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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| To the Reader | |
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| Communication Disorders, Literature, Media, and Society | |
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| The Process of Communication | |
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| Categories of Communication Disorders | |
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| Fluency Disorders | |
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| Voice Disorders | |
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| Articulation and Phonology Disorders | |
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| Language Disorders in Children | |
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| Hearing Loss and Deafness | |
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| Motor Speech Disorders and Dysphagia | |
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| Aphasia in Adults | |
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| Communication Disorders Resulting from Dementia | |
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| Communication Disorders Resulting from Head and Neck Injuries | |
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| Incidence and Prevalence of Communication Disorders | |
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| History of the Perception and Treatment of People with Communication Disorders | |
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| The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association | |
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| Social Characteristics of Those with Communication Disorders | |
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| Group Size, Power, and Status | |
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| Social Visibility and Cohesiveness | |
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| Social Inclusion Through Accommodation | |
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| Social Perceptions and Stereotypes | |
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| Literature, Media, and People with Communication Disorders | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Stuttering and Cluttering | |
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| Understanding Stuttering | |
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| Definition of Stuttering | |
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| The History of Stuttering | |
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| Stuttering Behaviors | |
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| Incidence and Prevalence of Stuttering | |
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| Types of Dysfluent Speech | |
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| Causes of Stuttering: Theories | |
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| Psychological Theories | |
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| Learning Theories | |
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| Organic Theories | |
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| Multiple-Cause Theory | |
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| Characteristics of Stuttering | |
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| Stuttering and Singing | |
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| Stuttering and Nonthreatening Audiences | |
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| Stuttering, Speech Cues, and Self-Consciousness | |
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| Stuttering and Noise | |
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| Stuttering and Delayed Auditory Feedback | |
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| Stuttering and Other Variables | |
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| Key Aspects of Stuttering | |
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| What Is Heard | |
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| What Is Seen | |
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| What Is Felt | |
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| Effects on Personality | |
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| The Prevention of Stuttering in Children | |
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| Strategies for Parents and Teachers | |
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| Professional Treatment of Stuttering | |
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| Types of Therapy | |
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| Cure Versus Control | |
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| Treating Essential Aspects of Stuttering | |
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| Effectiveness of Treatment | |
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| Other Fluency Disorders | |
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| Cluttering | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| The Voice and Its Disorders | |
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| The Human Resonating System | |
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| Respiration and Voice | |
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| The Biological Pump | |
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| The Larynx | |
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| The Pitch-Changing Mechanism | |
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| Aerodynamic and Muscular Forces in Voice Production | |
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| Voice Quality | |
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| Causes of Differences in Voice Quality | |
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| Descriptions of Voice Quality | |
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| Other Terms for Voice Quality | |
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| Disorders of Resonance | |
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| Cleft Lip and Palate | |
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| The Cleft Palate Team | |
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| Voice Disorders | |
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| Evaluation of Voice Disorders | |
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| Vocal Cord Paralysis | |
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| Cancer and Other Diseases of the Larynx | |
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| Alaryngeal Speech | |
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| Psychogenic Voice Disorders | |
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| Conversion Reactions | |
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| Treatment of Psychogenic Voice Disorders | |
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| Disorders Related to Vocal Strain and Abuse | |
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| Causative Factors | |
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| Treatment of Disorders Related to Vocal Strain and Abuse | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Articulation and Phonological Disorders | |
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| The Speech Articulators | |
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| Phonetic Transcription | |
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| Place and Manner of Production | |
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| Syllables | |
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| Dynamic Articulation | |
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| Etiology of Articulation Disorders | |
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| Deafness or Hearing Loss | |
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| Structural Defects of the Articulators | |
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| Motor Speech Disorders | |
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| Delayed Development | |
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| Auditory Perceptual and Sensorimotor Deficiencies | |
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| Emotional Distress | |
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| Dialect and Accent | |
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| Evaluating Articulation and Phonology Disorders | |
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| Articulation Testing | |
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| Additional Diagnostic Information | |
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| Treatment of Articulation Disorders | |
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| Articulation Therapy for Hearing Loss and Deafness | |
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| Articulation Therapy for Structural Defects of the Articulators | |
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| Articulation Therapy for Motor Speech Disorders | |
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| Articulation Therapy for Auditory Perceptual and Sensorimotor Deficiencies | |
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| Other Articulation Therapies | |
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| Treatment of Phonological Disorders | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading and Video | |
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| Language Development and Disorders | |
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| Defining Language | |
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| Linguistic Competence and Performance | |
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| Cognitive, Linguistic, and Social-Communication Systems | |
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| Pragmatics | |
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| Assessing Language in Children | |
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| Teachers, Language Delay, and Disorders | |
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| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act | |
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| Language Development | |
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| Intelligence and Language Development | |
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| Mental Deficiency | |
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| Pervasive Developmental Disorders | |
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| Environmental Deprivation | |
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| Learning Disabilities | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Hearing Loss and Deafness | |
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| The Study and Treatment of Hearing Disorders | |
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| The Range of Human Hearing | |
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| Hearing and Energy Transformation | |
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| Acoustic Energy Stage | |
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| Mechanical Energy Stage | |
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| Hydraulic Energy Stage | |
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| Electrochemical (Neural) Energy Stage | |
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| Hearing and Speech Acoustics | |
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| Types of Hearing Loss | |
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| Conductive Hearing Loss | |
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| Sensorineural Hearing Loss | |
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| Central Auditory Processing Disorders | |
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| Hearing Assessment | |
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| Otoscopic Examination | |
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| Pure-Tone Audiometry | |
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| Speech Audiometry | |
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| Acoustic Imittance Audiometry | |
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| Evoked Response Audiometry and Otoacoustic Emissions | |
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| Aural Habilitation and Rehabilitation | |
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| Medical and Surgical Treatment | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Motor Speech Disorders and Dysphagia | |
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| The "Big Three" Neurogenic Communication Disorders | |
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| Aphasia | |
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| Apraxia of Speech | |
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| The Dysarthrias | |
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| Dysphagia | |
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| The Swallowing Evaluation | |
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| Dysphagia Therapy | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Aphasia in Adults | |
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| Language and the Brain | |
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| Etiology of Aphasia and Related Disorders | |
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| The Syndrome of Aphasia | |
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| Aphasia: A Multimodality Disorder | |
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| Alexia | |
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| Agraphia | |
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| Acalculia | |
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| Gestural Problems | |
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| Predominantly Expressive, Nonfluent Aphasia | |
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| Predominantly Receptive, Fluent Aphasia | |
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| Factors in Following Complex Verbal Instructions | |
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| Loss of the Abstract Attitude | |
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| Word-Retrieval Behaviors: Rhyme or Reason | |
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| Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon | |
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| The Psychology of Aphasia | |
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| The Five Major Psychological Concomitants of Aphasia | |
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| Emotional Lability | |
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| Catastrophic Reactions | |
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| Perseveration | |
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| Organic Depression | |
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| The Grief Response | |
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| Aphasia Rehabilitation | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Communication Disorders Resulting from Dementia | |
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| Dementia | |
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| Causes of Dementia | |
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| Disruptive Behaviors | |
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| Hallucinations and Delusions in Dementia | |
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| Communication Disorders in Dementia | |
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| Early Stage | |
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| Middle Stage | |
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| Late Stage | |
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| Evaluating and Treating Communication Disorders in Patients with Dementia | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Communication Disorders Resulting from Head and Neck Injuries | |
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| The Head-Injured Person | |
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| The Mechanics of Traumatic Head and Neck Injuries | |
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| Communication Disorders and Impaired Consciousness | |
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| Coma | |
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| Communication Disorders and the Site of Traumatic Brain Injuries | |
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| Executive Functions | |
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| Disorientation | |
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| Memory Problems | |
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| The Three Components of Memory | |
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| Attention | |
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| Storage | |
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| Recall | |
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| Memories, Libraries, and Tests | |
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| Memory and Test Taking | |
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| Recognition and Recall | |
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| Behavioral Disturbances | |
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| Flat Affect | |
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| Psychosis | |
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| Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury | |
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| Audiology and Traumatic Brain Injuries | |
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| Principles of Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injuries | |
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| Literature and Media Stereotypes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Questions and Answers about the Profession | |
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| Understanding the Profession | |
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| Educational Preparation, Certification, and Licensure | |
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| Professional Practice | |
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| Suggested Reading and Web Sites | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Professional Issues and Informational Web Sites | |
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| Short Stories | |
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| A Day at JFK | |
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| Preponderance of Evidence | |
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| Welcome to the Cyber Speech and Hearing Clinic | |
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| Literature, Media, and Personality: Home Pages, Suggested Readings, References, and Resources | |
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| Academic References | |
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| Index | |