Law and Regulation of International Space Communication

Name: Law and Regulation of International Space Communication
Price: 143.31 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780890062746

ISBN-10: 0890062749

ISBN-13: 9780890062746

Edition: 1988

Authors: Rita L. White, Harold M. White

List price: $148.00

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Book details

List price: $148.00
Copyright year: 1988
Publisher: Artech House, Incorporated
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 350
Size: 6.25" wide x 9.25" long x 1.00" tall
Weight: 1.386
Language: English

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Introduction: The Impact of Space Communication on International Telecommunication Law and Policy	p. xvii
Background Information: Historical and Technical	p. 1
Radio and the Geostationary Satellite Orbit: the Rationale for Regulation	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
The Nature of Radio	p. 4
Radio and the Principle of Harmful Interference	p. 5
The Geostationary Orbit	p. 9
The Issue of Orbital Crowding	p. 10
Collision Probabilities in the GSO	p. 11
Area of Visibility, Service Area, and Coverage Area	p. 13
Frequency Congestion	p. 14
Technologies and Techniques for More Effective Use of the GSO	p. 16
Signal Polarization	p. 16
Reverse Bandworking	p. 16
Advanced Antenna Design	p. 17
Orbit Sectorization	p. 18
Spectrum Segmentation	p. 19
Development of New Services	p. 19
Intersatellite Links	p. 19
Multiple-Access Techniques	p. 20
Use of Higher Frequencies	p. 21
Space Platforms and Multipurpose Satellites	p. 22
Regulatory Techniques	p. 22
Conclusion	p. 24
The International Telecommunication Union and the Regulation of Radio: Origins and Evolution	p. 29
Introduction	p. 29
The International Telegraph Union	p. 30
The 1865 Paris Telegraph Conference	p. 30
The 1868 Vienna Telegraph Conference	p. 31
The 1871 Rome Telegraph Conference	p. 31
The 1875 St. Petersburg Telegraph Conference	p. 32
The 1885 Berlin Telegraph Conference	p. 33
The 1903 Berlin Preliminary Radio Conference	p. 33
The International Radiotelegraph Union	p. 35
The 1906 Berlin Radiotelegraph Conference	p. 35
The 1912 London Radiotelegraph Conference	p. 36
Post-World War I Non-Union Meetings	p. 39
The Radio Protocol of 1919	p. 40
The 1920 Washington Preliminary Conference	p. 40
The 1921 Paris Technical Committee	p. 43
The 1927 Washington Radiotelegraph Conference	p. 44
The International Telecommunication Union	p. 46
The 1932 Madrid Conferences	p. 46
The World War II Period	p. 49
The 1947 Atlantic City Conferences	p. 50
Conclusion	p. 57
Structure of the Space Communication Law-Making Process in the International Telecommunication Union	p. 63
The Law-Making Conferences of the International Telecommunication Union and Space Communication	p. 65
Introduction	p. 65
Purposes of the Union	p. 65
Structure of the Union	p. 67
The Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 67
The International Telecommunication Convention	p. 69
Structure of the Convention	p. 69
Major Provisions of the Convention	p. 70
Structure and Procedure of the Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 71
Administrative Support for Union Conferences	p. 72
The General Secretariat	p. 72
The Administrative Council	p. 73
The Coordination Committee	p. 75
Administrative Conferences	p. 75
Structure and Procedure of Administrative Conferences	p. 76
The International Radio Regulations	p. 78
Conclusion	p. 82
Judicial and Advisory Organs of the International Telecommunication Union and Space Communication	p. 85
Introduction	p. 85
The International Frequency Registration Board	p. 86
Evolution of the Board	p. 87
Creation of the Board	p. 88
Legal Foundations of the Board	p. 89
The Master International Frequency Register	p. 92
Structure and Function of the Board	p. 96
The International Radio Consultative Committee	p. 98
Establishment of the Committee	p. 99
Structure and Function of the Committee	p. 99
Space Radiocommunication and the Committee	p. 101
Challenges Facing the Committee	p. 103
Conclusion	p. 103
The Space Conferences	p. 107
Itu Conferences: 1959-1965 -- Legal Framework for Space Communication Established	p. 109
Introduction	p. 109
Scientific Cooperation Advances International Law	p. 110
Sputnik Challenges International Law	p. 112
The 1959 World Administrative Radio Conference	p. 113
Early Space Communication Regulation Established	p. 114
The 1959 Space Communication Provisions Inadequate	p. 115
The 1959 Geneva Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 115
The 1963 Extraordinary Administrative Radio Conference to Allocate Frequency Bands for Space Radiocommunication Purposes	p. 116
Events Leading Up to the 1963 Space Conference	p. 117
Legal Principles Enacted at the Space Conference	p. 119
Full and Equal Legal Status for Space Services	p. 119
Equitable Access to Space Communication	p. 120
Foundations of the Regulatory Regime for Space Communication	p. 121
New Space Services Defined	p. 122
Coordination Procedure Established	p. 122
Coordination of Earth Stations	p. 124
Coordination of Satellite Systems	p. 126
Preparation for the 1971 Space Telecommunications Conference	p. 128
The 1965 Montreux Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 129
General Provisions Amended	p. 129
Resolutions, Recommendations, and Opinions	p. 130
Conclusion	p. 131
ITU Conferences: 1971-1977 -- Legal Principles for Space Communication Extended	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
The 1971 World Administrative Radio Conference for Space Telecommunications	p. 138
New Services Defined and Frequencies Allocated for Their Use	p. 139
Revision of Coordination, Notification, and Registration Procedures	p. 144
Resolution Spa 2-1 and Recommendation Spa 2-1	p. 148
The Issue of DBS: Resolutions Spa 2-2 and Spa 2-3	p. 149
Revision of Article 7 of the Radio Regulations to Accommodate DBS	p. 151
Overview of the Space Telecommunications Conference	p. 152
The 1973 Malaga-Torremolinos Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 152
General Provisions Amended	p. 152
Resolutions, Recommendations, and Opinions	p. 154
The 1977 World Administrative Radio Conference for the Planning of the Broadcasting-Satellite Service	p. 156
Agenda of the Conference	p. 157
The Broadcasting-Satellite Plan	p. 159
Planning for the Americas Deferred	p. 161
Coordination, Notification and Registration of Frequency Assignments	p. 162
Efficiency Sacrificed for Equity	p. 164
Conclusion	p. 165
ITU Conferences: 1979-1983 -- from Principle to Practice	p. 171
Introduction	p. 171
The 1979 World Administrative Radio Conference	p. 173
Preparation for the Conference	p. 175
Revision of the Radio Regulations	p. 176
The 12 GHz Band: Interim Arc Segmentation Plan for Region 2 Replaced by Frequency Segmentation Plan	p. 177
Planning of the Feeder Links for the Broadcasting-Satellite Service	p. 179
The Fixed-Satellite Service	p. 180
Planning of the Space Services	p. 183
Resolution 2	p. 183
Resolution 3	p. 183
Working Group Six Ad-Hoc Two	p. 184
Resolution 3: Call for a Spectrum-Orbit Planning Conference	p. 185
From Technical to Political Forum	p. 186
The 1982 Nairobi Plenipotentiary Conference	p. 188
General Provisions Amended	p. 188
Resolutions, Recommendations, and Opinions	p. 191
The 1983 Regional Administrative Radio Conference for the Planning of the Broadcasting-Satellite Service	p. 192
Conclusion	p. 194
The 1985 Space Conference -- to "Guarantee in Practice" Equitable Access to Space Communication	p. 201
Introduction	p. 201
The 1985 World Administrative Radio Conference on the Use of the Geostationary-Satellite Orbit and the Planning of the Space Services Utilizing It	p. 202
Agenda of the Conference	p. 203
Preparation for the Conference	p. 204
Conference Results	p. 205
The Arc Allotment Plan	p. 207
Regulatory Procedures	p. 209
Planning by Improved Procedures	p. 211
Planning Principles	p. 213
Provisions for Multiadministration Systems and the Issue of International Systems Separate from INTELSAT	p. 216
Incorporation into the Radio Regulations of the 1983 Direct Broadcast Satellite Plan for Region 2	p. 221
Planning of the Feeder Links for the 12 GHz Broadcasting-Satellite Service in Regions 1 and 3	p. 221
Recommendation Plen/B Relating to High Definition Television in the Broadcasting-Satellite Service	p. 222
Recommendation Plen/C Relating to Satellite Sound Broadcasting Systems for Individual Reception by Portable and Automobile Receivers	p. 222
Recommendation Plen/A: Draft Agenda for the Second Session of the Conference	p. 223
Intersessional Studies	p. 225
Intersessional Duties of the International Frequency Registration Board	p. 225
Intersessional Duties of the International Radio Consultative Committee	p. 226
Conclusion	p. 226
Special Space Communication Topics	p. 233
Direct Broadcast Satellites and the Evolution in the United Nations of International Space Law	p. 235
Introduction	p. 235
The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space	p. 236
The United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union	p. 237
The 1963 UN Space Law Declaration	p. 240
Initial Consideration of Direct Broadcast Satellites	p. 241
The 1967 UN Treaty on Outer Space	p. 241
The Issue of Direct Broadcast Satellites	p. 243
Approaches to Direct Broadcast	p. 246
The Legal Impasse Surrounding Direct Broadcast	p. 248
Conclusion	p. 251
Conclusion: Space Communication -- Toward Cultural and Legal Convergence in the Global Village	p. 255
Glossary	p. 267
Bibliography	p. 273
Index	p. 281
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