| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Description of Crystals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atom Packing in fcc and hcp Crystals | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Stereographic Projection | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structure Determination | |
| |
| |
| |
| X-ray Diffraction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Plastic Deformation of Metal Crystals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Slip Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Resolved Shear Stress (Schmidt Factor) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Single-Crystal Tensile Tests (fcc) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Relationship to Polycrystalline Deformation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Theoretical Strength of Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Edge Dislocation | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Screw Dislocation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mixed Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Terminology of "Crooked" Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dislocation Loops | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mobile Dislocations in Real Crystals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Observation of Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elastic Strain Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy of Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forces upon Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Stress Field Produced by Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Line Tension | |
| |
| |
| |
| Extended Dislocations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dislocations in fcc Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Frank-Read Generator | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interpretation of Plastic Flow in Terms of Dislocation Motion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Vacancies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Vacancy Formation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phenomenological Approach | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atomistic Approach | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
| Classification, Geometry, and Energy of Interfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
| Surface Tension and Surface Free Energy of Interfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Shape of Grains in Two and Three Dimensions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Grain-Boundary Segregation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motion of Grain Boundaries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Homogeneous Nucleation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Heterogeneous Nucleation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Solidification | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Solidfication of Pure Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Solidification of Alloys | |
| |
| |
| |
| Solidification of Eutectic Alloys | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cast Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Recovery and Recrystal- Lization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stored Energy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Release of Stored Energy during Annealing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kinetics of Recovery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleation Mechanisms for Recrystallization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kinetics of Recrystallization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Control of Recrystallization Temperature and Grain Size | |
| |
| |
| |
| Related Topics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Precipitation from Solid Solutions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Review of Free-Energy Composition Diagrams | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Precipitation Transformation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleation in the Solid State | |
| |
| |
| |
| Kinetics of Precipitation Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Precipitation Hardening | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion-Controlled Growth of Equilibrium Precipitates | |
| |
| |
| |
| Single-Phase Precipitates | |
| |
| |
| |
| Eutectoid Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Discontinuous Precipitation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Martensitic Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Twinning | |
| |
| |
| |
| Crystallography of Martensitic Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Some Characteristics of Martensitic Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermodynamics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermoelastic Martensites | |
| |
| |
| |
| Additional Characteristics of Martensitic Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nucleation of Martensite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary and Comparison with Massive Transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bainite | |
| |
| |
| |
| Some Applications of Physical Metallurgy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Strengthening Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Strength and Ductility | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Physical Metallurgy of Some High-Strength Steels? | |
| |
| |
| |
| S.I. Units | |
| |
| |
| Index | |