| |
| |
| |
| Citizenship in Our Changing Democracy | |
| |
| |
| Politics, Power, and Participation | |
| |
| |
| Types of Government | |
| |
| |
| Political Power | |
| |
| |
| Participation and Democracy | |
| |
| |
| American Political Ideals | |
| |
| |
| The Changing Face of the American Citizenry | |
| |
| |
| Growing Diversity | |
| |
| |
| Growing Older | |
| |
| |
| Growing Apart | |
| |
| |
| The Future of Citizenship | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Constitution: The Foundation of Citizens' Rights | |
| |
| |
| The Foundations of American Democracy | |
| |
| |
| Early Colonization | |
| |
| |
| Economic Distress | |
| |
| |
| Declaration of Independence | |
| |
| |
| The Birth of a Nation | |
| |
| |
| The Articles of Confederation: A Document | |
| |
| |
| Whose Time Had Come and Gone | |
| |
| |
| The Road to Philadelphia | |
| |
| |
| A New Constitution Is Born | |
| |
| |
| Regional Tensions | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Principles | |
| |
| |
| Liberal Democratic Principles | |
| |
| |
| Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances | |
| |
| |
| Federalism | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Construction | |
| |
| |
| The Fight for Ratification | |
| |
| |
| Antifederalist Opposition | |
| |
| |
| The Battle in the States | |
| |
| |
| Making Good on a Promise | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Change | |
| |
| |
| Amending the Constitution | |
| |
| |
| Institutional Adaptation | |
| |
| |
| Judicial Review | |
| |
| |
| Expanding the Franchise | |
| |
| |
| The Constitution and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Federalism: Citizenship and the Dispersal of Power | |
| |
| |
| The Division of Power | |
| |
| |
| Prevailing Models for Dispersing Power | |
| |
| |
| The Federalist Solution | |
| |
| |
| The Evolution of Intergovernmental Relations | |
| |
| |
| The National Government Asserts Itself: 1789-1832 | |
| |
| |
| Dual Federalism, Disunion, and War: 1832-1865 | |
| |
| |
| Federalism in the Age of Commerce: 1865-1932 | |
| |
| |
| The New Deal and the Growth of National Power: 1932-1937 | |
| |
| |
| Cooperative Federalism: 1937-1960s | |
| |
| |
| Creative Federalism: 1960s-1970s | |
| |
| |
| New Federalism and the Devolution of Power: 1980-Present | |
| |
| |
| Federal-State Relations | |
| |
| |
| Fiscal Relations | |
| |
| |
| Political Relations | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Issues | |
| |
| |
| Interstate Relations | |
| |
| |
| Cooperation and Competition | |
| |
| |
| Innovation in the States | |
| |
| |
| Federalism and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Civil Liberties: Expanding Citizens' Rights | |
| |
| |
| Heritage of Rights and Liberties | |
| |
| |
| The Constitution and Rights | |
| |
| |
| The Bill of Rights | |
| |
| |
| Incorporation | |
| |
| |
| The Modern Emphasis on Rights | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of Religion | |
| |
| |
| Free Exercise Clause | |
| |
| |
| Congress and Religious Freedom | |
| |
| |
| Establishment Clause | |
| |
| |
| Religion and Public Schools | |
| |
| |
| Religious Use of Public School Facilities and Funds | |
| |
| |
| Prayer in School | |
| |
| |
| Aid to Religious School | |
| |
| |
| Government Endorsement of Religion | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of Speech | |
| |
| |
| Political Speech | |
| |
| |
| Campaign Speech | |
| |
| |
| Commercial Speech | |
| |
| |
| Symbolic Speech | |
| |
| |
| Boundaries of Free Speech | |
| |
| |
| Obscenity | |
| |
| |
| Defamation | |
| |
| |
| Hate Speech | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of the Press | |
| |
| |
| Prior Restraint | |
| |
| |
| Government Control of Media Content | |
| |
| |
| Special Rights | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of Assembly and Association | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of Assembly | |
| |
| |
| Freedom of Association | |
| |
| |
| Right to Keep and Bear Arms | |
| |
| |
| Rights of the Accused | |
| |
| |
| The Fourth Amendment: Searches and Seizures | |
| |
| |
| The Fifth Amendment: Self-Incrimination | |
| |
| |
| The Sixth Amendment: Right to Counsel | |
| |
| |
| The Sixth Amendment: Trial by Jury | |
| |
| |
| The Eighth Amendment: Cruel and Unusual Punishment | |
| |
| |
| The Right to Privacy | |
| |
| |
| Abortion | |
| |
| |
| The Right to Die | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and Constitutional Liberties | |
| |
| |
| |
| Civil Rights: Toward a More Equal Citizenry | |
| |
| |
| African Americans and Civil Rights | |
| |
| |
| Slavery | |
| |
| |
| Dred Scott | |
| |
| |
| The Civil War and Reconstruction | |
| |
| |
| Segregation | |
| |
| |
| Voting Barriers | |
| |
| |
| NAACP | |
| |
| |
| Modern Era of Civil Rights | |
| |
| |
| Civil Rights Mobilization | |
| |
| |
| Civil Rights Legislation | |
| |
| |
| Retrospective | |
| |
| |
| Interpreting Equality | |
| |
| |
| Judicial Tests | |
| |
| |
| Affirmative Action | |
| |
| |
| Racial Classification | |
| |
| |
| Current Impact on Education | |
| |
| |
| Continuing Controversy | |
| |
| |
| Other Minority Groups | |
| |
| |
| Native Americans | |
| |
| |
| Hispanic Americans | |
| |
| |
| Asian Americans | |
| |
| |
| Disabled Americans | |
| |
| |
| American Seniors | |
| |
| |
| Gay and Lesbian Americans | |
| |
| |
| Women and Civil Rights | |
| |
| |
| Women's Mobilization Eras | |
| |
| |
| Early Women's Movement: 1840-1875 | |
| |
| |
| The Suffrage Movement: 1890-1920 | |
| |
| |
| The Second Women's Rights Movement: 1961-Present | |
| |
| |
| Current Issues | |
| |
| |
| Workplace Equality | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Harrassment | |
| |
| |
| Women's Role in the Military | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and Civil Rights | |
| |
| |
| |
| Public Opinion: Listening to Citizens | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Public Opinion in the Context of American Politics | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Public Opinion | |
| |
| |
| Changes in Assessing and Using Public Opinion | |
| |
| |
| How Political Opinions Are Formed | |
| |
| |
| The Process of Socialization | |
| |
| |
| Agents of Political Socialization | |
| |
| |
| Group Differences in Political Opinions | |
| |
| |
| Racial and Ethnic Identity | |
| |
| |
| Gender | |
| |
| |
| Geography | |
| |
| |
| Measuring Public Opinion | |
| |
| |
| Dimensions of Public Opinion | |
| |
| |
| Types of Polls | |
| |
| |
| Polling Techniques | |
| |
| |
| Who Is Asked? Selecting the Sample | |
| |
| |
| What Is Asked? Paying Attention to the Questions | |
| |
| |
| The Content of American Public Opinion | |
| |
| |
| Political Knowledge | |
| |
| |
| Confidence in Government Institutions | |
| |
| |
| Trust in Government | |
| |
| |
| Political Efficacy | |
| |
| |
| Support for Democratic Values | |
| |
| |
| Political Ideologies | |
| |
| |
| Public Opinion and Public Policy | |
| |
| |
| Public Opinion and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Political Participation: Equal Opportunities and Unequal Voices | |
| |
| |
| Political Participation: Opportunities, Costs, and Benefits | |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Political Participation | |
| |
| |
| Amount of Information Conveyed | |
| |
| |
| Variation in Frequency and Strength of Messages Conveyed | |
| |
| |
| Ingredients for Involvement | |
| |
| |
| Access to Resources | |
| |
| |
| Political Engagement | |
| |
| |
| Mobilization | |
| |
| |
| Voting | |
| |
| |
| Who Votes? Who Doesn't? | |
| |
| |
| Factors Influencing Voter Turnout | |
| |
| |
| Other Forms of Political Participation | |
| |
| |
| Beyond Voting: Activities That Require More Time | |
| |
| |
| Beyond Voting: Acitivities That Require More Skill | |
| |
| |
| Beyond Voting: Activities That Require Money | |
| |
| |
| The Impact of Participation Patterns on Policy | |
| |
| |
| Participation and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interest Groups in America | |
| |
| |
| Organized Interests: Who Are They | |
| |
| |
| Neighbors or Adversaries? | |
| |
| |
| Distinctive Features | |
| |
| |
| The Roots of Interest Group Politics in America | |
| |
| |
| Interest Groups on the Rise | |
| |
| |
| The Advocacy Explosion | |
| |
| |
| Who Interests Are Represented? | |
| |
| |
| Who Has the Numbers? | |
| |
| |
| Who Has the Money? | |
| |
| |
| Who Interests Are Not Represented? | |
| |
| |
| Why Join? | |
| |
| |
| Material Incentives | |
| |
| |
| Solidary Incentives | |
| |
| |
| Purposive Incentives | |
| |
| |
| Assessing Motives | |
| |
| |
| Interest Group Strategies | |
| |
| |
| Lobbying and Other Tactics | |
| |
| |
| Lobbying | |
| |
| |
| Financing Campaigns | |
| |
| |
| Accessing the Courts | |
| |
| |
| Grass Roots Mobilation | |
| |
| |
| Coalition Formation | |
| |
| |
| Protests | |
| |
| |
| Interest Groups and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Parties and Political Campaigns: Citizens and the Electoral Process | |
| |
| |
| Political Parties and Electoral Politics | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Parties | |
| |
| |
| Why Two Parties? | |
| |
| |
| Growth and Development of Our Two-Party System | |
| |
| |
| The Evolution of American Political Parties: Five Party Eras | |
| |
| |
| 1968 to Present | |
| |
| |
| Party Realignment | |
| |
| |
| Built to Win: Party Structure | |
| |
| |
| National Committees | |
| |
| |
| Congressional and Senatorial Campaign Committees | |
| |
| |
| State Committees | |
| |
| |
| Local Party Organizations | |
| |
| |
| Precinct Organizations | |
| |
| |
| Third Parties and Independent Candidacies | |
| |
| |
| Candidates and Electoral Politics: Candidate-Centered Campaigning | |
| |
| |
| Candidates, Money, and Expertise | |
| |
| |
| Candidates and the Parties | |
| |
| |
| Candidate Communication | |
| |
| |
| Voters in the Electoral Process: How Americans Decide | |
| |
| |
| Party Choice | |
| |
| |
| Issues | |
| |
| |
| Candidate Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| Parties, Political Campaigns, and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Media: Tuning In or Turning Out | |
| |
| |
| Evolving Civic Life and Media Changes | |
| |
| |
| Early Days | |
| |
| |
| Partisan Press | |
| |
| |
| Penny Press | |
| |
| |
| Yellow Journalism | |
| |
| |
| Broadcast Media | |
| |
| |
| The Media Today | |
| |
| |
| The Media Environment in America | |
| |
| |
| Private Ownership | |
| |
| |
| Ownership Limits | |
| |
| |
| Content Regulation | |
| |
| |
| Emphasis on Entertainment | |
| |
| |
| Adversarial Journalism | |
| |
| |
| Political Bias? | |
| |
| |
| Media and Political Campaigns | |
| |
| |
| Free Media | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Debates | |
| |
| |
| Paid Media | |
| |
| |
| The Internet | |
| |
| |
| Game Coverage | |
| |
| |
| Character Issue (Probing Personal Lives) | |
| |
| |
| Election Night Coverage | |
| |
| |
| Government Coverage in the Media | |
| |
| |
| Covering the President | |
| |
| |
| Covering Congress | |
| |
| |
| Covering the Supreme Court | |
| |
| |
| The Media and Civic Engagement Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Congress: Doing the People's Business | |
| |
| |
| Origins and Powers of Congress | |
| |
| |
| Civic Life and Congressional Change | |
| |
| |
| Building the Institution | |
| |
| |
| The Era of Reform | |
| |
| |
| The Resurgent Executive Branch | |
| |
| |
| The Rights Revolution and Congress Today | |
| |
| |
| Getting Elected | |
| |
| |
| Resources | |
| |
| |
| The Incumbency Factor | |
| |
| |
| Midterm Elections | |
| |
| |
| Redistricting | |
| |
| |
| Doing the Job: Responsibilities and Benefits | |
| |
| |
| Representing the People | |
| |
| |
| Pay and Perks | |
| |
| |
| Home-Style Politics | |
| |
| |
| Dealing with Organized Interests | |
| |
| |
| Working with Others | |
| |
| |
| Keys to Political Power | |
| |
| |
| The Committee System | |
| |
| |
| Party | |
| |
| |
| Position | |
| |
| |
| Procedures | |
| |
| |
| The Functions of Congress | |
| |
| |
| Lawmaking | |
| |
| |
| Declaring War | |
| |
| |
| Impeachment | |
| |
| |
| Oversight | |
| |
| |
| Budgeting | |
| |
| |
| Advice and Consent | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and Congress Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Presidency: Power and Paradox | |
| |
| |
| Origins and Powers of the Presidency | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Provisions | |
| |
| |
| Crafting the Office: From Washington to Roosevelt | |
| |
| |
| The Modern Presidency | |
| |
| |
| The Path to the Presidency | |
| |
| |
| Getting Elected | |
| |
| |
| Fundraising | |
| |
| |
| Primary Sweepstakes | |
| |
| |
| Party Conventions | |
| |
| |
| The General Election | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Power | |
| |
| |
| Chief Executive | |
| |
| |
| Commander in Chief | |
| |
| |
| Chief Diplomat | |
| |
| |
| Chief of State | |
| |
| |
| Lawmaker | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Roles | |
| |
| |
| Party Leader | |
| |
| |
| Economic Leader | |
| |
| |
| Opinion Leader | |
| |
| |
| The Executive Branch | |
| |
| |
| Cabinet | |
| |
| |
| Executive Office of the President | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Style | |
| |
| |
| Assessing Presidential Power and Its Limits | |
| |
| |
| The Vice President | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and the Presidency Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bureaucracy: Citizens As Owners and Consumers | |
| |
| |
| Bureaucratic Changes and Evolving Civic Life | |
| |
| |
| Growth of Bureaucracy | |
| |
| |
| The Early Bureaucracy | |
| |
| |
| The Reform Era | |
| |
| |
| Bureaucracy Today | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Bureaucracy | |
| |
| |
| Federal Bureaucrats and Their Work | |
| |
| |
| Who Are They? | |
| |
| |
| What Do They Do? | |
| |
| |
| Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy | |
| |
| |
| Sources of Bureaucratic Power | |
| |
| |
| External Support | |
| |
| |
| Expertise and Discretion | |
| |
| |
| Longevity and Vitality | |
| |
| |
| Leadership | |
| |
| |
| Controlling Bureaucratic Power | |
| |
| |
| Congressional Controls | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Controls | |
| |
| |
| Judicial Controls | |
| |
| |
| Whistle Blowing | |
| |
| |
| The Bureaucracy and Civic Engagement | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Courts: Judicial Power in a Democratic Setting | |
| |
| |
| National Court Structure | |
| |
| |
| District Courts | |
| |
| |
| United States Courts of Appeals | |
| |
| |
| United States Supreme Court | |
| |
| |
| Specialized Courts | |
| |
| |
| Nature of the Judicial Process | |
| |
| |
| Common Law | |
| |
| |
| Judicial Review | |
| |
| |
| Civil and Criminal Law | |
| |
| |
| Judicial Requirements | |
| |
| |
| Real Cases and Controversies | |
| |
| |
| Changing Nature of the Supreme Court | |
| |
| |
| The Early Court | |
| |
| |
| The Court, Business, and Social Welfare | |
| |
| |
| The Court and Personal Rights | |
| |
| |
| Supreme Court Decision Making | |
| |
| |
| Agenda Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Voting Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Explaining Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Implementing Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Supreme Court Selection | |
| |
| |
| Nomination | |
| |
| |
| Nomination Criteria | |
| |
| |
| Senate Confirmation | |
| |
| |
| Lower Court Selection | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and the Judiciary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Public Policy: Responding to Citizens | |
| |
| |
| The Nature and Scope of Public Policy | |
| |
| |
| Policy Making and Evaluation | |
| |
| |
| Problem Recognition | |
| |
| |
| Agenda Setting | |
| |
| |
| Policy Formation | |
| |
| |
| Policy Adoption and Implementation | |
| |
| |
| Policy Evaluation | |
| |
| |
| Explaining Policy Outcomes | |
| |
| |
| Domestic Policy | |
| |
| |
| Protecting the Environment | |
| |
| |
| Helping the Poor | |
| |
| |
| Economic Policy | |
| |
| |
| Fiscal Policy | |
| |
| |
| Monetary Policy | |
| |
| |
| Global Economic Policy | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and Public Policy Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Foreign and Defense Policy: Protecting American Interests in the World | |
| |
| |
| Defense and Foreign Policy in Historical Perspective | |
| |
| |
| Finding a Place in the World | |
| |
| |
| Becoming an International Power | |
| |
| |
| The Nuclear Age | |
| |
| |
| The Growing Threat of Terrorism | |
| |
| |
| Defending U.S. Interests in a Constantly Changing World | |
| |
| |
| Defining National Interests | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Nation-State Dynamics and Strategic Choices | |
| |
| |
| Making Foreign Policy | |
| |
| |
| The Primacy of the Executive Branch | |
| |
| |
| Congress's Role | |
| |
| |
| Other Actors | |
| |
| |
| The Public's Role | |
| |
| |
| Tools of Foreign Policy | |
| |
| |
| Military Power | |
| |
| |
| Diplomacy | |
| |
| |
| Foreign Aid | |
| |
| |
| Working with International Organizations | |
| |
| |
| Confronting the Future | |
| |
| |
| The Terrorist Threat | |
| |
| |
| The Nuclear Threat | |
| |
| |
| Threats Posed by Regional Conflicts | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of China | |
| |
| |
| Civic Engagement and Foreign Policy Today | |
| |
| |
| Appendix | |
| |
| |
| The Declaration of Independence | |
| |
| |
| The Constitution of the United States of America | |
| |
| |
| Federalist Paper No. 10 (James Madison) | |
| |
| |
| Federalist Paper No. 51 (James Madison) | |