| |
| |
| Preface to the First Edition | |
| |
| |
| Preface to the Second Edition | |
| |
| |
| Preface to the Third Edition | |
| |
| |
| Preface to Third Edition Revised | |
| |
| |
| Preface to Fourth Edition | |
| |
| |
| Acknowledgements | |
| |
| |
| Notation and Definitions | |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Reliability Engineering | |
| |
| |
| What is Reliability Engineering? | |
| |
| |
| Why Teach Reliability Engineering? | |
| |
| |
| Why do Engineering Items Fail? | |
| |
| |
| Probabilistic Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Repairable and Non-repairable Items | |
| |
| |
| The Pattern of Failures with Time (Non-repairable Items) | |
| |
| |
| The Pattern of Failures with Time (Repairable Items) | |
| |
| |
| The Development of Reliability Engineering | |
| |
| |
| Courses, Conferences and Literature | |
| |
| |
| Organizations Involved in Reliability Work | |
| |
| |
| Reliability as an Effectiveness Parameter | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Programme Activities | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Economics and Management | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Mathematics | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Variation | |
| |
| |
| Probability Concepts | |
| |
| |
| Rules of Probability | |
| |
| |
| Continuous Variation | |
| |
| |
| Continuous Distribution Functions | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Continuous Statistical Distributions | |
| |
| |
| Variation in Engineering | |
| |
| |
| Discrete variation | |
| |
| |
| Statistical Confidence | |
| |
| |
| Statistical Hypothesis Testing | |
| |
| |
| Non-parametric Inferential Methods | |
| |
| |
| Goodness of Fit | |
| |
| |
| Series of Events (Point Processes) | |
| |
| |
| Computer Software for Statistics | |
| |
| |
| Practical Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Probability Plotting | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Ranking of Data | |
| |
| |
| Probability Plotting Techniques | |
| |
| |
| Lognormal Probability Plots | |
| |
| |
| Weibull Probability Plots | |
| |
| |
| Extreme Value Probability Plotting | |
| |
| |
| Hazard Plotting | |
| |
| |
| Choosing the Distribution and Assessing the Results | |
| |
| |
| Probability Plotting for Binomial Data | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Load-strength Interference | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Distributed Load and Strength | |
| |
| |
| Analysis of Load-strength Interference | |
| |
| |
| Effect of Safety Margin and Loading Roughness on Reliability (Multiple Load Applications) | |
| |
| |
| Practical Aspects | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Statistical Experiments | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Statistical Design of Experiments and Analysis of Variance | |
| |
| |
| Non-parametric Methods | |
| |
| |
| Randomizing the Data | |
| |
| |
| Engineering Interpretation of Results | |
| |
| |
| The Taguchi Method | |
| |
| |
| Evolutionary Operation | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Prediction and Modelling | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Fundamental Limitations of Reliability Prediction | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Databases | |
| |
| |
| The Practical Approach | |
| |
| |
| Systems Reliability Models | |
| |
| |
| Availability of Repairable Systems | |
| |
| |
| Modular Design | |
| |
| |
| Block Diagram Analysis | |
| |
| |
| Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) | |
| |
| |
| Petri Nets | |
| |
| |
| State-space Analysis (Markov Analysis) | |
| |
| |
| Monte Carlo Simulation | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Apportionment | |
| |
| |
| Standard Methods for Reliability Prediction and Modelling | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability in Design | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Computer-aided Engineering | |
| |
| |
| Environments | |
| |
| |
| Design Analysis Methods | |
| |
| |
| Quality Function Deployment (QFD) | |
| |
| |
| Load-strength Analysis (LSA) | |
| |
| |
| Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Predictions for FMECA | |
| |
| |
| Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) | |
| |
| |
| Parts, Materials and Processes (PMP) Review | |
| |
| |
| Non-material Failure Modes | |
| |
| |
| Human Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Design Analysis for Processes | |
| |
| |
| Critical Items List | |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| Management of Design Review | |
| |
| |
| Configuration Control | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability of Mechanical Components and Systems | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Mechanical Stress, Strength and Fracture | |
| |
| |
| Fatigue | |
| |
| |
| Creep | |
| |
| |
| Wear | |
| |
| |
| Corrosion | |
| |
| |
| Vibration and Shock | |
| |
| |
| Temperature Effects | |
| |
| |
| Materials | |
| |
| |
| Components | |
| |
| |
| Processes | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Electronic Systems Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Reliability of Electronic Components | |
| |
| |
| Component Types and Failure Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Device Failure Modes | |
| |
| |
| Circuit and System Aspects | |
| |
| |
| Electronic System Reliability Prediction | |
| |
| |
| Reliability in Electronic System Design | |
| |
| |
| Parameter Variation and Tolerances | |
| |
| |
| Design for Production, Test and Maintenance | |
| |
| |
| Bibliographry | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Software Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Software in Engineering Systems | |
| |
| |
| Software Errors | |
| |
| |
| Preventing Errors | |
| |
| |
| Software Structure and Modularity | |
| |
| |
| Programming Style | |
| |
| |
| Fault Tolerance | |
| |
| |
| Redundancy/Diversity | |
| |
| |
| Languages | |
| |
| |
| Data Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Software Checking | |
| |
| |
| Software Design Analysis Methods | |
| |
| |
| Software Testing | |
| |
| |
| Error Reporting | |
| |
| |
| Software Reliability Prediction and Measurement | |
| |
| |
| Hardware/Software Interfaces | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Testing | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Planning Reliability Testing | |
| |
| |
| Test Environments | |
| |
| |
| Testing for Reliability and Durability: Accelerated Test | |
| |
| |
| Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Action Systems (FRACAS) | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Analysing Reliability Data | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Pareto Analysis | |
| |
| |
| Accelerated Test Data Analysis | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Analysis of Repairable Systems | |
| |
| |
| CUSUM Charts | |
| |
| |
| Exploratory Data Analysis and Proportional Hazards Modelling | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Demonstration | |
| |
| |
| Combining Results Using Bayesian Statistics | |
| |
| |
| Non-parametric Methods | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Growth Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| Making Reliability Grow | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability in Manufacture | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Control of Production Variability | |
| |
| |
| Control of Human Variation | |
| |
| |
| Acceptance Sampling | |
| |
| |
| Improving the Process | |
| |
| |
| Quality Control in Electronics Production | |
| |
| |
| Stress Screening | |
| |
| |
| Production Failure Reporting Analysis and Corrective Action System (FRACAS) | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Maintainability, Maintenance and Availability | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Maintenance Time Distributions | |
| |
| |
| Preventive Maintenance Strategy | |
| |
| |
| FMECA and FTA in Maintenance Planning | |
| |
| |
| Maintenance Schedules | |
| |
| |
| Technology Aspects | |
| |
| |
| Calibration | |
| |
| |
| Maintainability Prediction | |
| |
| |
| Maintainability Demonstration | |
| |
| |
| Design for Maintainability | |
| |
| |
| Integrated Logistic Support | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Reliability Management | |
| |
| |
| Corporate Policy for Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Integrated Reliability Programmes | |
| |
| |
| Reliability and Costs | |
| |
| |
| Safety and Product Liability | |
| |
| |
| Standards for Reliability, Quality and Safety | |
| |
| |
| Specifying Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Contracting for Reliability Achievement | |
| |
| |
| Managing Lower-Level Suppliers | |
| |
| |
| The Reliability Manual | |
| |
| |
| The Project Reliability Plan | |
| |
| |
| Use of External Services | |
| |
| |
| Customer Management of Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Selecting and Training for Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Organization for Reliability | |
| |
| |
| Managing Production Quality | |
| |
| |
| Quality Audit | |
| |
| |
| Quality Management Approaches | |
| |
| |
| Choosing the Methods: Strategy and Tactics | |
| |
| |
| Conclusions: Greed, Fear and Freedom | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| The Standard Cumulative Normal Distribution Function | |
| |
| |
| Values of y = exp (- x) | |
| |
| |
| Percentiles of the X[superscript 2] Distribution | |
| |
| |
| Values of the F-distribution | |
| |
| |
| Kolmogorov-Smirnov Tables | |
| |
| |
| Rank Tables (Median, 5%, 95%) | |
| |
| |
| Matrix Algebra Revision | |
| |
| |
| Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Action System (FRACAS) | |
| |
| |
| Reliability, Maintainability (and Safety) Plan Example | |
| |
| |
| Index | |