nomenclature in Britain | |
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| The Adoption of the New Nomenclature in other Countries | |
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| Germany | |
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| Sweden | |
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| Italy | |
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| Spain | |
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| Portugal | |
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| Russia | |
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| America | |
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| Early Nineteenth-Century Amendments and Improvements to the 1787 Reform in the Field of Inorganic Chemistry | |
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| Early Moves towards a Quantitative Nomenclature | |
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| The Part played by Thomas Thomson, Berzelius and Davy | |
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| Chemical Symbolism | |
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| Alchemical Symbols | |
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| Origin | |
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| Classification | |
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| Interpretation | |
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| Compound Symbols | |
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| The Use of Alchemical Symbols in the Eighteenth Century | |
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| The Symbols of Hassenfratz and Adet | |
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| Dalton's Atomic Symbols | |
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| The Symbols of Berzelius | |
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| The Early Use of Abbreviations | |
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| Berzelius' Symbols | |
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| The General Adoption of Berzelius' Symbols | |
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| The Language of Organic Chemistry | |
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| The Beginnings of Organic Chemistry | |
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| Early Organic Chemistry | |
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| The Place of Organic Chemistry in the 1787 Reform of Nomenclature | |
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| The Quantitative Analysis of Organic Compounds | |
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| The Pyro-Acids and Destructive Distillation | |
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| The vague Use of the Term 'Ether' | |
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| Different Names for the Same Compound | |
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| The Naming of Compounds by Word Contractions | |
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| Nomenclature Based on Systems of Classification and Theories of Organic Chemistry | |
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| Systematic Word-Endings | |
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| The Radical Theory | |
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| The Type Theory | |
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| Dumas' Nomenclature | |
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| Laurent's Nomenclature | |
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| Gmelin's Nomenclature | |
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| The 'New Type Theory' | |
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| Systems of Classification | |
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| The 'Copula' in Organic Chemistry | |
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| The Representation of Organic Compounds by Formulae | |
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| Confusion in the Use of Chemical Symbols | |
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| 'Rational' Formulae | |
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| Isomerism | |
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| Structural Formulae | |
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| The Development of a Systematic Nomenclature for Organic Chemistry | |
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| The Contributions of Berzelius, Gerhardt and Hofmann | |
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| The Karlsruhe Congress | |
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| Other Steps towards a Reform of Nomenclature | |
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| The Geneva Congress | |
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| The Twentieth Century | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index of Names | |
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| Index of Subjects and Chemical Names | |