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Preface to the 2005 Edition | |
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Preface to the 1985 Edition | |
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Theoretical and Clinical Aspects | |
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Turning Anxiety on Its Head: An Overview | |
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The Paradox of Anxiety | |
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Changing Concepts of Anxiety | |
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Distinguishing Anxiety, Fear, Phobias, and Panic | |
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Anxiety and Fear | |
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Phoblas and Panic Attacks | |
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"Realistic" and "Unrealistic" Fears | |
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Hoch's Paradox | |
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Future Danger and Present Danger | |
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The Function of Anxiety | |
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Adaptational Aspects | |
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Anxiety as a Strategy in Response to Threat | |
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Survival Mechanisms | |
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Reflexes | |
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Defensive Patterns | |
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Symptoms and Their Significance | |
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Symptoms and Symptoms | |
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Symptoms and Functions | |
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Major Reactions: Mobilization, Inhibition, Demobilization | |
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Free-Floating Anxiety-Fact or Artifact? | |
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Normal Versus Pathological Anxiety | |
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Thinking Disorder in Clinical Anxiety | |
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Attention, Concentration, and Vigilance | |
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"Alarm System" and "Automatic Thoughts" | |
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Loss of Objectivity and of Voluntary Control | |
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Stimulus Generalization | |
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Catastrophizing | |
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Selective Abstraction and Loss of Perspective | |
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Dichotomous Thinking | |
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Lack of Habituation | |
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Classification of Anxiety Disorders | |
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Panic Disorder | |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder | |
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | |
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Atypical Anxiety Disorder | |
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Phobic Disorders | |
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Agoraphobia | |
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Social Phobia | |
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Simple Phobia | |
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The Cognitive Model of Threat Reactions | |
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The Role of Context | |
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Primary Appraisal | |
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Secondary Appraisal | |
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Estimate of Danger | |
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Hostile Response | |
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The Nature of Cognitive Processing | |
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The Relation of Behavioral Activation and Inhibition to Motivation | |
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Distinguishing Between Behavior and Emotions | |
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The Vicious Cycle | |
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Primal Responses to Threat | |
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The Anergic and the Energic Systems | |
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Changes in Cognitive Content and Physiological Reactions | |
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The Relation of Anxiety to Other Defensive Responses | |
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Cognitive Structures and Anxiogenic Rules | |
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Cognitive Schemas | |
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The Function of Cognitive Set | |
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The Continuous Cycle | |
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The Modes | |
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Syndromes and Modes | |
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Assumptions, Rules, and Formulas | |
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Rules in Problematic Situations | |
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Rules in Anxiety Disorders | |
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Vulnerability: The Core of Anxiety Disorders | |
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The Concept of Vulnerability | |
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The Role of Skill Deficits | |
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Self-Doubt | |
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The Role of Context and Experience | |
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Interference With Effective Performance | |
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Catastrophic Predictions and Vicious Cycles | |
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The "Function" of Dysfunctional Behaviors | |
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Physical Danger | |
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Psychosocial Danger | |
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The Domains of Vulnerability | |
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Sectors of the Domain | |
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Threats to the Domain | |
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Threats to Sociality | |
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Threats to Individuality | |
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Specific Fears | |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder | |
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Incidence | |
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General View of the Etiology of Anxiety Disorders | |
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Biological Studies | |
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Precipitating Psychological Factors | |
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Interaction of Precipitating Factors with Previous Problems | |
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Do Cognitions Cause Anxiety Disorders? | |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder | |
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Symptomatology | |
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Types of Generalized Anxiety Disorder | |
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Specific Fears | |
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Self-Concept in Generalized Anxiety Disorder | |
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Self-Criticism in Anxiety and Depression | |
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The Differences Between Anxiety and Depression | |
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Panic Disorder | |
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Description | |
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Meaning of Panic Attacks | |
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Functional Analysis of Panic Attacks | |
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Precipitation of Panic Attacks | |
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Simple Phobias | |
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Definition of Phobia | |
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Differentiating Phobias From Fears | |
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The Refractoriness of Phobias | |
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Content of Fears and Phobias | |
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Classification | |
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Traumatic Phobias | |
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Fixation Phobias | |
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Specific Phobias | |
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The Meanings of Phobias | |
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Multiple PhobIas: Conceptual Continuity | |
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Relation of Fears to Phobias | |
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Self-Confidence Versus Vulnerability | |
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Dual Belief Systems | |
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Visual Images | |
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Identification with "Victim" | |
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Evolution, Rules, and Phobias | |
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The Agoraphobic Syndrome | |
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The Riddle of Agoraphobia | |
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The Development of Agoraphobia | |
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Predisposition and Precipitation | |
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Onset of Symptomatology | |
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Panic | |
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Attribution of Causality in Panic Attacks | |
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Cognitive Set: Vulnerability | |
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Dependency | |
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A Synthesis | |
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The Evaluation Anxieties | |
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The Essence of Evaluation Anxieties | |
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Before the Fall | |
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Common Features of Evaluative Threats | |
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Vulnerability | |
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Status and Ranking Order | |
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Self-Confidence | |
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Rules and Formulas | |
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Automatic Protective Reactions | |
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Social Phobias and Social Activities | |
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Paradoxes of Social Anxiety | |
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The Fear of Being Evaluated | |
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The Primal "Defenses" | |
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Differentiating Social Phobia from Agoraphobia | |
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Situations That Provoke the Phobic Symptoms | |
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Somatic Symptoms | |
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The Phenomena of Social Anxiety | |
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Shame and "Social Image" | |
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Fear of Loss of Love or Abandonment | |
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Public-Speaking Anxiety | |
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Test Anxiety | |
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A Synthesis | |
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Cognitive Therapy: Techniques and Applications | |
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Principles of Cognitive Therapy | |
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Cognitive Therapy Is Based on the Cognitive Model of Emotional Disorders | |
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Didactic Presentation | |
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Introducing Cognitive Therapy | |
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Levels of Fear | |
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Cognitive Therapy Is Brief and Time-Limited | |
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A Sound Therapeutic Relationship Is a Necessary Condition for Effective Cognitive Therapy | |
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Therapy Is a Collaborative Effort Between Therapist and Patient | |
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Cognitive Therapy Uses Primarily the Socratic Method | |
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Cognitive Therapy Is Structured and Directive | |
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Cognitive Therapy Is Problem-Oriented | |
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Conceptualization | |
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General Strategies | |
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Cognitive Therapy Is Based on an Educational Model | |
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Learning to Learn | |
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The Theory and Techniques of Cognitive Therapy Rely on the Inductive Method | |
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Homework Is a Central Feature of Cognitive Therapy | |
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Strategies and Techniques for Cognitive Restructuring | |
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Developing Self-Awareness | |
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Directing Patients | |
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Strategies and Techniques | |
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Counting Automatic Thoughts | |
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Questions | |
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Three Basic Approaches | |
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What's the Evidence? | |
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What's Another Way of Looking At It? | |
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So What if it Happens? | |
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Modifying Imagery | |
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Induced Images | |
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Delineating Maladaptive Patterns | |
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Pinpointing Cognitive Distortions | |
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Modification of Induced Images | |
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Techniques for Modifying Images | |
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Turn-Off Technique | |
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Repetition | |
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Time Projection | |
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Symbolic Images | |
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Decatastrophizing the Image | |
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Images and Thoughts | |
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Facilitating Change in Induced Images | |
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Substituting Positive Imagery | |
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Substituting Contrasting Imagery | |
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Exaggeration | |
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Coping Models | |
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Imagery to Reduce Threat | |
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Escaping a Worse Alternative | |
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Mixed Strategy | |
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Future Therapy | |
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Goal Rehearsal | |
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Modifying the Affective Component | |
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Accepting the Feelings | |
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Reducing Anxiety About Anxiety | |
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Reducing Shame About Showing Anxiety | |
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Normalizing Anxiety | |
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Active Acceptance | |
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Identifying Emotions | |
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Action Strategies | |
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Activity Schedules | |
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Increasing Tolerance for Anxiety | |
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Alcohol, Stimulants, Diet, Stress | |
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Maladaptive Coping Behavior | |
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Self-Observation | |
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Positive Self-Instruction | |
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Graphs and Diaries | |
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Concentration (or Distraction) Exercises | |
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Relaxation Methods | |
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Emotional Review | |
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Imagery Methods | |
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Metaphors | |
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Repeated Review Outside the Office | |
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Owning One's Emotions | |
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Sequential Reasoning | |
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Correlational Reasoning | |
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Analogical Reasoning | |
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Emotional Reasoning | |
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The Payoff | |
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Modifying the Behavioral Component | |
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Identifying Protective Mechanisms | |
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Motivation | |
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Explaining the Therapeutic Approach to the Patient | |
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Blocks to Learning | |
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Educational Devices | |
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Futility of Self-Protection | |
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Experiments | |
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Graded Steps or a Gradual Approximation | |
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Hierarchy | |
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Aids to Exposure | |
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Initiation Technique | |
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Self-Instruction | |
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Behavioral Rehearsal | |
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The Use of Significant Others | |
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Technical Aids | |
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Cognitive Avoidance | |
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The Critical-Decision Technique | |
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Surprise | |
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Choice | |
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Task Orientation | |
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Behavioral Thought | |
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The "As If" Technique | |
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Shame and Other Feared Experiences | |
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Developing Self-Confidence | |
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Agreeing | |
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Disagreeing | |
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Doing the Unexpected | |
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Making a Mistake Part of the Show | |
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Restructuring a Patient's Assumptions and Major Issues | |
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Identifying Assumptions | |
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Major Issues | |
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Identifying Major Issues | |
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Positive and Negative Reinforcers | |
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Psychological Double | |
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Development of Major Concerns | |
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Acceptance | |
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Competence | |
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Control | |
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Motivation and Major Concerns | |
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Postscript | |
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Appendix I | |
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Appendix II | |
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References | |
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Index | |