Preface | p. xv |
COBOL II Release 2 | p. 1 |
Release 2--VS COBOL Features Eliminated and Conversions | p. 3 |
COBOL II Releases | p. 3 |
Release 1 | p. 3 |
Release 2 | p. 3 |
Release 3 | p. 4 |
Features Completely Eliminated | p. 5 |
Search All Statement Syntax | p. 5 |
Ready Trace | p. 7 |
ON Statement | p. 8 |
Inspect, Examine, and Transform | p. 9 |
Exhibit and Display | p. 10 |
List Command in COBOL Debugger | p. 12 |
Accept and Move of Date and Time | p. 13 |
Remarks and Note | p. 15 |
Qualification of Index Names | p. 15 |
Reserved Words | p. 15 |
Inconsistencies between VS COBOL and COBOL II | p. 16 |
Unexpected and Concealed COBOL II Differences | p. 17 |
Conversion | p. 18 |
Updated Features from VS COBOL to Release 2 | p. 21 |
Extended File Status Codes | p. 21 |
Occurs Depending On | p. 25 |
Floating-Point Numbers | p. 26 |
Exponentiation | p. 28 |
Value Clauses | p. 29 |
Call Statements | p. 29 |
Performs | p. 32 |
Traditional Out-of-Line Performs | p. 32 |
In-Line Performs | p. 33 |
Error Processing | p. 35 |
Compiler Limits | p. 36 |
Level Numbers | p. 37 |
Copy Statement | p. 38 |
Sections | p. 38 |
When-Compiled Special Register | p. 39 |
New Features in Release 2 | p. 41 |
Explicit Scope Terminators | p. 41 |
Continue Statement | p. 42 |
Initialize Statement | p. 42 |
Replacing Clause | p. 43 |
Group Items | p. 44 |
Evaluate Statement | p. 46 |
Comparison of Evaluate and If Statements | p. 46 |
Placing Expressions in the Evaluate or When Portions | p. 49 |
Using the Thru Clause | p. 50 |
Set Statement | p. 52 |
Title Statement | p. 53 |
Double Byte Character Set (DBCS) | p. 53 |
DBCS Class Test | p. 55 |
Service Routines for DBCS Manipulation | p. 55 |
Updates to Compiler Options | p. 57 |
Compiler Option Name Changes | p. 57 |
Flag Option | p. 58 |
Ssrange Option | p. 58 |
Rent and Data Options | p. 61 |
AMODE and RMODE | p. 62 |
NUMPROC Option | p. 63 |
FASTSRT Option | p. 65 |
TEST Option | p. 67 |
The Interactive Debugger | p. 68 |
Batch Mode Debugger | p. 70 |
Replacement of VS COBOL Ready Trace | p. 72 |
Replacement of VS COBOL Flow | p. 73 |
Replacement of VS COBOL Count | p. 74 |
When Command | p. 74 |
COBOL Compiler Options Assumed by Debug | p. 76 |
Updates to Compiler Listings and Procedures | p. 77 |
Program and Statement Nesting Levels | p. 77 |
Cross-References | p. 79 |
Imbedded Cross-Reference | p. 79 |
Cross-Reference of Data-Names | p. 81 |
Cross-Reference of Procedures | p. 82 |
Cross-Reference of Programs | p. 83 |
Compiler Options | p. 83 |
Options Shown in Listing | p. 83 |
Locating Options in a Module | p. 84 |
Error Messages | p. 84 |
Catalogued JCL Procedures | p. 87 |
COBOL II in Special Environments | p. 89 |
COBOL II and CICS | p. 89 |
Restrictions Lifted | p. 89 |
Bll Cells No Longer Defined | p. 90 |
Pointer Fields | p. 92 |
Address Of Special Register | p. 92 |
CICS Set Parameter | p. 93 |
Null Pointers | p. 95 |
Linked Lists | p. 95 |
Length Of Special Register | p. 96 |
Other CICS Changes | p. 98 |
Debugging under CICS | p. 98 |
COBOL II Programs Running under IMS | p. 99 |
Coding Restrictions | p. 99 |
Compiler Options | p. 99 |
Link-Edit Requirements | p. 100 |
Running VS COBOL Programs under IMS Using the COBOL II Libraries | p. 100 |
COBOL II Programs Running under CMS | p. 101 |
CMS Differences | p. 101 |
CMS Compiler Options | p. 101 |
Program Compilation under CMS | p. 101 |
Executing under CMS | p. 103 |
COBOL II Release 3 | p. 105 |
Release 3 Updates | p. 107 |
CMPR2 Option | p. 107 |
Alphabetic Condition | p. 108 |
Occurs Depending On | p. 108 |
Record Clause | p. 111 |
Matching Record Definitions | p. 111 |
Variable Length Record Size | p. 112 |
Call ... On Overflow | p. 114 |
Exit Statement | p. 115 |
Exit Program | p. 116 |
Perform Statements | p. 117 |
Perform Ranges | p. 117 |
Perform Varying Differences | p. 117 |
New File Status Codes Added | p. 119 |
Table Handling Changes | p. 120 |
Subscripting and Indexing Changes | p. 120 |
Value Clause in Tables | p. 120 |
Sort and Merge Statements | p. 123 |
Filler Data Name | p. 125 |
De-editing of Numeric Edited Fields | p. 126 |
Binary and Packed-Decimal Fields | p. 126 |
Upper-and Lowercase Code | p. 127 |
Nonnumeric Literals | p. 127 |
Relation Conditions | p. 128 |
Intermediate Results | p. 128 |
Add...To...Giving | p. 128 |
Obsolete Elements of COBOL | p. 128 |
Label Records Clause | p. 129 |
Alter Statement and Altered Go To | p. 129 |
Optional Paragraphs in the Identification Division | p. 129 |
Other Obsolete Elements | p. 130 |
File Organization | p. 130 |
String and Unstring | p. 130 |
Not at end, Not Invalid Key | p. 130 |
Not on Size Error | p. 131 |
Program Collating Sequence | p. 131 |
New Release 3 Features | p. 133 |
External Attributes | p. 133 |
External Attribute in the Working-Storage Section | p. 133 |
External Attribute with Files | p. 134 |
Nested Programs | p. 134 |
Common Attribute | p. 136 |
Global Attribute | p. 137 |
Uses of Nested Programs | p. 140 |
Initial Attribute | p. 141 |
Reference Modification | p. 142 |
Integer Constants as Reference Modifiers | p. 143 |
Data Items as Reference Modifiers | p. 143 |
Reference Modifiers with Variable Length Fields | p. 145 |
Subscripting and Reference Modification Combined | p. 145 |
Compilation Error Messages Affected by Reference Modification | p. 146 |
Replace Statement | p. 146 |
New Compiler Options | p. 147 |
AWO Option | p. 147 |
TRUNC Option | p. 149 |
FLAGSAA Option | p. 149 |
LANGUAGE Option | p. 150 |
DBCS Option | p. 150 |
Program Nesting Levels in the Compiler Listing | p. 152 |
Programming Techniques | p. 153 |
Coding Techniques | p. 155 |
Movement of Data in COBOL II | p. 155 |
Elementary versus Group Moves | p. 155 |
Moves Involving Numeric Data | p. 155 |
De-editing | p. 159 |
DBCS Data Items | p. 159 |
Working with Multiple Fields | p. 160 |
Moving to Multiple Fields | p. 160 |
Adding to Multiple Fields | p. 160 |
Truncation During Fixed-Point Arithmetic Operations | p. 161 |
Floating-Point Precision | p. 162 |
User Requested Abends | p. 162 |
Efficient Coding Overview | p. 165 |
Why Coding Efficiency Still Makes Sense | p. 165 |
Efficient Code Is Easier to Follow | p. 166 |
Efficient Code Can Be Written Just As Quickly | p. 166 |
Program Monitors and Code Optimizers | p. 168 |
Instruction Speeds | p. 169 |
General COBOL II Efficiency Differences from VS COBOL | p. 171 |
The IBM Optimizer | p. 171 |
Library Routine CALLs | p. 173 |
Arithmetic on COMP-3 Fields | p. 173 |
Clearing Fields | p. 174 |
Efficiency Differences When Running VS COBOL Programs under COBOL II | p. 174 |
COBOL II Efficient Coding Techniques | p. 177 |
Arithmetic Efficiencies | p. 177 |
Types of Arithmetic Fields | p. 177 |
Compiler Options | p. 178 |
Number of Decimal Places | p. 178 |
Lengths of Arithmetic Fields | p. 179 |
Use of Signs | p. 180 |
Use of Rounding | p. 180 |
Compute versus Other Arithmetic Statements | p. 181 |
Arithmetic Operations | p. 182 |
IF Statements | p. 182 |
Immediate Instructions | p. 183 |
Complex IF Statements | p. 184 |
Data Movement | p. 184 |
Perform and Go To | p. 186 |
Go to Depending on | p. 190 |
Calls | p. 190 |
Table Searching | p. 191 |
Partitioned Search | p. 192 |
Table Handling | p. 192 |
File Processing | p. 194 |
Variable Length Records | p. 194 |
Blocking | p. 195 |
Opening and Closing Files | p. 196 |
Read Into | p. 197 |
Compiler Options | p. 199 |
Compilation Time | p. 200 |
Options Guiding the Compiler | p. 200 |
Compile/Nocompile | p. 200 |
Object/Noobject and Deck/Nodeck | p. 202 |
Size | p. 202 |
Quote and Apost | p. 203 |
Lib/Nolib | p. 203 |
Compiler Listing Directives | p. 203 |
List/Nolist and Offset/Nooffset | p. 203 |
Map/Nomap | p. 205 |
Xref/Noxref | p. 205 |
Number/Nonumber | p. 205 |
Sequence/Nosequence | p. 206 |
Debugging Options | p. 206 |
Test/Notest | p. 206 |
Fdump/Nofdump | p. 207 |
Options Affecting Program Execution | p. 209 |
Trunc | p. 209 |
Dynam/Nodynam | p. 215 |
Resident/Noresident | p. 219 |
Adv/Noadv | p. 220 |
Optimize/Nooptimize | p. 220 |
Outdd | p. 223 |
Run-Time Options | p. 223 |
Ssrange/Nossrange | p. 224 |
Stae/Nostae | p. 224 |
Aixbld/Noaixbld | p. 226 |
Debugging Techniques | p. 227 |
Reading Data, Program, and Procedure Maps | p. 229 |
Reading a COBOL II Data Map | p. 229 |
Reading a Nested Program Map | p. 232 |
Reading a COBOL II Procedure Map | p. 233 |
Procedure Map When Using COMP-3 Fields | p. 235 |
Procedure Map When Using DISPLAY Fields | p. 236 |
Procedure Map When Using Data in the Linkage Section | p. 237 |
Procedure Map for an IF Statement | p. 238 |
Procedure Map for an OPEN | p. 239 |
Procedure Map for the Evaluate Statement | p. 241 |
Procedure Map When Comparing Display Numeric Fields | p. 241 |
Procedure Map When Using Binary (Comp) Fields | p. 242 |
Initialization of Working-Storage | p. 243 |
Reading a Condensed Listing | p. 246 |
The COBOL Task Global Table (TGT) | p. 249 |
Why Understanding the TGT Is Important | p. 249 |
Format of the TGT | p. 250 |
The TGT in a Compilation Listing | p. 251 |
How the Rent and Norent Options Affect the TGT | p. 251 |
Locating the TGT | p. 254 |
Specific Fields in the TGT | p. 255 |
Index Cells | p. 255 |
Base Locators | p. 256 |
Base Locators for Linkage Section | p. 256 |
Temporary Storage Fields | p. 257 |
Variable Length Cells | p. 258 |
72 Byte Save Area | p. 258 |
Fcb Cells | p. 259 |
DCB and FCB Locations Listed after the TGT | p. 260 |
Understanding ABENDs and Program Exceptions | p. 261 |
Comparison of Abends and Program Exceptions | p. 261 |
System and User ABENDs | p. 262 |
Program Exceptions | p. 262 |
Operation Exception (OC1) | p. 263 |
Privileged Operation (OC2) and Execute (OC3) Exceptions | p. 265 |
Protection Exception (OC4) and Addressing Exception (OC5) | p. 265 |
Specification Exception (OC6) | p. 266 |
Decimal Data Exception (OC7) | p. 267 |
Program Exceptions OC8 through OCB | p. 267 |
Program Exceptions OCC through OCF | p. 268 |
Analyzing an Abend | p. 268 |
Identifying Messages in a Job Log | p. 269 |
Epilogue | p. 271 |
Element Differences between COBOL Versions | p. 273 |
Compiler Options Differences between COBOL Versions | p. 279 |
Mutually Exclusive COBOL II Compiler Options | p. 283 |
Index | p. 285 |
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