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| Preface | |
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| Prologue--The Dysfunctional Society: Can a Nation Be Addicted to Alcohol? | |
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| Pushers | |
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| Enablers | |
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| The State of Denial | |
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| Co-Dependents | |
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| Terminology | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| A Brief History of Alcohol in the United States | |
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| The First European Explorers and Settlers | |
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| Before Prohibition | |
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| The Whiskey Rebellion | |
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| The Moral Model of Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Prohibition | |
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| After Prohibition | |
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| The Current Situation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| The Nature of Alcohol | |
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| Alcohol as a Beverage | |
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| The Metabolism of Alcohol | |
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| The Body's Processes for the Removal of Alcohol | |
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| The Effects of Too Much Alcohol | |
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| Tolerance | |
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| Alcohol as a Drug | |
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| Government Regulation of Alcohol | |
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| Alcohol as a Chemical | |
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| Other Properties of Alcohol | |
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| Alcohol as a Food | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcohol Use, Alcohol Abuse, and Health | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Abstinence | |
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| Alcohol Use: Toward a Definition of Responsible Drinking | |
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| Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Alcohol Dependence | |
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| Alcohol Use and Health | |
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| General Health Problems Directly Connected with Alcohol Abuse | |
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| The Effects of Long-Term Heavy Drinking | |
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| The Brain | |
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| Gastrointestinal System | |
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| Cardiovascular System | |
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| Musculoskeletal System | |
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| Blood and Immune System | |
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| Hormonal System | |
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| Dermatological System | |
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| Nutritional Problems | |
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| Cancer | |
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| Diabetes | |
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| Sleep Disorders | |
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| HIV Infections and Alcohol | |
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| Interactivity with Other Drugs | |
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| Mental Health | |
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| Positive Effects of Alcohol | |
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| Negative Effects of Alcohol | |
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| Stress | |
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| Suicide | |
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| Sex | |
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| Alcohol in Men and Women | |
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| Liver Damage | |
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| Brain Damage | |
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| Heart Disease | |
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| Breast Cancer | |
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| Men and Birth Defects | |
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| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Neurological Deficits | |
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| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) | |
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| Alcohol-Related Neurological Deficits (ARND) | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Some Types of Alcohol Abuse | |
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| The "Law of Unintended Consequences" | |
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| Drinking and Driving | |
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| Alcohol and Violence | |
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| Domestic Violence | |
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| Violence and Women | |
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| Rape | |
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| Alcohol and Child Abuse | |
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| Other Types of Abuse | |
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| Other Crimes, Including Homicide | |
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| Fires and Burns | |
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| Business and Industry Losses | |
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| Factors Contributing to Employee Drinking | |
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| Education | |
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| Further Secondhand Effects of Drinking | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| America's Greatest Illegal Drug Problem: Alcohol Abuse by Young People | |
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| A New Era: Prevalence of Children's Drinking | |
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| Children's Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Gender "Equality" | |
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| Adolescent Drinking | |
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| Adolescent Patterns of Drinking | |
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| Youth Drinking: Risk Factors and Consequences | |
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| Adolescent Development and Alcohol | |
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| Cognitive and Emotional Development | |
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| Risk Factors for Adolescent Abuse and Dependence | |
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| Genetic Risk Factors | |
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| Early Childhood Behavior | |
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| Psychiatric Disorders | |
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| Suicidal Behavior | |
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| Psychosocial Risk Factors | |
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| Parenting, Family Environment, and Peers | |
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| Expectancies | |
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| Trauma | |
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| Consequences of Adolescent Alcohol Abuse | |
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| Drinking and Driving | |
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| Sexual Behavior | |
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| Risky Behavior and Victimization | |
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| Adolescent Alcoholics | |
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| Late Adolescence | |
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| Treatment for Adolescent Drinkers | |
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| College Students | |
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| Underage Drinking in College | |
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| A Second Harvard Study of College Drinking | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcoholism: A Mysterious Syndrome | |
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| Statistics | |
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| Different Conceptual Approaches to Alcoholism | |
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| The Moral Model | |
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| The Temperance Model | |
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| The Spiritual Model | |
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| The Disease (Medical) Model | |
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| Characterological Model | |
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| Cognitive-Behavioral (Learning) Model | |
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| Sociocultural Model | |
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| Systems Model | |
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| Public Health Model | |
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| Biopsychosocial Model | |
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| An Unmentionable Disease | |
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| Alcohol Dependence as a Mental Disorder | |
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| Alcoholism as a Choice | |
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| The Family Disease | |
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| The National Disease | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| The Diagnosis of Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol Dependence | |
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| Diagnostic Aids | |
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| Signs of a Problem (CAGE) | |
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| Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) | |
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| Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) | |
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| Dynamics of Alcohol Dependence | |
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| Denial | |
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| Increasing Tolerance | |
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| Craving | |
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| Withdrawal | |
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| Alcohol Addiction as a Brain Disease | |
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| Diagnosis: DSM-IV Classification System | |
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| Early Criteria | |
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| DSM-III and DSM-IIIR | |
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| DSM-IV | |
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| Specific Diagnostic Criteria | |
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| Beyond Alcohol Dependency | |
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| Alcohol-Induced Disorders | |
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| Alcohol-Induced Neurological Disorders | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| The Family Disease: Theory and Treatment | |
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| The Addiction Affects More Than the Addict | |
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| A Systems Perspective--The Ripple Effect | |
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| Alcoholism in the Family | |
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| Causes | |
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| Family Environment | |
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| Impact of Alcoholism on the Family | |
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| Children in Alcoholic Families | |
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| Family Roles in Family Systems of Alcoholics | |
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| The Alcohol Dependent | |
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| The Baby | |
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| The Co-Dependent | |
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| Chief Enabler | |
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| The Family Hero | |
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| The Scapegoat | |
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| The Mascot | |
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| The Lost Child | |
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| Children of Alcoholics (COAs) | |
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| Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOAs) | |
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| Phases of Development in Alcoholic Families | |
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| Reactive Phase | |
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| The Alcoholic's Behavior | |
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| Active Phase | |
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| Alternative Phase | |
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| Optional Directions for Alcoholic Families | |
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| Family Treatment | |
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| Effects of Alcoholism on the Family | |
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| Benefits of Family Involvement in Treatment | |
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| Goals of Family Therapy | |
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| Resistance | |
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| Al-Anon and Alateen | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Treatment of Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol Dependence (Alcoholism) | |
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| Patient versus Client | |
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| Entering Mainstream Treatment | |
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| DSM-IV Criteria for Alcohol Abuse | |
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| DSM-IV Criteria for Alcohol Dependence | |
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| Treatment Settings | |
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| Inpatient | |
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| Day Treatment | |
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| Intensive Outpatient | |
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| Aftercare | |
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| Treatment Approaches | |
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| Pharmacotherapy | |
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| Urine Drug Screens | |
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| Counseling/Psychotherapy Approaches | |
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| Group Therapy | |
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| Individual Therapy | |
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| Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) | |
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| What AA Does Not Do | |
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| What AA Does | |
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| The Twelve Steps | |
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| Lifetime Process | |
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| Criticism of Alcoholics Anonymous | |
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| Alternatives to Alcoholics Anonymous | |
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| Other Rehabilitation Approaches | |
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| Psychoeducation | |
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| Spiritual Development | |
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| Nutrition and Exercise Activities | |
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| Comorbidity | |
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| Dual Diagnosis | |
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| Cross-Addiction | |
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| The Counselor | |
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| Counselor Methods | |
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| Counselor Effectiveness | |
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| Joe: A Case Study | |
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| Issues in Treatment | |
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| Effects of Managed Care | |
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| Criteria to Consider in Selecting a Treatment Center | |
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| Abstinence versus Moderate Drinking | |
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| Evaluation and Effectiveness of Treatment Outcomes | |
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| Cost Effectiveness | |
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| Factors Affecting Treatment Outcomes | |
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| Evaluation of Various Treatment Approaches | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcohol Use among Special Populations | |
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| Alcohol and Women | |
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| Prevalence of Women's Drinking | |
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| Growing Problem | |
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| Women Are More Vulnerable to Alcohol's Effects | |
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| Other Risk Factors | |
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| Consequences of Alcohol Use | |
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| Therapy | |
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| Alcohol and Aging | |
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| Drinking Prevalence and Patterns among the Elderly | |
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| Combined Effects of Alcohol and Aging | |
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| Aging May Increase Sensitivity to Alcohol | |
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| Aging, Alcohol, and the Brain | |
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| Treatment of Alcoholism in the Elderly | |
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| Alcohol and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals | |
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| Alcohol and the Disabled | |
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| Alcohol and Prison Populations | |
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| Treatment within the Criminal Justice System | |
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| Forced Rehabilitation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcohol Use among Special Populations--II | |
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| What's in a Name? | |
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| Fundamental Themes | |
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| Drinking Patterns and Problems among Native Americans | |
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| The Contemporary Pattern of Alcohol Use | |
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| Consequences of Alcohol Use and Abuse | |
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| Prevention and Treatment | |
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| Drinking Patterns and Problems among African Americans | |
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| Demographic Factors | |
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| Drinking Patterns and Problems among Latinos | |
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| Drinking Patterns and Problems among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (API) | |
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| Drinking Practices of Southeast Asians | |
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| Drinking Practices of Pacific Islanders | |
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| Drinking Patterns of Adult Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, and Filipino Americans | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Social and Economic Costs of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism | |
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| Estimated Economic Impact of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism | |
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| Positive Effects | |
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| Negative Effects | |
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| Total Estimated Economic Costs | |
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| Alcohol in the Workplace | |
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| Alcohol Availability | |
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| Supervision | |
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| Effects of Employee Drinking | |
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| Employee Assistance Plans--Business and Industry | |
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| Healthcare Costs | |
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| Crime | |
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| Motor Vehicle Crashes | |
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| Social Service | |
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| Social Welfare | |
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| Social Services--State Level | |
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| Costs of Underage Drinking | |
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| Who Bears the Costs? | |
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| Taxes | |
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| Analysis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Alcohol Marketing/Advertising | |
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| Marketing | |
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| Marketing Strategies | |
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| Advertising | |
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| Purposes of Advertising | |
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| Advertising Strategies | |
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| Types of Advertising | |
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| Alcohol Advertising and Consumption | |
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| Alcohol Marketing and Advertising, Children and Minorities | |
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| Targeting Children and Adolescents | |
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| Targeting Minorities | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Recommended | |
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| Ways of Addressing Alcohol Problems | |
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| Prevention of Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol Dependence | |
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| Types of Prevention | |
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| Education Is Not Enough | |
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| Primary Prevention | |
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| Legal Issues | |
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| Prevention Programs | |
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| Generally Effective Programs | |
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| Less Effective Programs | |
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| Secondary Prevention | |
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| Zero-Tolerance Laws | |
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| Other BAC Laws | |
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| Administrative License Revocation (ALR) Laws | |
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| Server Training | |
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| Server Liability | |
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| Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) | |
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| Student Assistance Service (SAS) Programs | |
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| Reduced College Drinking | |
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| Tertiary Prevention | |
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| Prevention in an Addicted Society | |
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| Summary | |
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| Questions and Exercises | |
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| Epilogue | |
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| Under the Influence of Alcohol | |
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| Under the Influence of the Alcohol Industry | |
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| Responsible versus Irresponsible Drinking | |
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| Your Role as Mental Health Professionals | |
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| Internet Sites | |
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| Diagnostic Instruments | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |