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| List of Tables | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Gender and the Language of Illness | |
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| Introduction - sex, gender and identity | |
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| Difference: Sex, sex roles and comparison | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Sex | |
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| Sex roles | |
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| Comparison of sex and sex roles | |
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| Gender as performance | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Communities of practice | |
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| Discourse | |
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| Illness, language and social variables | |
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| Illness and language | |
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| Illness and gender | |
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| Language and age | |
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| Language and social class | |
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| Summary | |
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| Methods for Investigating Gender and Language | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Variationist sociolinguistics | |
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| Corpus-based research | |
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| Concepts related to corpus research | |
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| Keywords | |
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| Key concepts | |
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| Keywords and key concepts compared | |
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| Deriving discourses from keywords and key concepts | |
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| Corpus and sub-corpora | |
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| The full matched sample | |
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| The social class (SEC) matched sample | |
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| The age matched sample | |
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| The specific illness sample | |
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| Summary | |
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| Men's Traditional Discourse of Illness: Distancing and Avoidance | |
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| Introduction: Men and discourses of illness | |
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| Linguistic strategy: Reification | |
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| Linguistic strategy: Deictic distancing | |
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| Linguistic strategy: Distancing through abstractions | |
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| Introduction | |
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| 'Solution/s' | |
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| 'System/s' | |
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| 'Pattern/s' and 'technique/s' | |
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| Discursive style: Avoidance through sports talk | |
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| Discursive style: Swearing | |
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| Summary | |
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| A Feminine Discourse of Illness: Transformation and Modality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Feminine discourse of illness | |
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| Overview | |
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| Verb analysis | |
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| Feminine discursive style: Low modality | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (cognitive): 'Think/Thought' | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (cognitive): 'Mean' | |
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| Elaboration | |
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| Explanation | |
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| Contrastive function | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (cognitive): 'Imagine' | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (cognitive): 'Know' | |
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| Feminine discursive style: High modality | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (cognitive): 'Knew' | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (affective): 'Need' | |
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| Analysis of mental process verb (affective): 'Want' | |
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| Summary | |
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| Emotional Disclosure: Socio-economic Classification, Age and Gender | |
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| Introduction: Gender and emotion | |
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| Socio-economic classification (SEC) | |
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| Overview - Emotional disclosure | |
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| Low SEC women | |
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| High SEC men | |
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| High SEC women | |
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| Low SEC men | |
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| Age and emotion | |
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| Overview | |
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| Younger men | |
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| Younger women | |
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| Older men | |
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| Older women | |
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| Summary | |
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| Experience of Support: Gender, Class and Age | |
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| Research on support | |
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| The experience of support | |
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| Overview | |
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| Gender specific use of support-related lexis | |
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| Socio-economic classification (SEC) | |
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| Age | |
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| Sources of support | |
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| Men's sources of support: 'People: Male' and 'Belonging to a group' | |
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| Women's sources of support: 'Kin' and 'family' | |
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| Analysis of family | |
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| Analysis of non-family | |
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| Modes of communication | |
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| Use of 'talk' | |
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| Use of 'phone' | |
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| Use of reported speech | |
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| Use of 'write' | |
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| Summary | |
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| Illness Type and Gender | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The language of illness experience | |
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| Heart disease | |
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| Key concepts: Measurement and time | |
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| Lifestyle change and self-transformation | |
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| Interaction between heart disease and gender | |
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| Overview | |
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| Key concept analysis of gender and heart disease | |
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| Summary | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Men's Key Concepts (Full Matched Sample) | |
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| Women's Key Concepts (Full Matched Sample) | |
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| Significance Levels for Log-Likelihood Test | |
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| Demographic Sample of the British National Corpus | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |