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| Preface | |
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| Foundations | |
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| Real-Time Systems--Setting the Scene | |
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| Categorizing computer systems | |
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| Real-time computer systems | |
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| The computing elements of real-time systems | |
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| Software for real-time applications--some general comments | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| The Search for Dependable Software | |
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| What do we want in our software? | |
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| Software errors | |
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| The basics of good software | |
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| A final comment | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| First Steps--Requirements Analysis and Specification | |
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| The software life-cycle | |
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| The importance of the requirements stage | |
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| Making mistakes--sources and causes | |
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| Practical approaches to analysis and specification | |
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| Communication aspects--the role of prototyping | |
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| Review | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Software and Program Design Concepts | |
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| Design fundamentals | |
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| The elements of modular design | |
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| Program control structures--the influence of structured programming | |
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| Functional structuring of software designs | |
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| Object-oriented design | |
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| Data flow design | |
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| Review | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Operating Systems for Real-Time Applications | |
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| Why use an operating system? | |
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| Basic features of real-time operating systems | |
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| Scheduling--concepts | |
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| Scheduling--implementation | |
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| Control of shared resources--mutual exclusion | |
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| Inter-task communication | |
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| Memory management | |
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| Distributed systems | |
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| Analysis and review of scheduling policies | |
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| Review | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Designing and Developing Real-Time Software | |
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| Practical Aspects of Real-Time Operating Systems | |
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| Operating systems--basic structures and features | |
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| Inter-processor communication | |
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| File handling | |
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| Graphical user interfaces in embedded systems | |
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| Performance and benchmarking of RTOSs | |
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| Development support | |
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| POSIX--Portable Operating System Interface | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Diagramming--An Introduction | |
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| Diagrams--why? | |
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| The essentials of software diagrams | |
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| Review | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Practical Diagramming Methods | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Diagrams for structured and data flow designs | |
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| UML diagrams for object-oriented designs | |
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| Extensions, variations and project-specific diagrams | |
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| Diagrams and the design process | |
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| Review | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Designing and Constructing Software--Code-Related Issues | |
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| Fundamental design and construction methods | |
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| Code development and packaging | |
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| Important features of programming languages | |
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| Choosing a high-level language for embedded systems | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Software Analysis and Design--Methods and Methodologies | |
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| The development process | |
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| Requirements analysis using viewpoint techniques--CORE | |
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| Yourdon Structured Method | |
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| Object-oriented analysis and design | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Implementation and Performance Issues | |
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| Analysing and Testing Source Code | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Static analysis | |
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| Source code metrics--code size, content and complexity | |
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| Dynamic analysis--testing and coverage analysis | |
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| Integration testing | |
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| Metrics for OO designs | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Development Tools | |
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| The development process | |
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| Software debugging--an overview | |
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| Software debugging on the host | |
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| Software debugging in the target--software-based techniques | |
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| Software debugging in the target--hardware-based methods | |
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| Software debugging in the target--combined hardware/software techniques | |
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| Debugging in host-as-target combinations | |
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| In-target analysis tools | |
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| Installing code into the target--non-volatile software (firmware) | |
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| Integrated development environments | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Mission-Critical and Safety-Critical Systems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| System specification aspects | |
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| Numerical issues | |
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| Application software aspects | |
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| Real-world interfacing | |
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| Operating systems aspects | |
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| Processor problems | |
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| Hardware-based fault tolerance | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Performance Engineering | |
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| Why performance engineering is important | |
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| Performance engineering--requirements, targets and achievables | |
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| Top-down (requirements-driven) performance modelling | |
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| Bottom-up (results-driven) performance modelling | |
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| Middle-out (risk-driven) performance modelling | |
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| Some practical issues in performance engineering | |
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| Review | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Documentation | |
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| Documentation--what and why? | |
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| Software life-cycle documentation--overview | |
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| System functional specifications | |
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| Software system specifications | |
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| Source code aspects | |
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| Configuration management and version control | |
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| Review | |
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| Applicable standards | |
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| References and further reading | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |