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| Introduction | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| Notation | |
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| Pronunciation | |
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| Versions | |
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| An Overview of Tcl and Tk | |
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| Getting Started | |
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| Hello World with Tk | |
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| Script Files | |
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| Variables and Substitutions | |
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| Control Structures | |
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| On the Tcl Language | |
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| Event Bindings | |
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| Subprocesses | |
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| Additional Features of Tcl and Tk | |
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| Extensions and Applications | |
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| The TCL Language | |
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| Tcl Language Syntax | |
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| Scripts, Commands, and Words | |
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| Evaluating a Command | |
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| Variable Substitution | |
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| Command Substitution | |
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| Backslash Substitution | |
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| Quoting with Double Quotes | |
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| Quoting With Braces | |
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| Comments | |
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| Normal and Exceptional Returns | |
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| More on Substitutions | |
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| Variables | |
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| Simple Variables and the Set Command | |
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| Arrays | |
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| Variable Substitution | |
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| Removing Variables: Unset | |
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| Multidimensional Arrays | |
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| The Incr and Append Commands | |
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| Predefined Variables | |
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| Preview of Other Variable Facilities | |
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| Expressions | |
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| Numeric Operands | |
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| Operators and Precedence | |
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| Math Functions | |
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| Substitutions | |
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| String Manipulation | |
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| Types and Conversions | |
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| Precision | |
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| Lists | |
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| Basic List Structure and the Lindex Command | |
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| Creating Lists: Concat, List, and Llength | |
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| Modifying Lists: Linsert, Lreplace, Lrange, and Lappend | |
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| Searching Lists: Lsearch | |
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| Sorting Lists: Lsort | |
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| Converting Between Strings and Lists: Split and Join | |
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| Lists and Commands | |
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| Control Flow | |
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| The If Command | |
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| Looping Commands: While, For, and Foreach | |
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| Loop Control: Break and Continue | |
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| The Switch Command | |
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| The Eval Command | |
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| Executing From Files: Source | |
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| Procedures | |
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| Procedure Basics: Proc and Return | |
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| Local and Global Variables | |
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| Defaults and Variable Numbers of Arguments | |
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| Call By Reference: Upvar | |
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| Creating New Control Structures: Uplevel | |
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| String Manipulation | |
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| Character Set Issues | |
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| Glob-Style Pattern Matching | |
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| Pattern Matching with Regular Expressions | |
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| Using Regular Expressions for Substitutions | |
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| Generating Strings with Format | |
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| Parsing Strings With Scan | |
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| Extracting Characters: String Index and String Range | |
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| Searching and Comparison | |
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| Length, Case Conversion, and Trimming | |
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| Accessing Files | |
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| File Names | |
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| Basic File I/O | |
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| Output Buffering | |
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| Random Access to Files | |
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| The Current Working Directory | |
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| Manipulating File Names: Glob and File | |
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| File Information Commands | |
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| Errors in System Calls | |
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| Processes | |
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| Invoking Subprocesses with Exec | |
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| I/O To and From a Command Pipeline | |
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| Process Ids | |
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| Environment Variables | |
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| Terminating the Tcl Process with Exit | |
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| Errors and Exceptions | |
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| What Happens after an Error? | |
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| Generating Errors from Tcl Scripts | |
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| Trapping Errors with Catch | |
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| Exceptions in General | |
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| Managing Tcl Internals | |
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| Querying the Elements of an Array | |
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| The Info Command | |
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| Timing Command Execution | |
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| Tracing Operations on Variables | |
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| Renaming and Deleting Commands | |
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| Unknown Commands | |
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| Autoloading | |
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| History | |
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| The History List | |
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| Specifying Events1 | |
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| Reexecuting Commands from the History List | |
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| Shortcuts Implemented by Unknown | |
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| Current Event Number: History Nextid | |
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| Writing Scripts for TK | |
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| An Introduction to Tk | |
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| A Brief Introduction to X | |
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| Widgets | |
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| Applications, Top-Level Widgets, and Screens | |
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| Scripts and Events | |
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| Creating and Destroying Widgets | |
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| Geometry Managers | |
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| Widget Commands | |
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| Commands for Interconnection | |
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| A Tour of the Tk Widgets | |
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| Frames | |
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| Toplevels | |
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| Labels | |
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| Buttons, Checkbuttons, and Radiobuttons | |
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| Messages | |
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| Listboxes | |
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| Scrollbars | |
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| Scales | |
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| Entries | |
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| Menus and Menubuttons | |
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| Other Common Options | |
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| Geometry Managers: the Packer | |
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| An Overview of Geometry Management | |
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| Packer Basics | |
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| The Pack Command and -Side Options | |
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| Padding | |
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| Filling | |
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| Expansion | |
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| Anchors | |
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| Packing Order | |
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| Hierarchical Packing | |
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| Other Options to the Pack Command | |
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| Other Geometry Managers in Tk | |
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| Bindings | |
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| X Events | |
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| An Overview of the Bind Command | |
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| Event Patterns | |
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| Sequences of Events | |
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| Substitutions in Scripts | |
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| Conflict Resolution | |
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| When are Events Processed?Background Errors: Tkerror | |
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| Other Uses of Bindings | |
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| Canvas and Text Widgets | |
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| Canvas Basics: Items and Types | |
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| Manipulating Items with Identifiers and Tags | |
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| Bindings | |
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| Other Canvas Features | |
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| Text Widgets | |
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| Text Indices and Marks | |
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| Text Tags | |
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| The Selection | |
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| Selection | |