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| Preface to the Fourth Edition | |
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| An Approach to Astrophysics | |
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| Channels for Astronomical Information | |
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| X-Ray Astronomy: Development of a New Field | |
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| The Appropriate Set of Physical Laws | |
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| The Formation of Stars | |
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| The Hertzsprung-Russell and Color-Magnitude Diagrams | |
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| The Birth of Low-Mass Stars | |
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| Massive Stars | |
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| The Late Stages of Stellar Evolution | |
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| Abundance of the Chemical Elements in Stars and the Solar System | |
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| Origin of the Solar System | |
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| The Galaxy and the Local Group | |
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| The Formation of Large-Scale Structures | |
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| Black Holes | |
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| Magnetohydrodynamics and Turbulence | |
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| Problems of Life | |
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| Unobserved Astronomical Objects | |
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| The Cosmic Distance Scale | |
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| Size of the Solar System | |
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| Trigonometric Parallax | |
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| Spectroscopic Parallax | |
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| Superposition of Main Sequences | |
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| RR Lyrae Variables | |
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| Cepheid Variables | |
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| Novae and HII Regions | |
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| Supernovae | |
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| The Tully-Fisher and Faber-Jackson Relations | |
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| Distance-Red-Shift Relation | |
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| Distances and Velocities | |
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| Seeliger's Theorem and Number Counts in Cosmology | |
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| Problems Dealing with the Size of Astronomical Objects | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Dynamics and Masses of Astronomical Bodies | |
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| Universal Gravitational Attraction | |
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| Ellipses and Conic Sections | |
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| Central Force | |
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| Two-Body Problem with Attractive Force | |
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| Kepler's Laws | |
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| Determination of the Gravitational Constant | |
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| The Concept of Mass | |
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| Inertial Frames of Reference - The Equivalence Principle | |
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| Gravitational Red Shift and Time Dilation | |
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| Measures of Time | |
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| Uses of Pulsar Time | |
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| Galactic Rotation | |
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| Scattering in an Inverse Square Law Field | |
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| Stellar Drag | |
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| Virial Theorem | |
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| Stability Against Tidal Disruption | |
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| Lagrangian Equations | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Random Processes | |
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| Random Events | |
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| Random Walk | |
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| Distribution Functions, Probabilities, and Mean Values | |
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| Projected Length of Randomly Oriented Rods | |
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| The Motion of Molecules | |
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| Ideal Gas Law | |
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| Radiation Kinetics | |
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| Isothermal Distributions | |
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| Atmospheric Density | |
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| Particle Energy Distribution in an Atmosphere | |
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| Phase Space | |
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| Angular Diameters of Stars | |
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| The Spectrum of Light Inside and Outside a Hot Body | |
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| Boltzmann Equation and Liouville's Theorem | |
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| Fermi-Dirac Statistics | |
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| The Saha Equation | |
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| Mean Values | |
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| Fluctuations | |
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| The First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Isothermal and Adiabatic Processes | |
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| Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Formation of Condensations and the Stability of the Interstellar Medium | |
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| Ionized Gases and Clusters of Stars and Galaxies | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Photons and Fast Particles | |
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| The Relativity Principle | |
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| Relativistic Terminology | |
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| Relative Motion | |
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| Four-Vectors | |
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| Aberration of Light | |
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| Momentum, Mass, and Energy | |
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| The Doppler Effect | |
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| Poynting-Robertson Drag on a Grain | |
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| Motion Through the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation | |
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| Particles at High Energies | |
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| High-Energy Collisions | |
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| Superluminal Motions and Tachyons | |
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| Strong Gravitational Fields | |
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| Gravitational Time Delay; Deflection of Light | |
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| Gravitational Lenses | |
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| An Independent Measure of the Hubble Constant | |
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| Orbital Motion Around a Black Hole | |
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| Advance of the Perihelion of Mercury | |
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| Accretion Disks Around X-ray Binaries | |
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| The Smallest Conceivable Volume | |
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| The Zeroth Law of Black Hole Dynamics | |
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| Entropy and Temperature of a Black Hole | |
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| The Third Law of Black Hole Thermodynamics | |
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| Radiating Black Holes | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Electromagnetic Processes in Space | |
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| Coulomb's Law and Dielectric Displacement | |
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| Cosmic Magnetic Fields | |
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| Ohm's Law and Dissipation | |
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| Magnetic Acceleration of Particles | |
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| Ampere's Law and the Relation Between Cosmic Currents and Magnetic Fields | |
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| Magnetic Mirrors, Magnetic Bottles, and Cosmic-Ray Particles | |
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| Maxwell's Equations | |
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| The Wave Equation | |
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| Phase and Group Velocity | |
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| Energy Density, Pressure, and the Poynting Vector | |
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| Propagation of Waves Through a Tenuous Ionized Medium | |
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| Faraday Rotation | |
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| Light Emission by Slowly Moving Charges | |
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| Gravitational Radiation | |
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| Light Scattering by Unbound Charges | |
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| Scattering by Bound Charges | |
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| Extinction by Interstellar Grains | |
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| Absorption and Emission of Radiation by a Plasma | |
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| Radiation from Thermal Radio Sources | |
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| Synchrotron Radiation | |
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| The Synchrotron Radiation Spectrum | |
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| The Compton Effect and Inverse Compton Effect | |
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| The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect | |
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| The Cherenkov Effect | |
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| The Angular Distribution of Light from the Sky | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Quantum Processes in Astrophysics | |
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| Absorption and Emission of Radiation by Atomic Systems | |
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| Quantization of Atomic Systems | |
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| Atomic Hydrogen and Hydrogenlike Spectra | |
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| Spectra of Ionized Hydrogen | |
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| Hydrogen Molecules | |
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| Selection Rules | |
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| The Information Contained in Spectral Lines | |
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| Absorption and Emission Line Profile | |
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| Quantum Mechanical Transition Probabilities | |
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| Blackbody Radiation | |
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| Stimulated Emission and Cosmic Masers | |
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| Stellar Opacity | |
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| Chemical Composition of Stellar Atmospheres - The Radiative Transfer Problem | |
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| A Gravitational Quantum Effect | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Stars | |
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| Observations | |
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| Sources of Stellar Energy | |
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| Requirements Imposed on Stellar Models | |
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| Mathematical Formulation of the Theory | |
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| Relaxation Times | |
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| Equation of State | |
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| Luminosity | |
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| Opacity Inside a Star | |
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| Convective Transfer | |
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| Nuclear Reaction Rates | |
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| Particles and Basic Particle Interactions | |
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| Energy-Generating Processes in Stars | |
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| Compact Stars | |
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| White Dwarf Stars | |
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| Stellar Evolution and The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram | |
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| Supernovae, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes | |
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| Pulsars, Magnetars, and Plerions | |
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| Hypernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts | |
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| Microquasars | |
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| Vibration and Rotation of Stars | |
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| Solar Neutrino Observations | |
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| Additional Problems | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Cosmic Gas and Dust | |
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| Observations | |
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| Stromgren Spheres | |
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| Pressure Propagation and the Speed of Sound | |
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| Shock Fronts and Ionization Fronts | |
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| Gamma-Ray Bursts, GRB | |
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| Origin of Cosmic Magnetic Fields | |
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| Dynamo Amplification of Magnetic Fields | |
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| Cosmic-Ray Particles in the Interstellar Medium | |
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| Formation of Molecules and Grains | |
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| Formation of Molecular Hydrogen, H[subscript 2] | |
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| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Infrared Emission from Galactic Sources | |
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| Orientation of Interstellar Grains | |
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| Acoustic Damping and The Barnett Effect | |
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| Stability of Isothermal Gas Spheres | |
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| Polytropes | |
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| The Nature of Dark Matter | |
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| Additional Problems | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Formation of Stars and Planetary Systems | |
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| Star Formation | |
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| Gravitational Condensation of Matter | |
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| Jeans Criterion | |
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| Hydrostatics of Gaseous Clouds | |
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| Magnetic Reconnection | |
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| Ambipolar Diffusion | |
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| Triggered Collapse | |
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| Energy Dissipation | |
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| Cooling of Dense Clouds by Grain Radiation | |
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| Condensation in the Early Solar Nebula | |
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| The Evidence Provided by Meteorites | |
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| Nascent Planetary Disks | |
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| Formation of Primitive Condensates in the Early Solar Nebula | |
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| Formation of Planetesimals | |
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| Condensation in the Primeval Solar Nebula | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| The Universe We Inhabit | |
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| Questions About the Universe | |
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| Isotropy and Homogeneity of the Universe | |
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| Cosmological Principle | |
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| Homogeneous Isotropic Models of the Universe | |
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| Olbers's Paradox | |
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| Measuring the Geometric Properties of the Universe | |
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| Angular Diameters and Number Counts | |
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| The Flux from Distant Supernovae | |
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| Magnitudes and Angular Diameters of Galaxies | |
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| Dynamics on a Cosmic Scale | |
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| Einstein's Field Equations | |
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| The Density Parameter[Omega] | |
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| Some Simple Models of the Universe | |
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| Self-Regenerating Universes | |
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| Horizon of a Universe | |
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| Topology of the Universe | |
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| Do the Fundamental Constants of Nature Change with Time? | |
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| The Flow of Time | |
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| Branes and Compact Dimensions | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| An Astrophysical History of the Universe | |
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| The Isotropy Problem | |
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| The Flatness Problem | |
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| Where Did the Microwave Background Radiation Originate | |
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| Looking Back in Time | |
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| The Planck Era | |
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| Inflationary Cosmological Models | |
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| The Post-Inflationary Stage | |
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| The Riemann Curvature Constant | |
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| Quark-Gluon Plasma | |
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| The Origin of Baryonic Mass | |
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| Leptons and Antileptons | |
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| The Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry | |
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| Early Element Formation | |
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| The Entropy of the Universe | |
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| A More Precise Extrapolation Back in Time | |
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| The First 400,000 Years | |
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| Last Impact and Decoupling of Matter from Radiation | |
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| Observational Evidence | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| The Formation of Cosmic Structures | |
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| The Inhomogeneous Universe | |
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| Primordial Seeds | |
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| The Seeds of Structure | |
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| Evolution of Inhomogeneities | |
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| The Coupling of Radiation and Matter | |
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| Cooling of Gas After Decoupling | |
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| Photon Drag | |
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| Oscillations Around the Decoupling Era | |
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| The Jeans Criterion | |
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| Condensation on Superhorizon Scales | |
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| A Swiss-Cheese Model | |
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| Birkhoff's Theorem and "Why Galaxies Don't Expand" | |
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| Curvature Fluctuations | |
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| Primordial Collapse and the Density Parameter[Omega subscript 0] | |
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| Inhomogeneities in the Microwave Background Radiation | |
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| The Microwave Background Temperature Fluctuations | |
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| The Three-Dimensional Power Spectrum of Galaxies and Clusters | |
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| The Observed Imprint of Oscillations | |
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| Oscillations and Fundamental Cosmological Parameters | |
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| The Rees-Sciama Effect | |
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| Formation of the Largest Structures | |
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| Press-Schechter Condensation | |
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| The Internal Structure of Dark Matter haloes | |
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| Protogalactic Cooling | |
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| Formation of the First Stars | |
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| Population III Stars | |
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| Reionization | |
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| The Gunn-Peterson Effect | |
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| Quasar Stromgren Spheres | |
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| Formation of Supermassive Black Holes | |
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| Accretion Disks Around Supermassive Black Holes | |
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| The Masses of Galaxy Bulges and Central Black Holes | |
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| Growth Through Merging | |
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| Chemical Evolution of Galaxies and the Intracluster Medium | |
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| Formation of Our Own Galaxy | |
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| Radioactive Dating | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Life in the Universe | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Thermodynamics of Biological Systems | |
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| Organic Molecules in Nature and in the Laboratory | |
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| Origins of Life on Earth | |
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| The Chemical Basis of Terrestrial Life | |
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| Laboratory Syntheses | |
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| Panspermia | |
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| Higher Organisms and Intelligence | |
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| Communication and Space Travel | |
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| Answer to a Selected Problem | |
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| Astronomical Terminology | |
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| Astrophysical Constants | |
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| Index | |