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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| A Note about the Texts and Translations | |
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| List of Maps and Illustrations | |
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| Introduction: The Investiture Conflict in Western History | |
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| Power and the Holy on the Eve of the Investiture Conflict | |
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| Power and the Holy before the Millennium | |
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| Movements for Reform | |
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| The Investiture Conflict | |
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| The Consequences of Reform | |
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| The Contemporary Legacy | |
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| The Documents | |
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| Movements for Reform | |
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| Responses to the Carolingian Crisis | |
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| Rodulphus Glaber, Description of the Peace and Truce of God, ca. 1036-1046 | |
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| Bishops of the Auvergne, Canons of the Council of Le Puy, 994 | |
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| Monastic Reform | |
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| William of Aquitaine, Foundation Charter of the Monastery of Cluny, 910 | |
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| Peter Damian, On the Life of Hermit Romuald of Ravenna, 1042 | |
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| Clerical Celibacy and Simony | |
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| Peter Damian, A Letter to Bishop Cunibert of Turin, 1064 | |
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| Andrew of Strumi, Description of the Preaching of Ariald in Milan, ca. 1075 | |
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| Arnulf of Milan, On the Patarenes, ca. 1072-1077 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Adela, Countess of Flanders, November 10, 1076 | |
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| Humbert of Silva Candida, On Simony, 1058 | |
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| Peter Damian, On Simony, 1052 | |
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| Canonical or "Free" Election | |
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| Gerhard of Augsburg, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 993, and Berno of Reichenau, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 1030 | |
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| King Dagobert Invests Saint Omer, 11th Century | |
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| Annales Romani, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1046, and Bonizo of Sutri, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1085 | |
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| Wibert, How Bruno of Toul Became Pope, 1054? | |
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| Roman Synod, Papal Election Decree, 1059 | |
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| The Investiture Conflict | |
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| The Combatants: Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII | |
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| An Account of Henry's Minority, ca. 1106 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Supporters in Lombardy, July 1, 1073 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, Letter to Duke Rudolf of Swabia Concerning Henry IV, September 1, 1073 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, The Dictatus papae, 1075 | |
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| The First Confrontation | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, Admonition to Henry, December 8, 1075 | |
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| Emperor Henry IV, Response to Gregory's Admonition, Early 1076 | |
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| Canossa | |
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| Lampert of Hersfeld, Account of Canossa, ca. 1077 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to the German Princes, January 1077 | |
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| Civil War | |
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| Sigebert of Gembloux, An Antiking Is Elected, 1077 | |
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| Roman Synod, The Decrees against Lay Investiture, November 19, 1078 and March 7, 1080 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Hermann of Metz, March 15, 1081 | |
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| Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, A Letter to Hugh Candidus, ca. 1084-1085 | |
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| Pope Gregory VII, Deathbed Testament, ca. 1085 | |
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| Compromise | |
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| Ivo, Bishop of Chartres, A Letter to the Apostolic Legate Hugh of Lyon, 1097 | |
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| Emperor Henry V and Pope Calixtus II, The Agreements of Worms, 1122 | |
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| The Consequences of Reform | |
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| Lay Engagement with the Faith | |
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| Baudri of Dol, The Preaching of Robert of Arbrissel, ca. 1118 | |
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| Walter Map, Description of the Waldensians, ca. 1180-1183 | |
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| Pope Innocent III, A Rule for the Third Order of the Humiliati, June 7, 1201 | |
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| Robert the Monk, The Calling of the First Crusade, ca. 1100-1125 | |
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| Bernard of Clairvaux, On the New Knighthood, ca. 1128-1136 | |
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| The Clergy | |
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| Martin and Anziverga, Gift to Their Son Adam, May 30, 1060, and John, Lease to Martin dal Danno, February 1156 | |
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| Eudes Rigaud, Archbishop of Rouen, Visitation to Inspect His Clergy, 1248 | |
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| Bishops | |
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| A Disputed Election at Auxerre, 1116 | |
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| William of Newburgh, Account of Thomas Becket's Martyrdom, ca. 1190-1198 | |
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| The Papacy | |
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| Pope Adrian IV, A Papal Bull, 1156 | |
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| Papal Ceremonial in a Fresco from SS. Quattro Coronati, 13th Century | |
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| Bernard of Clairvaux, On Papal Sovereignty, ca. 1148-1153 | |
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| Garcia, Criticism of the Papacy: The Relics of Saints Silver and Gold, ca. 1100? | |
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| Sanctity and Just Rulership | |
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| Manegold of Lautenbach, On Tyranny, ca. 1085 | |
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| Guibert of Nogent, On Royal Powers, ca. 1125 | |
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| Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, The Canonization of Charlemagne, January 8, 1166 | |
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| The Coronation Rite of Reims, ca. 1230 | |
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| The Tomb of Edward I, Mid-14th Century | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| A Chronology of the Origins and Consequences of the Investiture Conflict (313-1201) | |
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| Questions for Consideration | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Index | |