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| Preface for the Instructor | |
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| Introducing The Book | |
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| Philosophical Questions and Wonder | |
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| Features of This Book | |
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| A Little Logic | |
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| The Philosophy Of Religion | |
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| Challenges to Religious Belief | |
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| David Hume: The Irrationality of Believing in Miracles | |
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| Karl Marx: Religion as the Opium of the Masses | |
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| Friedrich Nietzsche: The Death of God | |
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| The Problem of Evil | |
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| Fyodor Dostoevsky: God and Human Suffering | |
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| John | |
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| Mackie: The Logical Problem of Evil | |
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| William Rowe: The Logical Problem of Evil Challenged | |
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| John Hick: A Soul-Making Theodicy | |
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| Mysticism and Religious Experience | |
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| Hindu Mysticism | |
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| William James: The Limited Authority of Mystical Experiences | |
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| Bertrand Russell: The Untrustworthiness of Mystical Experiences | |
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| Richard Swinburne: The Trustworthiness of Religious Experiences | |
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| The Ontological Argument for God''s Existence | |
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| Anselm''s Proofs | |
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| Gaunilo, Aquinas, and Kant: Against the Ontological Argument | |
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| The Cosmological Argument for God''s Existence | |
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| Aquinas''s Proofs | |
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| Clarke''s Proof and Hume''s Criticisms | |
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| The Design Argument for God''s Existence | |
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| David Hume: Against the Design Argument | |
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| William Paley: The Design Argument Revisited | |
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| Charles Darwin: Evolution and the Design Argument | |
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| Robin Collins: The Fine-Tuning Argument | |
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| Faith and Rationality | |
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| Blaise Pascal: Waging on Belief in God | |
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| William James: The Will to Believe | |
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| Alvin Plantinga and Jay Van Hook: Can We Know God Without Arguments? | |
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| Human Nature And The Self | |
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| Determinism Versus Free Will | |
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| Baron d''Holbach: The Case for Determinism | |
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| David Hume: Compatibilism | |
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| Thomas Reid: In Defense of Free Will | |
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| Richard Taylor: Determinism, Indeterminism, and Agency | |
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| Harry Frankfurt: Determinism and Second-Order Desires | |
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| Identity and Survival | |
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| Buddhism: No-Self and Transmigration of the Soul | |
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| David Hume: The Self as a Bundle of Perceptions | |
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| Terence Penelhum: Identity and Survival | |
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| The Self as Active Being | |
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| Soren Kierkegaard: The Self as Spirit | |
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| Karl Marx: The Self as Worker | |
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| Friedrich Nietzsche: The Self as the Will to Power | |
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| Martin Heidegger: The Self as Being Toward Death | |
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| The Self Connected with a Larger Reality | |
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| Hindu Upanishads: The Self-God | |
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| Chuang-tzu: The Way of Nature | |
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| Arne Naess: The Ecological Self | |
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| Charles Darwin: Human Beings as Evolved Animals | |
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| Souls, Minds, Bodies, And Machines | |
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| Ancient Western Views on Body, Soul, and Mind | |
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| Materialism, Atoms, and Sensation: Democritus and Lucretius | |
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| Body and Soul: Plato | |
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| Soul as Form of the Body: Aristotle | |
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| Classic Hindu Views on Soul, Self, and God | |
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| Katha Upanishad: The Outer Empirical Self and the Inner Self-God | |
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| Sankara: Strict Monism | |
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| Ramanuja: Qualified Monism | |
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| Modern Views on Mind and Body | |
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| Rene Descartes: Mental and Physical Substance | |
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| Anne Conway: The Mixture of Body and Soul | |
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| Benedict Spinoza and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Idealist Monism and Parallelism | |
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| Twentieth-Century Views on Mind and Body | |
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| Gilbert Ryle: Logical Behaviorism | |
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| J.J. | |
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| Smart and Paul Churchland: Mind-Brain Identity and Eliminative Materialism | |
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| Jerry Fodor: Functionalism | |
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| Intentionality | |
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| Franz Brentano: Intentionality as the Mark of the Mental | |
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| Daniel Dennett: Kinds of Intentional Psychology | |
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| Minds and Machines | |
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| Thomas Huxley: Humans as Machines | |
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| Ludwig Wittgenstein and Paul Ziff: Reminders About Machines and Thinking | |
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| John Searle: Minds, Brains, and the Chinese Room Argument | |
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| William | |
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| Lycan: A Reply to Searle | |
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| John Haugeland: Natural Languages, AI, and Existential Holism | |
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| Epistemology | |
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| Skepticism and Certainty | |
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| Chuang-tzu: The Relativity of All Things | |
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| Sextus Empiricus: The Goals and Methods of Skepticism | |
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| Rene Descartes: Dreams, Illusions, and the Evil Genius | |
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| David Hume: Skepticism About the External World | |
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| David Hume and Peter Strawson: The Problem of Induction | |
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| Sources of Knowledge: Rationalism and Empiricism | |
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| Plato: Knowledge Does Not Come from the Senses | |
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| John Locke: All Knowledge Derives from the Senses | |
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| John Searle: The Nature of Perception | |
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| A Priori Knowledge | |
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| David Hume: The Fo | |