Patricia Erfurt-Cooper lectures in Tourism Resource Management at Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University and has authored or co-authored a number of books and articles in the fields of tourism, and environmental planning. Her research interests are risk management in volcanic environments and geothermal resources for human use.Dr. Malcolm Cooper is Vice President (Research) and holds the position of Professor of Tourism Management in the Graduate School of Asia Pacific Studies at Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University Japan. He is a specialist in tourism management and development, cultural tourism, sustainable tourism and environmental law, and has published over 80 books, refereed articles and… book chapters.