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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Laboratory Testing Program | |
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| Common Laboratory Tests of Soil | |
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| Laboratory Equipment | |
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| Minimum requirements | |
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| Calibration | |
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| Manuals | |
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| Accreditation | |
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| Symbols and Units | |
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| Book Outline | |
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| Types of Soil Samples | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Subsurface Exploration | |
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| Borings, test pits, and trenches | |
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| Soil sampling | |
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| Three Types of Soil Samples | |
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| X-Ray Radiography of Soil Samples | |
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| Soil Structure | |
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| Transporting, Preserving, and Disposal of Soil Samples | |
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| Transportation of soil samples | |
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| Preserving soil samples | |
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| Disposal of soil samples | |
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| Problems | |
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| Index Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Three Basic Parts of Soil | |
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| Water Content | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Dissolved solids | |
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| Temperature effects | |
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| Unit Weight | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Dry unit weight | |
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| Buoyant unit weight | |
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| Specific Gravity | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Soluble solids | |
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| Phase Relationships | |
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| Volume of voids | |
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| Void ratio and porosity | |
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| Degree of saturation | |
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| Useful relationships | |
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| Relative Density | |
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| Problems | |
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| Particle Size Distribution and Atterberg Limits | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Particle Size Definitions | |
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| Sieve Analysis | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Hydrometer Analysis | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Particle Size Distribution | |
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| Atterberg Limits | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Plasticity index and liquidity index | |
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| Clay mineralogy and activity | |
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| Problems | |
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| Soil Classification | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Unified Soil Classification System | |
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| Coarse-grained and fine-grained soils | |
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| Group symbols | |
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| Other descriptive terminology | |
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| Inorganic Soil Classification System Based on Plasticity | |
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| AASHTO Soil Classification System | |
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| USDA Textural Soil Classification System | |
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| Other Soil Classification Systems | |
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| Example of Different Soil Classification Systems | |
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| Organic Soil Classification | |
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| Unusual Soil | |
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| Problems | |
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| Soil Settlement Analysis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Oedometer Apparatus | |
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| Collapsible Soil | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Example of test data | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Collapse potential | |
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| Consolidation Test | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Settlement calculations | |
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| Rate of consolidation | |
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| Secondary compression | |
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| Common errors | |
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| Oedometer Apparatus for Other Soils | |
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| Problems | |
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| Expansive Soil | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Expansive Soil Factors | |
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| Expansion Potential | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Index properties | |
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| Expansion Index test | |
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| HUD swell test | |
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| Foundation design | |
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| Swell Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Heave calculations | |
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| Common errors and limitations | |
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| Swelling of desiccated clays | |
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| Swell Index | |
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| Expansive Rock | |
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| Problems | |
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| Shear Strength of Cohesionless Soil | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Mohr-Coulomb Failure Law | |
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| Typical Values of Effective Friction Angle | |
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| Direct Shear Test | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Example of test data | |
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| Common errors and limitations | |
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| Triaxial Test | |
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| Problems | |
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| Shear Strength of Cohesive Soil | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Triaxial Test | |
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| Equipment | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Example of test data | |
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| Common errors and limitations | |
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| Undrained Shear Strength s[subscript u] | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Unconfined compression test | |
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| Vane shear test | |
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| Sensitivity | |
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| Consistency | |
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| Undrained shear strength versus depth | |
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| Normalized undrained shear strength s[subscript u]/[sigma superscript l subscript v] | |
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| Undrained Shear Strength (c and [phis]) | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test | |
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| Consolidated undrained triaxial compression test | |
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| Effective Shear Strength | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Direct shear test | |
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| Consolidated drained triaxial compression test | |
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| Consolidated undrained triaxial compression test with pore water pressure measurements | |
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| Factors Affecting Shear Strength | |
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| Total Stress and Effective Stress Analyses | |
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| Drained Residual Shear Strength | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Direct shear apparatus | |
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| Torsional ring shear test | |
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| Examples of test data | |
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| Problems | |
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| Laboratory Compaction Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Modified Proctor Compaction Test | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Example of test data | |
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| Common errors and limitations | |
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| Standard Proctor Compaction Test | |
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| One-Point Proctor Test | |
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| Oversize Particles | |
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| Problems | |
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| Field Density Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Grading | |
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| Sand Cone Test | |
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| Calibration | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations | |
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| Common errors and limitations | |
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| Other Destructive Field Density Tests | |
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| Balloon test | |
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| Drive cylinder | |
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| Test pit method | |
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| Nondestructive Field Density Test | |
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| Types of Fill | |
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| Select import | |
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| Uniform borrow | |
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| Mixed borrow | |
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| Borrow with oversize particles | |
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| Frequency of Field Density Testing | |
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| Problems | |
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| Permeability Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Factors affecting the coefficient of permeability | |
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| Darcy's law | |
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| Laboratory Permeability Tests | |
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| Constant head permeameter | |
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| Falling head permeameter | |
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| Limitations of laboratory permeability tests | |
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| Field Permeability Tests | |
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| Percolation Tests for Sewage Disposal System | |
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| Problems | |
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| Other Common Soil Tests | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Soluble Sulfate | |
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| Mechanisms of sulfate attack of concrete | |
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| Sulfate resistance of concrete | |
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| Laboratory testing | |
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| Solubility Test | |
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| Percent soluble soil particles | |
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| Laboratory Tests for Pavement Design | |
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| California bearing ratio | |
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| R-value test | |
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| Problems | |
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| Aggregates | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Aggregate Properties | |
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| Internal Moisture Content and Absorption | |
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| Internal moisture content of coarse aggregates and oversize particles | |
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| Absorption of coarse aggregates | |
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| Bulk Specific Gravity | |
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| Test procedure | |
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| Calculations for coarse aggregates (SSD state) | |
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| Calculations for coarse aggregates (dry state) | |
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| Calculations for oversize particles | |
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| Example of laboratory test data | |
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| Problems | |
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| Subsoil Profiles | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Examples of Subsoil Profiles | |
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| References | |
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| Glossaries | |
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| Field Testing Terminology | |
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| Laboratory Testing Terminology | |
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| Terminology for Engineering Analysis and Computations | |
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| Compaction and Grading Terminology | |
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| Percolation Tests and Related Terminology | |
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| Compaction and Grading Specifications | |
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| Percolation Test Procedures | |
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| Conversion Factors | |
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| Solutions to Problems | |
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| Laboratory Data Sheets | |
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| Index | |