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Chemical Process Technology

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ISBN-10: 0471630624

ISBN-13: 9780471630623

Edition: 2001

Authors: Jacob A. Moulijn, Michiel Makkee, Annelies E. van Diepen

List price: $80.00
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Description:

Providing an essential bridge between chemistry and the chemical industry, this text focuses on chemical reactions and the reactor since this is at the heart of each process.
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Book details

List price: $80.00
Copyright year: 2001
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated
Publication date: 6/4/2001
Binding: Paperback
Pages: 468
Size: 6.50" wide x 9.25" long x 1.00" tall
Weight: 1.738
Language: English

Dr. Andrzej Cybulski is the Head of Department of Process Development in CHEMIPAN, the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He authored of 120 papers published in journals and presented at scientific conferences, co-author and co-editor of two books (two editions of "Structured Catalysts and Reactors"), author of 20 patents. He received the First and the Second awards from the Polish Association of Chemical Engineers for the implementing chemical technologies in pharmaceutical industries.#60;br#62;#60;br#62;Prof. Jacob A. Moulijn is Emeritus Professor of Catalysis Engineering at the Delft University of Technology. He has been consultant of several companies and…    

Preface
Introduction
The Chemical Industry
Introduction
Structure of the chemical industry
Raw materials and energy
Fossil fuel consumption and reserves
Energy and the chemical industry
Composition of fossil fuels
Base chemicals
Processes in the Oil Refinery
Oil refinery--an overview
Physical processes
Desalting/dehydration
Crude distillation
Propane deasphalting
Thermal processes
Visbreaking
Delayed coking
Catalytic processes
Catalytic cracking
Hydrotreating
Hydrocracking
Catalytic reforming
Alkylation
Conversion of heavy residues
Flexicoking
Catalytic hydrogenation of residues
Treatment of refinery gas streams
Removal of H[subscript 2]S from refinery exhaust gases
Recovery of hydrogen from refinery gas streams
Current and future trends in oil refining
Reformulated gasoline
Diesel
The use of zeolites for shape selectivity in the oil refinery
Alternative technology and fuels
Steam Cracking: Production of Lower Alkenes
Introduction
Cracking reactions
Thermodynamics
Mechanism
Kinetics
Industrial process
Influence of feedstock on steam cracker operation and products
Cracking furnace
Heat exchanger
Coke
Product processing
Current and future developments
Selective dehydrogenation
Other sources of lower alkenes
Synthesis Gas
Introduction
Synthesis gas from natural gas
Reactions and thermodynamics
Steam reforming process
Advances in steam reforming
Autothermic reforming
Novel developments
Coal gasification
Gasification reactions
Thermodynamics
Current coal gasification processes
Recent developments
Applications
Purification and adjustment of synthesis gas
Conversion of carbon monoxide
Gas purification
Bulk Chemicals and Synthetic Fuels Derived from Synthesis Gas
Ammonia
Background information
Thermodynamics
Commercial ammonia synthesis reactors
Ammonia synthesis loop
Integrated ammonia plant
Applications of ammonia
Methanol
Background information
Thermodynamics
Synthesis gas for methanol production
Methanol synthesis
Applications of methanol
Fischer--Tropsch process
Reactions and thermodynamics
Reactors used in Fischer--Tropsch synthesis
Carbon removal
Processes
Future developments
Inorganic Bulk Chemicals
Sulfuric acid
Reactions and thermodynamics
SO[subscript 2] conversion reactor
Modern sulfuric acid production process
Catalyst deactivation
Nitric acid
Reactions and thermodynamics
Processes
NO[subscript x] abatement
Homogeneous Catalysis
Introduction
Wacker oxidation
Background information
Processes
Acetic acid production
Background information
Methanol carbonylation process
Process economics
Hydroformylation
Background information
Thermodynamics
Catalyst development
Processes
Dimethyl terephthalate and terephthalic acid production
Background information
Conversion of p-toluic acid intermediate
Processes
Process comparison
Review of reactors used in homogeneous catalysis
Choice of reactor
Exchanging heat
Review of catalyst/product separation methods
Current separation techniques
Future developments
Heterogeneous Catalysis--Concepts and Examples
Introduction
Catalyst design
Catalyst size and shape
Mechanical properties of catalyst particles
Reactor types and their characteristics
Reactor types
Exchanging heat
Role of catalyst deactivation
Other issues
Novel developments in reactor technology
Adiabatic reactor with periodic flow reversal
Structured catalytic reactors
Hybrid systems
Selected examples of heterogeneous catalysis
Ethylbenzene and styrene production
Selective oxidations
Monolith applications
Fine Chemistry
Introduction
Plants for the production of fine chemicals
Batch reactor design
Mechanically stirred batch reactors
Batch reactors for gas-liquid-solid systems
Batch reactor scale-up
Temperature control
Heat transfer
Example of the scale-up of a batch and semi-batch reactor
Safety aspects of fine chemicals
Thermal risks in the production of chemicals
Safety and process development
Summary of scale-up of batch reactors
Polymerization Processes
Introduction
Polymerization reactions
Types of polymerization
Mechanisms of chain-growth polymerization
Polyethenes - background information
Catalyst development
Classification and properties
Applications
Processes for the production of polyethenes
Monomer production and purification
Polymerization--exothermicity
Production of LDPE
Production of HDPE and LLDPE
Economics of polyethene production processes
Biotechnology
Introduction
Conversion Processes
Introduction
Mode of operation
Type of reactor
Sterilization
Fermentation technology--cell biomass (bakers' yeast production)
Process layout
Cultivation equipment
Downstream processing
Fermentation technology--metabolic products (biomass as renewable energy source)
Ethanol
Biogas
Environmental application--wastewater treatment
Introduction
Process layout
Biological treatment processes
Enzyme technology--biocatalysts for transformations
General aspects
Production of L-amino acids
Production of artificial sweeteners
Process Development
Dependence of strategy on product type and raw materials
The course of process development
Development of individual steps
Exploratory phase
From process concept to preliminary flow sheet
Pilot plants/miniplants
Scale-up
Reactors with a single fluid phase
Fixed-bed catalytic reactors
Catalyst stability and accumulation of impurities
Safety and loss prevention
Introduction
Safety issues
Reactivity hazards
Design approaches to safety
Process evaluation
Introduction
Capital cost estimation
Operating costs and earnings
Profitability measures
Current and future trends
Chemical industry--Figures
Main Symbols used in Flow Schemes
Index