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Preface | |
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Why Record Spectra of Astronomical Objects? | |
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A Historical Introduction | |
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What One Can Learn from Studying Spectra | |
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The Nature of Spectra | |
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Transitions | |
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Absorption and Emission | |
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Other Measures of Transition Probabilities | |
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Stimulated Emission | |
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Optical Depth | |
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Critical Density | |
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Wavelength or Frequency? | |
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum | |
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Atomic Hydrogen | |
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Overview | |
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The Schr�dinger Equation of Hydrogen-Like Atoms | |
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Reduced Mass | |
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Atomic Units | |
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Wavefunctions for Hydrogen | |
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Energy Levels and Quantum Numbers | |
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H-Atom Discrete Spectra | |
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H-Atom Spectra in Different Locations | |
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Balmer series | |
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Lyman series | |
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Infrared lines | |
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H-Atom Continuum Spectra | |
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Processes | |
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H-atom emission in H II regions | |
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Radio Recombination Lines | |
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Radio Recombination Lines for Other Atoms | |
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Angular Momentum Coupling in the Hydrogen Atom | |
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The Fine Structure of Hydrogen | |
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Hyperfine Structure in the H Atom | |
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Allowed Transitions | |
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Hydrogen in Nebulae | |
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Complex Atoms | |
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General Considerations | |
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Central Field Model | |
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Indistinguishable Particles | |
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Electron Configurations | |
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The Periodic Table | |
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Ions | |
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Angular Momentum in Complex Atoms | |
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L-S or Russell-Saunders coupling | |
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j-j coupling | |
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Why two coupling schemes? | |
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Spectroscopic Notation | |
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Parity of the Wavefunction | |
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Terms and Levels in Complex Atoms | |
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Helium Spectra | |
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He I and He II Spectra | |
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Selection Rules for Complex Atoms | |
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Observing Forbidden Lines | |
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Grotrian Diagrams | |
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Potential Felt by Electrons in Complex Atoms | |
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Emissions of Helium-Like Ions | |
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Alkali Atoms | |
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Sodium | |
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Spin-Orbit Interactions | |
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Fine Structure Transitions | |
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Astronomical Sodium Spectra | |
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Other Alkali Metal-Like Spectra | |
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Spectra of Nebulae | |
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Nebulium | |
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The Bowen Mechanism | |
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Two Valence Electrons | |
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Autoionisation and Recombination | |
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Spectra in Magnetic Fields | |
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Uniform Magnetic Field | |
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Strong Magnetic Field | |
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Weak Magnetic Field | |
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The normal Zeeman effect | |
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The anomolous Zeeman effect | |
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Spectra in Magnetic Field | |
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X-Ray Spectra | |
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Inner Shell Processes | |
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The Solar Corona | |
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The Structure of Highly Ionised Atoms | |
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Isotope Effects | |
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Molecular Structure | |
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The Born-Oppenheimer Approximation | |
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Electronic Structure of Diatomics | |
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Labelling of electronic states | |
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Symmetry | |
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State labels | |
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Schr�dinger Equation | |
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Nuclear motion in diatomic molecules | |
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Fractionation | |
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Vibration-Rotation Energy Levels | |
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Temperature Effects | |
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Rotational state populations | |
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Vibrational state populations | |
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Electronic state populations | |
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Rotational Spectra | |
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Rotational Structure of Polyatomic Molecules | |
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Selection Rules: Pure Rotational Transitions | |
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Selection Rules | |
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Isotope Effects | |
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Rotational Spectra of Other Molecules | |
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Rotational Spectra of Molecular Hydrogen | |
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Maser Emissions | |
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Vibration-Rotation Spectra | |
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Vibrations in Polyatomic Molecules | |
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Vibrational Transitions | |
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Structure of the spectrum | |
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Isotope effects | |
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Hydrogen molecule vibrational spectra | |
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Astronomical Spectra | |
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Electronic Spectra of Diatomic Molecules | |
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Electronic Transitions | |
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Selection Rules | |
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Vibrational selection rules | |
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Rotational selection rules | |
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Transition Frequencies | |
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Astronomical Spectra | |
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Non-<sup>1</sup> � Electronic States | |
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Solutions to Model Problems | |
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Further Reading and Bibliography | |
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Index | |