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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Roots | |
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| LabVIEW and Automation | |
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| Virtual instruments: LabVIEW's foundation | |
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| Why use LabVIEW? | |
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| The Origin of LabVIEW | |
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| Introduction | |
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| A vision emerges | |
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| All the world's an instrument | |
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| A hard-core UNIX guy won over by the Macintosh | |
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| Putting it all together with pictures | |
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| Favoring the underdog platform for system design | |
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| Ramping up development | |
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| Stretching the limits of tools and machine | |
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| Facing reality on estimated development times | |
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| Shipping the first version | |
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| Apple catches up with the potential offered by LabVIEW | |
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| LabVIEW 2: A first-rate instrument control product becomes a world-class programming system | |
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| The port to Windows and Sun | |
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| LabVIEW 3 | |
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| LabVIEW 4 | |
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| LabVIEW branches to BridgeVIEW | |
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| LabVIEW 5 | |
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| The LabVIEW RT branch | |
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| LabVIEW 6 | |
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| LabVIEW 7 | |
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| LabVIEW 8 | |
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| Crystal Ball Department | |
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| LabVIEW influences other software products | |
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| LabVIEW Handles Big Jobs | |
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| Getting Started | |
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| About the Diagrams in This Book | |
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| Sequencing and Data Flow | |
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| LabVIEW under the Hood | |
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| The parts of a VI | |
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| How VIs are compiled | |
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| Multitasking, multithreaded LabVIEW | |
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| The LabVIEW Environment | |
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| Front panel | |
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| Controls | |
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| Property nodes | |
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| Block diagram | |
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| SubVIs | |
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| Icons | |
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| Polymorphic VIs | |
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| Data | |
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| Clusters | |
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| Typedefs | |
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| Arrays | |
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| Debugging | |
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| See what the subVIs are up to | |
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| Peeking at data | |
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| One step at a time | |
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| Execution highlighting | |
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| Setting breakpoints | |
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| Suspend when called | |
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| Calling Other Code | |
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| CINs | |
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| Dynamic link libraries | |
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| Programming by Plagiarizing | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Controlling Program Flow | |
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| Sequences | |
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| Data Dependency | |
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| Adding Common Threads | |
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| Looping | |
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| While LOOPS | |
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| For Loops | |
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| Shift registers | |
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| Uninitialized shift registers | |
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| Globals | |
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| Global and local variables | |
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| Built-in global variables-and their hazards | |
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| Local variables | |
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| Events | |
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| Notify and Filter events | |
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| Mechanical actions | |
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| Dynamic events | |
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| Design Patterns | |
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| Initialize and then loop | |
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| Independent parallel loops | |
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| Client-server | |
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| Client-server (with autonomous VIs) | |
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| State machines | |
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| Queued message handler | |
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| Event-driven applications | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| LabVIEW Data Types | |
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| Numeric Types | |
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| Strings | |
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| Building strings | |
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| Parsing strings | |
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| Dealing with unprintables | |
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| Spreadsheets, strings, and arrays | |
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| Arrays | |
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| Initializing arrays | |
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| Array memory usage and performance | |
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| Clusters | |
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| Waveforms | |
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| Data Type Conversions | |
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| Conversion and coercion | |
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| Intricate conversions and type casting | |
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| Flatten To String (... Do what?) | |
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| Enumerated types (enums) | |
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| Get Carried Away Department | |
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| Timing | |
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| Where Do Little Timers Come From? | |
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| Using the Built-in Timing Functions | |
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| Intervals | |
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| Timed structures | |
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| Timing sources | |
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| Execution and priority | |
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| Timing guidelines | |
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| Sending timing data to other applications | |
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| High-resolution and high-accuracy timing | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Synchronization | |
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| Polling | |
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| Events | |
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| Occurrences | |
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| Notifiers | |
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| Queues | |
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| Semaphores | |
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| Me and You, Rendezvous | |
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| Files | |
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| Accessing Files | |
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| File Types | |
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| Writing Text Files | |
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| Reading Text Files | |
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| Formatting to Text Files | |
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| Binary Files | |
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| Writing binary files | |
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| Reading binary files | |
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| Writing Datalog Files | |
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| Reading Datalog Files | |
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| Datalog file utilities | |
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| Building an Application | |
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| Define the Problem | |
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| Analyze the user's needs | |
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| Gather specifications | |
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| Draw a block diagram | |
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| Specify the I/O Hardware | |
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| Prototype the User Interface | |
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| Panel possibilities | |
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| First Design and Then Write Your Program | |
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| Ask a Wizard | |
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| Top-down or bottom-up? | |
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| Modularity | |
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| Choose an architecture: Design patterns | |
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| The VI hierarchy as a design tool | |
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| Sketching program structure | |
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| Pseudocoding | |
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| Ranges, coercion, and default values | |
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| Handling errors | |
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| Putting it all together | |
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| Testing and Debugging Your Program | |
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| Tracing execution | |
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| Checking performance | |
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| Final Touches | |
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| VBL epilogue | |
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| Studying for the LabVIEW Certification Exams | |
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| CLAD | |
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| CLD | |
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| Traffic light controller | |
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| Car wash controller | |
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| Security system | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Documentation | |
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| VI Descriptions | |
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| Control Descriptions | |
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| Custom Online Help | |
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| Documenting the Diagram | |
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| VI History | |
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| Other Ways to Document | |
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| Printing LabVIEW Panels and Diagrams | |
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| Putting LabVIEW screen images into other documents | |
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| Writing Formal Documents | |
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| Document outline | |
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| Connector pane picture | |
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| VI description | |
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| Terminal descriptions | |
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| Programming examples | |
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| Distributing Documents | |
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| Instrument Driver Basics | |
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| Finding Instrument Drivers | |
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| Driver Basics | |
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| Communication standards | |
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| Learn about Your Instrument | |
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| Determine Which Functions to Program | |
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| Establish Communications | |
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| Hardware and wiring | |
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| Protocols and basic message passing | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Instrument Driver Development Techniques | |
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| Plug-and-Play Instrument Drivers | |
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| General Driver Architectural Concepts | |
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| Error I/O flow control | |
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| Modularity by grouping of functions | |
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| Project organization | |
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| Initialization | |
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| Configuration | |
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| Action and status | |
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| Data | |
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| Utility | |
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| Close | |
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| Documentation | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Inputs and Outputs | |
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| Origins of Signals | |
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| Transducers and sensors | |
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| Actuators | |
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| Categories of signals | |
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| Connections | |
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| Grounding and shielding | |
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| Why use amplifiers or other signal conditioning? | |
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| Choosing the right I/O subsystem | |
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| Network everything! | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Sampling Signals | |
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| Sampling Theorem | |
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| Filtering and Averaging | |
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| About ADCs, DACs, and Multiplexers | |
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| Digital-to-analog converters | |
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| Digital codes | |
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| Triggering and Timing | |
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| A Little Noise Can Be a Good Thing | |
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| Throughput | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Writing a Data Acquisition Program | |
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| Data Analysis and Storage | |
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| Postrun analysis | |
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| Real-time analysis and display | |
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| Sampling and Throughput | |
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| Signal bandwidth | |
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| Oversampling and digital filtering | |
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| Timing techniques | |
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| Configuration Management | |
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| What to configure | |
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| Configuration editors | |
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| Configuration compilers | |
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| Saving and recalling configurations | |
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| A Low-Speed Data Acquisition Example | |
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| Medium-Speed Acquisition and Processing | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| LabVIEW RT | |
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| Real Time Does Not Mean Real Fast | |
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| RT Hardware | |
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| Designing Software to Meet Real-Time Requirements | |
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| Measuring performance | |
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| Shared resources | |
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| Multithreading and multitasking | |
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| Organizing VIs for best real-time performance | |
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| Context switching adds overhead | |
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| Scheduling | |
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| Timed structures | |
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| Communications | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| LabVIEW FPGA | |
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| What Is an FPGA? | |
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| LabVIEW for FPGAs | |
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| RIO hardware platforms | |
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| Plug-in cards | |
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| CompactRIO | |
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| Timing and synchronization | |
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| Compact Vision | |
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| Application Development | |
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| Compiling | |
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| Debugging | |
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| Synchronous execution and the enable chain | |
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| Clocked execution and the single-cycle Timed Loop | |
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| Parallelism | |
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| Pipelining | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| LabVIEW Embedded | |
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| Introduction | |
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| History | |
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| LabVIEW Embedded Development Module | |
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| The technology: What's happening | |
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| Running LabVIEW Embedded on a new target | |
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| Porting the LabVIEW runtime library | |
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| Incorporating the C toolchain | |
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| The Embedded Project Manager | |
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| LEP plug-in VIs | |
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| Target_OnSelect | |
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| Other plug-in VIs | |
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| Incorporating I/O srivers | |
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| LabVIEW Embedded programming best practices | |
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| Interrupt driven programming | |
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| LabVIEW Embedded targets | |
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| Process Control Applications | |
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| Process Control Basics | |
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| Industrial standards | |
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| Control = manipulating outputs | |
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| Process signals | |
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| Control system architectures | |
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| Working with Smart Controllers | |
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| Single-loop controllers (SLCs) | |
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| Other smart I/O subsystems | |
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| Man-Machine Interfaces | |
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| Display hierarchy | |
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| Other interesting display techniques | |
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| Handling all those front panel items | |
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| Data Distribution | |
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| Input scanners as servers | |
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| Handling output data | |
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| Display VIs as clients | |
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| Using network connections | |
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| Real-time process control databases | |
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| Simulation for validation | |
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| Sequential Control | |
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| Interlocking with logic and tables | |
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| State machines | |
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| Initialization problems | |
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| GrafcetVIEW-a graphical process control package | |
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| Continuous Control | |
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| Designing a control strategy | |
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| Trending | |
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| Real-time trends | |
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| Historical trends | |
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| Statistical process control (SPC) | |
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| Alarms | |
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| Using an alarm handler | |
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| Techniques for operator notification | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Physics Applications | |
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| Special Hardware | |
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| Signal conditioning | |
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| CAMAC | |
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| Other I/O hardware | |
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| Field and Plasma Diagnostics | |
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| Step-and-measure experiments | |
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| Plasma potential experiments | |
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| Handling Fast Pulses | |
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| Transient digitizers | |
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| Digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs) | |
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| Timing and triggering | |
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| Capturing many pulses | |
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| Recovering signals from synchronous experiments | |
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| Handling Huge Data Sets | |
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| Reducing the amount of data | |
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| Optimizing VIs for memory usage | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Data Visualization, Imaging, and Sound | |
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| Graphing | |
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| Displaying waveform and cartesian data | |
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| Bivariate data | |
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| Multivariate data | |
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| 3D Graphs | |
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| Intensity Chart | |
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| Image Acquisition and Processing | |
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| System requirements for imaging | |
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| Using IMAQ Vision | |
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| IMAQ components | |
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| Sound I/O | |
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| DAQ for sound I/O | |
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| Sound I/O functions | |
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| Sound input | |
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| Sound output | |
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| Sound files | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |