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| Introduction | |
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| Introduction to statistical methodology | |
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| Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics | |
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| The role of computers in statistics | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Sampling and Measurement | |
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| Variables and their measurement | |
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| Randomization | |
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| Sampling variability and potential bias | |
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| other probability sampling methods | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Descriptive statistics | |
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| Describing data with tables and graphs | |
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| Describing the center of the data | |
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| Describing variability of the data | |
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| Measure of position | |
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| Bivariate descriptive statistics | |
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| Sample statistics and population parameters | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Probability Distributions | |
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| Introduction to probability | |
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| Probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables | |
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| The normal probability distribution | |
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| Sampling distributions describe how statistics vary | |
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| Sampling distributions of sample means | |
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| Review: Probability, sample data, and sampling distributions | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Statistical inference: estimation | |
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| Point and interval estimation | |
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| Confidence interval for a proportion | |
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| Confidence interval for a mean | |
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| Choice of sample size | |
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| Confidence intervals for median and other parameters | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Statistical Inference: Significance Tests | |
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| Steps of a significance test | |
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| Significance test for a eman | |
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| Significance test for a proportion | |
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| Decisions and types of errors in tests | |
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| Limitations of significance tests | |
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| Calculating P (Type II error) | |
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| Small-sample test for a proportion: the binomial distribution | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Comparison of Two Groups | |
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| Preliminaries for comparing groups | |
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| Categorical data: comparing two proportions | |
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| Quantitative data: comparing two means | |
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| Comparing means with dependent samples | |
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| Other methods for comparing means | |
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| Other methods for comparing proportions | |
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| Nonparametric statistics for comparing groups | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Analyzing Association between Categorical Variables | |
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| Contingency Tables | |
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| Chi-squared test of independence | |
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| Residuals: Detecting the pattern of association | |
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| Measuring association in contingency tables | |
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| Association between ordinal variables | |
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| Inference for ordinal associations | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Linear Regression and Correlation | |
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| Linear relationships | |
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| Least squares prediction equation | |
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| The linear regression model | |
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| Measuring linear association - the correlation | |
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| Inference for the slope and correlation | |
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| Model assumptions and violations | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Introduction to multivariate Relationships | |
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| Association and causality | |
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| Controlling for other variables | |
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| Types of multivariate relationships | |
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| Inferenential issues in statistical control | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Multiple Regression and Correlation | |
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| Multiple regression model | |
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| Example with multiple regression computer output | |
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| Multiple correlation and R-squared | |
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| Inference for multiple regression and coefficients | |
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| Interaction between predictors in their effects | |
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| Comparing regression models | |
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| Partial correlation | |
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| Standardized regression coefficients | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Comparing groups: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methods | |
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| Comparing several means: One way analysis of variance | |
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| Multiple comparisons of means | |
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| Performing ANOVA by regression modeling | |
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| Two-way analysis of variance | |
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| Two way ANOVA and regression | |
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| Repeated measures analysis of variance | |
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| Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor | |
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| Effects of violations of ANOVA assumptions | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Combining regression and ANOVA: Quantitative and Categorical Predictors | |
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| Comparing means and comparing regression lines | |
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| Regression with quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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| Permitting interaction between quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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| Inference for regression with quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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| Adjusted means | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Model Building with Multiple Regression | |
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| Model selection procedures | |
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| Regression diagnostics | |
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| Effects of multicollinearity | |
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| Generalized linear models | |
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| Nonlinearity: polynomial regression | |
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| Exponential regression and log transforms | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Logistic Regression: Modeling Categorical Responses | |
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| Logistic regression | |
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| Multiple logistic regression | |
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| Inference for logistic regression models | |
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| Logistic regression models for ordinal variables | |
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| Logistic models for nominal responses | |
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| Loglinear models for categorical variables | |
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| Model goodness of fit tests for contingency tables | |
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| Chapter summary | |
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| Introduction to Advanced Topics | |
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| Longitudinal data analysis | |
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| Multilevel (hierarchical) models | |
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| Event history analysis | |
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| Path analysis | |
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| Factor analysis | |
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| Structural equation models | |
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| Markov chains | |
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| Appendix: SAS and SPSS for Statistical Analyses | |
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| Tables | |
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| Answers to selected odd-numbered problems | |
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| Index | |