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| Europe In Transition | |
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| The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown (1300-1453) | |
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| The Black Death Preconditions and Causes of the Plague | |
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| Popular Remedies | |
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| Social and Economic Consequences | |
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| New Conflicts and Opportunities | |
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| The Hundred Yearsrsquo; War and the Rise of National Sentiment | |
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| The Causes of the War | |
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| Progress of the War | |
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| Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival: The Late Medieval Church | |
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| The Thirteenth-Century Papacy | |
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| Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair | |
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| The Avignon Papacy (1309-1377) | |
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| John Wycliffe and John Huss | |
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| The Great Schism (1378-1417) and the Conciliar Movement to 1449 | |
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| Medieval Russia Politics and Society Mongol Rule (1243-1480) In Perspective | |
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| Renaissance and Discovery | |
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| The Renaissance in Italy (1375-1527) | |
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| The Italian City-State Humanism | |
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| Renaissance Art | |
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| Slavery in the Renaissance Italyrsquo;s | |
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| Political Decline: The French Invasions (1494-1527) | |
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| Charles VIIIrsquo;s March through Italy | |
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| Pope Alexander VI and the Borgia Family | |
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| Pope Julius II Niccolograve | |
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| Machiavelli Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe | |
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| France | |
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| Spain | |
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| England | |
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| The Holy Roman Empire | |
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| The Northern Renaissance | |
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| The Printing Press | |
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| Erasmus Humanism and Reform | |
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| Voyages of Discovery and the New Empires in the West and East | |
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| The Portuguese Chart the Course | |
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| The Spanish Voyages of Columbus | |
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| The Spanish Empire in the New World | |
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| The Church in Spanish America | |
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| The Economy of Exploitation | |
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| The Impact on Europe In Perspective | |
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| The Age of Reformation | |
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| Society and Religion Social and Political Conflict | |
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| Popular Religious Movements and Criticisms of the Church | |
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| Martin Luther and German Reformation to 1525 | |
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| Justification by Faith Alone | |
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| The Attack on Indulgences | |
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| Election of Charles V Lutherrsquo;s Excommunication and the Diet of Worms | |
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| Imperial Distractions: France and the Turks | |
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| How the Reformation Spread | |
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| The Peasantsrsquo; Revolt | |
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| The | |