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| Introduction | |
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| Principles | |
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| Policies | |
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| Environmental Protection Principles | |
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| The Sustainability Principle | |
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| Limits to growth | |
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| Sustainability in the 1980s | |
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| Carrying capacity | |
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| Ecological footprint | |
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| Continuing debate | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Polluter Pays Principle | |
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| Functions of the polluter pays principle | |
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| Liability | |
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| Extended producer responsibility | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Precautionary Principle | |
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| Shifting the burden of proof | |
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| Nature of the precautionary principle | |
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| Threat to desired level of protection | |
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| Scientific uncertainty | |
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| Measures to be taken | |
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| Legislation | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Social Principles and Environmental Protection | |
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| The Equity Principle | |
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| Intragenerational equity | |
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| Intergenerational equity | |
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| What should be sustained? | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Human Rights Principles | |
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| Role of environmental protection | |
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| Environmental human rights | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Participation Principle | |
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| The right to know | |
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| Public participation | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Economic Methods of Environmental Valuation | |
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| Measuring Environmental Value | |
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| National accounts | |
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| Cost-benefit analysis | |
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| Environmental valuation in practice | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Is Monetary Valuation Principled? | |
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| The participation principle | |
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| The equity principle | |
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| Human rights principles | |
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| The sustainability principle | |
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| The precautionary principle | |
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| Economic Instruments for Pollution Control | |
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| Prices and Pollution Rights | |
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| Price-based measures | |
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| Tradeable pollution rights | |
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| Global warming measures | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Sustainability Principle and Economic Instruments | |
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| Setting the baseline or cap | |
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| Phoney reductions | |
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| Monitoring and enforcement | |
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| Perpetuating bad practices | |
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| The Polluter Pays and Precautionary Principles Applied | |
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| The polluter pays principle | |
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| The precautionary principle | |
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| Rights, Equity and Participation Principles Applied | |
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| Human rights principles | |
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| The equity principle | |
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| The participation principle | |
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| Markets for Conservation | |
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| Quotas, Trades, Offsets and Banks | |
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| Tradeable fishing rights | |
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| Water trading | |
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| Salinity trading and offsets | |
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| Mitigation banking | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Sustainability Principle and Conservation Markets | |
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| Fisheries trading | |
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| Water allowance trading | |
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| Mitigation banking | |
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| The Equity, Participation and Precautionary Principles Applied | |
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| The equity principle and tradeable fishing quotas | |
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| The equity principle and water trading | |
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| The participation principle | |
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| The precautionary principle | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |