| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction and History | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomy, Function, and Regulation | |
| |
| |
| |
The Female Reproductive System | |
| |
| |
| |
Ovaries | |
| |
| |
| |
Oviducts | |
| |
| |
| |
Uterus | |
| |
| |
| |
Cervix | |
| |
| |
| |
Vagina | |
| |
| |
| |
Vulva | |
| |
| |
| |
Support Structures, Nerves, and Blood Supply | |
| |
| |
| |
The Male Reproductive System | |
| |
| |
| |
Testes | |
| |
| |
| |
Scrotum and Spermatic Cord | |
| |
| |
| |
Epididymis | |
| |
| |
| |
Vasa Deferentia and Urethra | |
| |
| |
| |
Accessory Glands | |
| |
| |
| |
Penis | |
| |
| |
| |
Prepuce | |
| |
| |
| |
Neuroendocrine Regulators of Reproduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Primary Reproductive Hormones of the Pituitary Gland | |
| |
| |
| |
Neuroendocrine Control of the Pituitary Gland | |
| |
| |
| |
Hormones of the Gonads | |
| |
| |
| |
Primary Reproductive Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex | |
| |
| |
| |
Endocrine Function of the Uterine/Placental Unit | |
| |
| |
| |
Reproductive Role of Prostaglandins | |
| |
| |
| |
Regulation of Hormonal Receptor Sites | |
| |
| |
| |
Intracellular Mechanisms of Hormone Actions | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Reproductive Processes | |
| |
| |
| |
The Estrous Cycle | |
| |
| |
| |
Puberty | |
| |
| |
| |
Periods of the Estrous Cycle | |
| |
| |
| |
Hormonal Control of the Estrous Cycle | |
| |
| |
| |
Follicular Dynamics | |
| |
| |
| |
Mating Behavior | |
| |
| |
| |
Seasonal Breeders | |
| |
| |
| |
Spermatogenesis and Maturation of Spermatozoa | |
| |
| |
| |
Puberty | |
| |
| |
| |
The Process of Spermatogenesis | |
| |
| |
| |
The Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle and Spermatogenic Wave | |
| |
| |
| |
Capacitation of Spermatozoa and Acrosome Reaction | |
| |
| |
| |
Ovigenesis and Fertilization | |
| |
| |
| |
Ovigenesis | |
| |
| |
| |
Ovulation | |
| |
| |
| |
Gamete Transport | |
| |
| |
| |
Fertilization | |
| |
| |
| |
Polyspermy | |
| |
| |
| |
Aging of Gametes | |
| |
| |
| |
Gestation | |
| |
| |
| |
Cleavage | |
| |
| |
| |
Differentiation | |
| |
| |
| |
Fetal Growth | |
| |
| |
| |
Twinning | |
| |
| |
| |
Hormones Important to Gestation | |
| |
| |
| |
Parturition and Postpartum Recovery | |
| |
| |
| |
Overview of the Parturition Process | |
| |
| |
| |
Approaching Parturition | |
| |
| |
| |
Parturition | |
| |
| |
| |
Dystocia | |
| |
| |
| |
Care of the Newborn | |
| |
| |
| |
Retained Placentae | |
| |
| |
| |
Postpartum Recovery | |
| |
| |
| |
Lactation | |
| |
| |
| |
Structure of Mammary Glands | |
| |
| |
| |
Hormonal Regulation of the Development and Function of the Mammary Gland | |
| |
| |
| |
Composition of Milk | |
| |
| |
| |
Male Mating Behavior | |
| |
| |
| |
Regulation of Mating Behavior | |
| |
| |
| |
Erection and Ejaculation | |
| |
| |
| |
Maintaining Libido | |
| |
| |
| |
Semen and Its Components | |
| |
| |
| |
Spermatozoa | |
| |
| |
| |
Seminal Plasma | |
| |
| |
| |
Energy Metabolism by Spermatozoa | |
| |
| |
| |
Factors Affecting Rate of Metabolism | |
| |
| |
| |
Artificial Insemination | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction and History of Artificial Insemination | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
History | |
| |
| |
| |
Advantages and Disadvantages | |
| |
| |
| |
Semen Collection | |
| |
| |
| |
Facilities Needed for Semen Collection | |
| |
| |
| |
Methods of Semen Collection | |
| |
| |
| |
Semen Evaluation | |
| |
| |
| |
Gross Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
Progressive Motility | |
| |
| |
| |
Concentration of Sperm Cells | |
| |
| |
| |
Sperm Cell Morphology | |
| |
| |
| |
Differential Staining of Live and Dead Sperm | |
| |
| |
| |
Speed of Sperm | |
| |
| |
| |
Evaluating Frozen Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Computer Automated Semen Analyzer | |
| |
| |
| |
Other Tests | |
| |
| |
| |
Semen Processing, Storage, and Handling | |
| |
| |
| |
Importance and Ploperties of Semen Diluters | |
| |
| |
| |
Buffer Solutions Used in Semen Diluters | |
| |
| |
| |
Antimicrobial Agents for Semen Diluters | |
| |
| |
| |
Effective Diluters for Bull Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Processing Bull Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Storage and Handling of Bull Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
What Does the Future Hold for Liquid Bull Semen? | |
| |
| |
| |
Processing Boar Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Processing Ram Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Processing Stallion Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Processing Buck Semen | |
| |
| |
| |
Insemination Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
Insemination of the Cow | |
| |
| |
| |
Insemination of the Ewe and Doe | |
| |
| |
| |
Insemination of the Sow | |
| |
| |
| |
Insemination of the Mare | |
| |
| |
| |
Management for Improved Reproduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Altering Reproductive Processes | |
| |
| |
| |
Synchronization of Estrus | |
| |
| |
| |
Superovulation and Embryo Transfer | |
| |
| |
| |
In Vitro Capacitation and Fertilization | |
| |
| |
| |
Biotechnology | |
| |
| |
| |
Induced Parturition | |
| |
| |
| |
Altering Male Reproduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Androgenized Heifers for Detecting Estrus | |
| |
| |
| |
Reproductive Management | |
| |
| |
| |
Measurements of Reproductive Efficiency | |
| |
| |
| |
Management Related to the Female | |
| |
| |
| |
Male | |
| |
| |
| |
Pregnancy Diagnosis | |
| |
| |
| |
Cow | |
| |
| |
| |
Ewe and Doe | |
| |
| |
| |
Mares | |
| |
| |
| |
Sows | |
| |
| |
| |
Environmental Management | |
| |
| |
| |
Environmental Stressors | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiological Relationship of Environmental Stress to Reproduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Thermoregulation | |
| |
| |
| |
Modification of Summer Environments to Reduce Stress | |
| |
| |
| |
Other Management Considerations in Hot Environments | |
| |
| |
| |
Nutritional Management | |
| |
| |
| |
Nutritive Components | |
| |
| |
| |
Growing Animals | |
| |
| |
| |
Maintaining Reproductive Efficiency | |
| |
| |
| |
Causes of Reproductive Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
Anatomical and Inherited Causes of Reproductive Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
Freemartin | |
| |
| |
| |
Infantile Reproductive System | |
| |
| |
| |
Incomplete Structures--Oviduct, Uterus, Cervix, or Vagina | |
| |
| |
| |
Hermaphrodite | |
| |
| |
| |
Cryptorchid | |
| |
| |
| |
Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
Prolapse of Vagina and Uterus | |
| |
| |
| |
Physiological and Psychological Causes for Reproductive Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
Cystic Ovaries | |
| |
| |
| |
Retained Corpus Luteum | |
| |
| |
| |
Anestrus | |
| |
| |
| |
Irregular Estrous Cycles | |
| |
| |
| |
Quiet Ovulation | |
| |
| |
| |
Age | |
| |
| |
| |
Psychological Disturbances | |
| |
| |
| |
Infectious Diseases That Cause Reproductive Failure | |
| |
| |
| |
Bacterial Diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
Protozoan Diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
Viral Diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
Mycoses | |
| |
| |
Index | |