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Acknowledgements | |
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Abbreviations | |
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The historical and theoretical setting | |
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The Two Languages and their Historical Relation | |
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The genetic relation: 'Proto-West Nordic' | |
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West Nordic obstruents | |
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West Nordic sonorants | |
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West Nordic vowels | |
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Diphthongs and semivowels | |
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Prosodic structure | |
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The Historical Development | |
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Quantity and prosodic structure | |
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Overlong (superheavy) syllables and their development | |
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The components of the quantity shift | |
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Quality changes in the Icelandic vowel system | |
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Faroese vowel developments | |
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The short diphthongs | |
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The West Nordic consonant shift | |
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New postvocalic stops | |
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The skerping and hiatus | |
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Systemic arrangements and types of syllables | |
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Theoretical Preliminaries to the Synchronic Analysis | |
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Phonological levels of representation | |
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Alphabets for phonological representation | |
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Segments and distinctions | |
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Phonological primes | |
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Analysing diphthongization | |
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The representation of time and precedence | |
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Saturation and fission in West Nordic diphthongs | |
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The modern diphthongal systems | |
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The modern sound systems | |
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The Icelandic Vowel Colours and Diphthongs | |
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The Icelandic vowel system | |
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The monophthongal units | |
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The phonetic description of the vowel sounds | |
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Analysing the monophthongal colours | |
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The diphthongs as branching phonemic units | |
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Diphthongs and hiatus | |
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The vowels of non-initial syllables | |
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Faroese Vowels and Diphthongs | |
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An overview | |
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The inventory of vowels | |
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The 'long' and 'short' systems | |
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The phonetic and phonological analysis of the Faroese monophthongs and diphthongs | |
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The vowel qualities | |
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Analysing the Faroese diphthongs | |
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More on dialect variation and vowel systems | |
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Hiatus phenomena in Faroese | |
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Intervocalic glides | |
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Raising in hiatus | |
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One or two syllables | |
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The unstressed vowels of Faroese | |
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The vowel qualities | |
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The syllable types | |
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Dialects and morphology in unstressed vowel merger | |
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The postlexical reduction and syncope | |
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Coping with the variation: a folk-linguistic anecdote from T�rshavn | |
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Icelandic Consonants | |
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An overview | |
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The stops | |
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Places of articulation | |
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On palatals and velars | |
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The fortis-lenis opposition | |
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The fricatives | |
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The sonorants | |
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Summary: the classes of consonants and their element analysis | |
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Faroese Consonant Segments | |
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An overview | |
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The fortis and lenis plosives | |
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The phonological correlation | |
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'Hard' and 'soft' dialects in Faroese | |
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The fricatives | |
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Initial fricatives | |
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Word-internal fricatives and glides | |
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Sonorants | |
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The element analysis of the Faroese system | |
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Systemic relations and syllabic structure | |
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Systemic Relations in Vowels | |
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Trends towards a diasystem in Icelandic | |
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The 'new' diphthongs | |
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A context-free merger in the 'long' system | |
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The interplay of merger and diphthongization | |
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The 'long/open' and 'short/closed' correspondence | |
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The Faroese vowel systems | |
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The polysystemic structure | |
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On prominence | |
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The element analysis of reduction: limits on information in restricted environments | |
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Conclusion: systemic relations in vowel systems | |
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Syllable Structure and Phonotactics | |
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Syllable structure in Icelandic | |
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Motivating the syllable | |
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The subsyllabic constituents | |
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The Icelandic length rule | |
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Half length and overlength | |
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Emphatic stress on non-initial syllables | |
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Faroese syllables | |
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The length rule in Faroese | |
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The template for full syllables in Faroese | |
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Half length and overlength in Faroese | |
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Full syllables and restricted syllables in the phonological hierarchy | |
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The consonantal phonotactics of Icelandic | |
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Initial onsets in Icelandic | |
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Consonants in the Icelandic coda | |
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Internal onsets in Icelandic | |
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More complicated interludes in Icelandic | |
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The consonantal phonotactics of Faroese | |
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Monosegmental onsets | |
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Initial clusters in Faroese | |
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Faroese coda consonants | |
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Internal onsets in Faroese | |
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Gemination of glides and consonants | |
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Conclusion: remarks on systemic structure and prominence | |
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Length and Quantity in Accentuation and Phonotactics | |
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Length and quantity in Icelandic | |
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Some distinctions | |
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Segmental length and syllabic structure | |
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Length in postlexical accentuation | |
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Representing length and quantity | |
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Excursus: A brief comparison with Finland Swedish | |
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The length rule on lexical and phonological levels in Icelandic | |
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Length and syllabification | |
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Two versions of the rule | |
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The prosodic character of Faroese vowels | |
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Vowel shortness and the scale of prominence | |
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Segments and syllables on phonological levels | |
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Aspiration in Syllabic and Segmental Structure | |
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Aspiration and the character of the fortis-lenis opposition | |
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Representing the opposition | |
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Phonotactic or phonetic neutralization of the fortis-lenis opposition? | |
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Preaspiration in Icelandic | |
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The phonetic character | |
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The distribution of preaspiration in Icelandic | |
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Phonological analysis | |
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Related phenomena | |
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Preaspiration in Faroese | |
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Representing the difference | |
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Preaspiration in morphophonemics | |
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Allomorphy, Morphophonemics, and Phonological Levels | |
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Introduction | |
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Lexical and postlexical relations in paradigms | |
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Vocalic patterns in Icelandic | |
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The ablaut series | |
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I-umlaut | |
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U-umlaut and breaking | |
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Morphology and phonotactics in vocalic alternation | |
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Faroese vowel morphophonemics | |
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Ablaut | |
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Umlaut | |
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Consonantal patterns in Icelandic morphophonemics | |
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Consonantal patterns in Faroese | |
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Vowel deletion in paradigms | |
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Intersyllabic glides and fricatives in allomorphy | |
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Morphosyntax and phonology | |
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Lexical and postlexical principles | |
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Clitics | |
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Fossilized and non-fossilized patterns in Faroese | |
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Conclusion | |
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Rhythmic structure | |
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Word Stress Patterns in Icelandic and Faroese | |
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Icelandic word stress patterns | |
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Native patterns | |
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Foreign patterns in recent loans | |
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Word stress patterns in Faroese | |
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Native words | |
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Loanwords in Faroese | |
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The accommodation of foreign stress patterns | |
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Right-strong forms in Icelandic | |
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The Faroese patterns | |
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Morphological considerations: Faroese pseudo-morphology? | |
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Phrasing and Postlexical Phonology | |
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Phonological phrasing | |
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Systematic exceptions | |
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Deaccenting of weak morphosyntactic categories | |
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Deaccenting in Icelandic definite noun phrases | |
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Pragmatically motivated exceptions | |
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Emphatic rephrasing | |
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Contrast, focus, and given information | |
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The phonological consequences of phrasing | |
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Cohesive laws or sandhi-rules in Icelandic | |
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Sandhi in Faroese | |
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Rhythmic rearrangement | |
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Demarcative signals | |
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Stress and glottal onset | |
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Right hand signals in Icelandic | |
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Demarcative signals in Faroese | |
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Constituency and prominence | |
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Boundaries or dependencies? | |
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Domains, directionality, and prominence | |
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Rhythm and Intonation | |
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Rhythm and constituency | |
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Icelandic intonation | |
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The tonal inventory | |
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Downstep and upstep | |
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Functional considerations | |
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Faroese intonation | |
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The absence of word tones | |
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A note on phonetic data | |
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References | |
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Index | |